Life Sciences

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Akritas Cape: a recently discovered raptor migration hotspot in the Balkans

Several new hotspots have been identified in the past three decades, particularly in Italy, but none have approached the numbers observed at those three traditional sites. Up to now, the flyway connecting Greece with North Africa during post-breeding migration has been studied through observations from the island of Antikythira, located between southern Greece and Crete.

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Unveiling the Power of Engineering Metabolism: From Cells to Biotechnology

Metabolism, the intricate web of biochemical reactions that sustain life within cells, serves as the powerhouse driving essential cellular functions. At the heart of metabolism lies the provision of energy and building blocks crucial for the synthesis of macromolecules, vital for cellular structures, growth, and proliferation. This complex network comprises thousands of reactions catalysed by enzymes, involving an array of co-factors and metabolites.

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Moxidectin: A New alternative for Treating a Hidden Parasite: Strongyloides stercoralis

The microscopic parasite Strongyloides stercoralis infects millions of humans worldwide, often without symptoms. For years, the treatment of choice has been ivermectin, a drug that has been recognized for its use in combating diseases, such as river blindness. However, what is another option? Our recent study compared ivermectin to its lesser-known antiparasitic, moxidectin, and the results were promising.

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Jumping the Pond: A European Colonist Arrives on American Shores

Beyond just the discovery of this invasive species on New Jersey shores, this study reveals the usefulness of reporting platforms like iNaturalist. Checking kilometers of coastline requires many hours of work – far beyond what is possible for an academic study. But through reporting of sightings, citizen scientists can provide a wealth of useful data. Indeed, since the publication of the paper, the beadlet anemone has now been found to the north in New York State. The colonists are spreading out.

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Spray Drones Prove Effective for Crabgrass Management in Turf

Until now, not much was known about the influence that nozzle type and application volume have on weed control efficacy with remotely piloted aerial application systems (RPAASs). However, new research shows that RPAAS applications using low-drift nozzles at low spray volumes (1.0–1.5 gallons/acre) can achieve weed control levels comparable to ground sprayer applications at 10 gallons/acre in turf.

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Covering the costs of publishing open access papers in Bird Conservation International

Every year, an increasing proportion of scientific articles are published open access, which means they are fully available to all, rather than being hidden behind a subscription paywall. There are various reasons for this trend, but all are underpinned by the fact that publicly available research enables greater impact and visibility, while also increasing the accessibility of scientific knowledge.

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World NTD Day – Progress, Challenges, and the Path to Elimination

On 30th January, we celebrate World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day. This annual celebration highlights the hard work and achievements of the many researchers, medical workers, NGOs and other committed individuals in this field, and acts as a convenient forum to demand and sustain the necessary concerted actions to #BeatNTDs.…

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Poisonous pitohuis as pets

The latest Paper of the Month for Bird Conservation International is Poisonous pitohuis as pets and is available as open access.  In our line of work, we come across new trends in the use of wildlife.…

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World Soil Day December 5th

December 5th is World Soil Day. Recommended by the International Union of Soil Sciences in 2002, the establishment of World Soil Day was led by the Kingdom of Thailand as part of the Global Soil Partnership—it was formally adopted by the UN General Assembly after endorsement by the FAO in December 2013.…

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Diflufenican Proves Promising to Control Herbicide-Resistant Waterhemp

Diflufenican, a new mode of action herbicide for preemergence use in corn, demonstrates effectiveness as an integrated weed management strategy for multiple-herbicide resistant (MHP) waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) control. That’s the conclusion from a recently published research article in the journal Weed Technology, a journal of the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA)

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Congratulations! Introducing the New Front Cover for Parasitology 2025 by Ramiro Tomasina & Carlos Robello

We are delighted to announce that the new front cover image for Parasitology 2025 features the protist Trypanosoma cruzi, photograph taken by Ramiro Tomasina & Carlos Robello. This parasite is responsible for American trypanosomiasis or Chagas Disease in South America. It infects a wide range of mammalian hosts by stercorarian transmission from contaminated faeces of Reduviid bugs.

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Miniature Worlds: Organoids in Parasitology, Exploring the use of organoids to probe the biology of parasites

The scientific programme was very exciting. It allowed several leaders in this field to share their latest experiences and findings from their laboratories. In total, there were eight speakers representing universities across the UK, Ireland & Europe. With a larger international audience on site, speakers intermingled during lunch and break sessions for discussions and collaborative networking.

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Aiste Vitkauskaite Awarded Irish Society for Parasitology William C. Campbell Award 2024

My introduction to the fascinating world of parasites and Fasciola was accidental, or rather, a fluke! I met Professor John Dalton, the lead of the Molecular Parasitology Laboratory while working on a drug metabolism and hepatotoxicity project using HepG2 cell-derived spheroids at the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics at the University of Galway. After several hours of parasite chat, I was hooked and embarked on a PhD migratory pathway!

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From Waste to Harvest: Exploring the Use of Human Waste in Agriculture

To recognize World Toilet Day, Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems is featuring a series of four articles reviewing the use of human waste in agriculture. They investigate what drives growers to use human waste as a fertilizer supplement, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, along with the potential benefits and risks of such use. One study also looks at US growers’ perceptions of recycled water and municipally treated wastewater, including how different understandings impact risk and willingness of use.

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DEAD TICK CLADE WALKING

Before 1935, ticks were composed of the hard (Ixodidae) and soft (Argasidae) tick families. In 1931, Gerald Bedford described a peculiar tick species named Nuttalliella namaqua, which he considered a missing link between the two families, since it shared characteristics with both families.

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Introducing Animal Nutriomics

Zhejiang University, in collaboration with Cambridge University Press, is launching the new journal - Animal Nutriomics - that covers all novel research on animal nutrition science from the perspective of genomics, especially in the fields of animal molecular nutrition, nutrition in animal health, nutritional regulation of genetics and epigenetics, nutrition-related omics, phenotype and metabolism.

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Homicide rates in the United States increase when resources are scarce and unequally distributed

Identifying the factors that drive homicide rates is not only of paramount interest to scholars across the social and behavioral sciences but is necessary to inform policy decisions aimed at reducing lethal aggression. Studies nominate diverse causes of homicide, including ambient temperature, city greenness, firearm ownership, firearm laws, structural racism, income inequality, poverty, and more. However, without general theory scholars struggle to disentangle causal factors from correlated effects. This distinction is vitally important for designing interventions that target underlying causes rather than spurious correlations.

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Cross-cultural correlations must be interpreted with caution

Is human cultural diversity partly shaped by the diversity of environments in which human societies live? Finding that a particular cultural feature is significantly associated with specific environmental variables adds weight to an argument that human diversity is shaped by environment. For example, many aspects of human cultural diversity have been found to correlate with parasite load, and these correlations have been interpreted as support for the hypothesis that cultures with high pathogen load develop features that limit the chance of infection, such as ritualized behaviours, xenophobia, belief in supernatural agents, and inclusion of antimicrobial ingredients in food.

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Being Less Casual About Causality in the Evolutionary Human Sciences

As evolutionary human scientists, we care about causality. We usually want to know whether something causes something else, rather than whether things are just correlated. We want to know whether aspects of our culture, social structure or ecology cause a given behaviour, as opposed to being merely associated with it, for instance. Experiments are the gold standard for assessing causality, but for obvious reasons cannot answer everything, especially many of the evolutionary questions we’re interested in – Randomising infants to be raised as religious or not, for instance, would be both impossible and ethically questionable (to put it mildly!).

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Comparative transcriptomics from intestinal cells of permissive and non-permissive hosts during Ancylostoma ceylanicum infection reveals unique signatures of protection and host specificity

The latest Paper of the Month for Parasitology is Comparative transcriptomics from intestinal cells of permissive and non-permissive hosts during Ancylostoma ceylanicum infection reveals unique signatures of protection and host specificity and is freely available. …

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Building a new frontier

Martyn Dade-Robertson, Editor-in-Chief of Research Directions: Biotechnology Design, explains more about this emerging branch of science Can we grow a building?…

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What a decade of experience tells us about buffelgrass control

Buffelgrass is a highly invasive perennial that reduces the biodiversity of native ecosystems and provides ready fuel for wildfires in the arid regions where it thrives. After examining a decade of data from Arizona’s Saguaro National Park, researchers writing in the journal Invasive Plant Science and Management describe best practices for buffelgrass control.

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Comments on Parasitology paper – Effects of parasitic freshwater mussels on their host fishes: a review

Starting my PhD in 2020 on the conservation of Swedish parasitic freshwater mussels (Order: Unionida), I initially noted a lack of effort put into the study of what these mussels actually do to their hosts. If our goal is to increase the number of these mussels in our lakes and rivers, this will inevitably have some downstream impact on their host fishes.

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Cyclospora cayetanensis comprises at least 3 species that cause human cyclosporiasis

Despite its impact on United States (US) food safety since the 1990’s, efforts to understand Cyclospora cayetanensis genetics only really began within the last 7 years. However, we have learned a great deal over that time; genotyping technologies now exist for Cyclospora, and these are being used routinely to complement cyclosporiasis outbreak investigations performed by US public health agencies

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Hard Ticks from Down Under in Burmese Amber

Amber is a rich source of invertebrate fossils that constantly turn up new families, genera, and species. To become an amber fossil, an organism needs to be trapped in tree resin oozing from injured trees, which hardens and gets buried beneath sediment before fossilization at high pressure and temperature.

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Playtime is purr-fect for your cat’s welfare

Play is often considered an indicator and promotor of animal welfare. Playing with your cat may also nurture closer cat-human bonds. In a new study, scientists have investigated these links by applying in-depth empirical methods to analyse data gathered from around the world.

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