Journal of Fluid Mechanics: Emerging Scholar Best Paper Prize
The first best paper prize will recognise an Emerging Scholar who published work in 2023 and the winner will be announced later this year.
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Mathematics
JFM Rapids Q&A with Tamer Zaki
Tamer Zaki (Johns Hopkins University) has recently joined the Journal of Fluid Mechanics Editorial Board for JFM Rapids. To celebrate, Tamer participated in a Q&A with the Journal.
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JFM Q&A with Sergio Pirozzoli
Sergio Pirozzoli of Sapienza University of Rome has recently been appointed as an editorial board member of the Journal of Fluid Mechanics. To celebrate, Sergio participated in a Q&A with the Journal.
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JFM Q&A with Yongyun Hwang
Professor Yongyun Hwang, Imperial College London has recently been appointed as an editorial board member of the Journal of Fluid Mechanics. To celebrate, Yongyun participated in a Q&A with the Journal.
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Popping a champagne cork reveals propulsive dynamics
Read the press release online: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1032091
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The special relationship between mistletoe, birds and mathematics
How does mistletoe grow? How does mistletoe spread? And, curiously, how does this link to the latest mathematical research?
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JFM Rapids: The Editors’ Insights
A spotlight on JFM Rapids, a well-established section in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics [JFM] that continues to provide a highly visible venue for short, high-quality, articles addressing timely research challenges of broad interest. In this collection, the Editors of JFM Rapids each explain why they selected one article that presents exciting results with exceptional impact on currently active fluid mechanics research.
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How mathematics and statistics supported the Covid-19 response in Australia and New Zealand
The Covid-19 pandemic thrust mathematical modelling into the spotlight like never before. As governments around the world scrambled to respond to the crisis, infectious disease models became a crucial strand of evidence, allowing us to measure transmission and evaluate the likely outcome of alternative response options.…
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WATCH: Baseball Aerodynamics
In the following video, Professor Barton Smith of Utah State University explains his work on the fluid dynamics of a baseball pitch.…
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WATCH: #MyFirstJFM Colm-cille Caulfield, Journal of Fluid Mechanics E-i-C
Professor Colm-cille Caulfield, Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Fluid Mechanics (JFM) discusses his first published paper in JFM. Multiple linear instability of layered stratified shear flow Colm also give us insight into changes that have occurred in the publishing process, over the past 30 years.
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Drinking through a straw is difficult (mathematically)
Straws can make drinking easier, but modelling the flow in them can be hard; doing so successfully could help scientists across disciplines better understand a range of complicated systems.
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WATCH: My Career by Colm-cille Caulfield, JFM E-i-C
Professor Colm-cille Caulfield, Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Fluid Mechanics (JFM) discusses his career. Colm discusses common themes in his research. As well as his favourite fluid type. Colm also give us insight into his favourite JFM paper, and advice for students and authors.
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Breaking Up and Getting Back Together in Particle-Laden Flows
Suspended particles make fluid flows complicated. If particles are attractive, aggregates can grow and shrink dynamically adding another level of complexity. A recent Tutorial Review in FLOW breaks down the way researchers try to understand these systems.
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A pedestrian dynamics model accounting for the body size of agents
Introducing a mathematical model for pedestrian dynamics that is based on social forces between pedestrians in exemplary hallway or crossing situations.
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2023 JFM-Flow China Symposium: from fundamentals to applied mechanics
We were excited to hold the JFM/FLOW 2023 China Symposium in Hefei in July 2023
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WATCH: Meet Colm-cille Caulfield, E-i-C for Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Professor Colm-cille Caulfield discusses his first year as Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Fluid Mechanics (JFM). Colm discusses his expectations of being Editor of the journal, what helped him prepare to take on the role and what policies he is personally proud to be a part of steering.
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When the Levee Forms
Blues fans out there may be familiar with the Led Zeppelin classic ‘When the Levee Breaks’, but what about when the levee forms? In particular, how do natural levees form in such an organised and well-engineered process?
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Introducing ‘Moduli’
Moduli Managing Editors introduce the new open access mathematics journal owned by the Foundation Compositio Mathematica, published in collaboration with the LMS and Cambridge University Press.
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The latest research in training modern machine learning models: ‘A deterministic modification of gradient descent that avoids saddle points
Machine learning models, particularly those based on deep neural networks, have revolutionized the fields of data analysis, image recognition, and natural language processing. A key factor in the training of these models is the use of variants of gradient descent algorithms, which optimize model parameters by minimizing a loss function. However, the training optimization problem for neural networks is highly non-convex, presenting unique challenges.
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The Irresistible Attraction of Gravity
Q&A with Luciano Rezzolla about his upcoming Cambridge Festival event
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It’s 3.14! To celebrate Pi Day, learn more about the latest research with Forum of Mathematics, Pi
Pi Day is celebrated around the world on the fourteenth day of the third month (3/14). The date representation of 3.14 is the most basic ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. We've collated the top 10 most read papers from 2022 in Forum of Mathematics, Pi for all mathematicians, from researchers to students.
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The 33%: Q&A with Eugenia Cheng
Eugenia Cheng, Author of The Joy of Abstraction, answers 3 questions for International day of Women and Girls in Science
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The PageRank algorithm analysed by EJAM
The PageRank algorithm was developed by Google co-founder Larry Page, and first introduced in 1998. It is based on the idea that a website’s importance can be measured by the number of other websites that link to it. Here, EJAM researchers study the PageRank algorithm.
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John Ockendon Prize 2022 winner announced
The John Ockendon Prize launched in 2016 and is named after the founding editor of the European Journal of Applied Mathematics. This award recognises researchers for their contribution to applied mathematical research. In this article, Journal Editor Martin Burger discusses the 2022 winning paper.
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Watch: Wave-Particle Duality and Superwalking Droplets
Rahil Valani (Monash University) explains how superwalking droplets form when a bath of oil is vibrated at two different frequencies, and how this phenomena is related to quantum theory and wave-particle duality. Research by Rahil Valani at Monash University
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Watch: Impaled Droplets
The Lutetium Project film a water droplet impacting on a superhydrophobic cone-shaped surface and the results are breathtaking. Research by Pierre Chantelot at the University of Twente.
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Ducks win big at the Ig Nobels
A study on duck swimming behaviour published in JFM secures the 2022 Ig Nobel prize in physics for Zhi-Ming Yuan, Minglu Chen, Laibing Jia, Chunyan Ji and Atilla Incecik
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How “Paint jetting” could help save our planet
September 16th 2021 marked the 34th anniversary of the Montreal Protocol, one of the most successful climate initiatives in United Nations history.…
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Watch: Bouncing Water Droplets and the ‘Reverse Crown’
When a hydrogel bead is dropped onto a water droplet the fluid is lifted up from the surface creating some incredible structures such as the ‘reverse crown’ and the ‘dancing ballerina’.…
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Watch: The Physics of Cotton Candy (Candy Floss)
Why does cotton candy disintegrate in air? What happens when you add droplets to candy floss? And how is it made in the first place?…
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Watch: Crystal Critters – salt structures that come to life!
When a drop of salty water is evaporated on a hydrophobic surface, “salt globes” that mirror the shape of the drop grow.…
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Watch: Amazing Fluid Dynamics Experiments
Tom Mullin at the University of Oxford introduces some of his favourite fluid dynamics experiments… covering a wide range of fluid mechanics phenomena including turbulence, wave formation, Rayleigh-Taylor instability, viscous effects, magnetism, electricity, segregation, disorder and chaos.…
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Fragile Cargo: measuring the mechanical properties of soft capsules
Our bodies are complicated networks. Our vasculature – the veins, arteries, and capillaries that shuttle blood, oxygen, and nutrients to every part of us – is itself a complex series of interconnected tubes that span a wide range of length scales.…
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2022 JFM-Flow China Symposium: from fundamentals to applied mechanics
We were excited to hold the JFM/FLOW 2022 China Symposium in Xi’an in June 2022. This is the second time Journal of Fluid Mechanics (JFM) has held a symposium in China but the first which included our new journal Flow. …
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Simulating coupled gas and power networks
In power networks with increasing shares of sustainable energy resources such as wind and solar radiation, the supply of energy is subject to natural fluctuations.…
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Mahony Neumann Room Prize 2021
About the Mahony Neumann Room Prize This prize, for outstanding contributions to the Australian Mathematical Society’s research publications, is fittingly named after the founding editors of these journals.…
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Macroscopic limit of a kinetic model describing the switch in T cell migration modes via binary interactions
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) belong to our bodies’ most effective weapons in the fight against distorted cells, such as cells infected by viruses or cancer cells.…
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Cahn-Hilliard equations on an evolving surface
The phenomenon of spontaneous isothermal phase separation in a binary alloy is described mathematically by the Cahn-Hilliard equation. It is named after John W.…
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Weathering the storm at the Qingtu Lake Observation Array
On July 25th, 2021, a wall of sand engulfed the Chinese city of Dunhuang. As the dust rolled in, the air in the city took on a nearly opaque burnt orange hue that made travel practically impossible.…
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Compositio Prize winners announced
The following was written by Gerard van der Geer, President of the Foundation Compositio Mathematica. Additional history of the Prize as well as a list of past winners can be found here.…
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A new technique for crafting optical components: easy, cheap, and fluid
Figure 1. A late-18th century lens grinding lathe made by Andrea Frati. This device currently resides at the Museo Galileo – Institute and Museum of the History of Science The device above might not look familiar, but the object it produces (or used to produce) probably would.…
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Making Waves in the Lab
When Alban Sauret and his colleagues at FAST laboratory tried to create a tsunami in a lab setting, it would be fair to say they had their work cut out.
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Unraveling the Barn Owl’s Stealthy Flight
A recent study in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics has tried to understand and model the role of porosity present in the birds' wing on the combined aerodynamic and acoustic performance.
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Machines Learning Control
A new study in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics by an international team of scientists is on the cutting edge of research.
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Fluids Writing Competition – now open!
Are you passionate about fluid mechanics and its applications? Are you looking to develop your writing skills and engage with an audience that's just as enthusiastic on the subject as you are? We have the competition for you.
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Mahony Neumann Room Prize 2020
About the Mahony Neumann Room Prize This prize, for outstanding contributions to the Australian Mathematical Society’s research publications, is fittingly named after the founding editors of those journals.…
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Approximate solutions to one-phase Stefan-like problems with space-dependent latent heat
Stefan problems are a special type of partial differential boundary value problems, introduced around 1890 by the Slovenian physicist Josef Stefan [1].…
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Watch: Ventilation and COVID-19
Experiments visualising the airflow when breathing, speaking and laughing, show that wearing a mask indoors can drastically reduce the risk of transmission of airborne particles.…
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Watch: How do Sperm Swim?
The tail (flagellum) of the sperm does not simply push the body, but uses a rhythmical beating with pushing and fraying over a 4-beat pattern, as demonstrated in the video.…
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Watch: How do Birds Fly in Strong Winds?
When navigating strong crosswinds birds adjust the angle of their body into the wind, whilst keeping their head fixed on the target destination, in order to maintain forwards motion.…
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Watch: Underwater Robots based on the Loch Ness Monster
Current underwater vehicles are either difficult to manoeuvre making them unsuitable for sensitive work, or are extremely expensive. Gabe Weymouth and his team at the University of Southampton are designing new underwater robots based on the Plesiosaur – the dinosaur behind the legend of the Loch Ness Monster – which are much smaller, cheaper and more energy efficient.…
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Watch: Simulations of Mixing Fluids
From rotating impellers stirring air into a liquid, to a turbulent jet entering a moving flow, mixing processes are essential to almost every industrial application you can think of.…
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Watch: How do Cloaking Devices Work?
When an object, such as an aircraft or submarine, moves through a fluid it generates a ‘wake’ behind it which can be used by monitoring tools to detect its size and position.…
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Watch: How Do Snakes Catch Their Prey Underwater?
When catching prey underwater snakes use two main techniques: the frontal strike and the lateral strike. By studying real snakes in the lab at ESPCI/MNHN, Marion Segall was able to recreate the setup using a 3D-printed snake head and laser visualisation techniques, which allowed for the forces involved in each strike to be measured.…
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John Ockendon 2020 Prize winner announced
The European Journal of Applied Mathematics and Cambridge University Press are pleased to award the 2020 John Ockendon Prize to B.…
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Why are we launching Higher Education from Cambridge University Press?
Higher Education from Cambridge University Press is our new online textbook website, launched in August 2020. In recent months Cambridge University Press has introduced a new set of strategies to support changing teaching and learning needs as higher education institutions prepare for a more digitally driven future in the wake of pandemic.…
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Watch: How is Toothpaste made?
The manufacturing process for toothpaste involves mixing together several fluid and solid components to create the non-Newtonian polymer used to clean your teeth.…
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Watch: Natural Ventilation of Termite Mounds
Termites live underground in termite mounds to protect themselves from the heat of the desert, but how do they keep their mounds cool?…
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Watch: Listening to Tornadoes
Before a tornado forms the pressure drop at the centre emits a dull tone at 5-10Hz which can be detected hours before it becomes dangerous.…
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The pitfalls of video calls (and how to avoid them like a pro)
Let’s face it – stepping (sitting) in front of a camera has become a staple component of working from home during the global pandemic.…
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Batchelor Prize 2020
Congratulations to Alexander J. Smits on being awarded the 2020 Batchelor Prize ‘for seminal contributions to our understanding of the structure of wall turbulence at very large Reynolds and Mach numbers, especially through the design of innovative experiments and measurement devices, and also for pioneering work on bio-inspired propulsion and on drag reduction using modified surfaces’.…
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Lecturing in Lockdown: advice from our Higher Education Panel
Many of us are discovering that working at home for a long stretch can be difficult. Staying productive and motivated is a challenge, and it is not always easy to find a routine to keep things running smoothly.…
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Watch: Spike Waves, Rogue Waves, and Hokusai’s Great Wave off Kanagawa
Rogue Waves occur when a larger wave appears in a group of smaller waves. In some circumstances these can lead to an exaggerated ‘Spike Wave’, or a crashing wave resembling the Great Wave off Kanagawa by Hokusai.…
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Alice’s Adventures in Inverse Tan Land
Alice of ‘wonderland’ and ‘looking glass’ fame is a creation of mathematician Charles Dodgson, better known by his pseudonym Lewis Carroll.…
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Watch: Smelling Underwater with the Star-Nosed Mole
Star-nosed moles are able to smell underwater by quickly exhaling and re-inhaling air bubbles as they search for prey. The bubbles are trapped close to the moles nostrils by a ring of tiny pink tentacles, which gives rise to the name ‘star-nosed’.…
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International Women’s Day 2020: Influential women in STEM
International Women’s Day 2020 falls on Sunday, 8th March this year. In the run up to this date, each week day we’ll be highlighting one woman whose accomplishments in science, technology, engineering and/or mathematics not only elevated their fields but also took us one step closer to a gender-equal world.…
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Watch: How do Jellyfish Sting?
Jellyfish stingers reach an acceleration 50 times faster than that of a bullet as they are ejected from stinging capsules under high pressure.…
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Arguing about sets
Sets are ubiquitous and familiar: children get acquainted with sets of objects surrounding them very early on; secondary school students typically encounter sets of natural numbers and sets of real numbers in their maths curriculum. …
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Q&A with Steven Gilmour, Editorial Board Member of Experimental Results, Mathematics, Statistics & Probability Section
This is the latest of an ongoing series of interviews with people involved with our new Open Access journal, Experimental Results – a forum for short research papers from experimental disciplines across Science, Technology and Medicine, providing authors with an outlet for rapid publication of small chunks of research findings with maximum visibility.…
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Watch: Tracking Beetles using the Sound of their Wings
The Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle is an invasive species that if left alone would decimate citrus crops across California. To prevent this from happening, John Allen and his team at the University of Hawai’i have been working to hunt the insects down before they are able to reach the West Coast of the USA.…
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Watch: How do Stinging Nettles Inject Poison?
The leaves of stinging nettles are covered in ‘pipette-like’ stingers which penetrate the skin on contact and deposit a small amount of poison.…
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Watch: How does Sea Ice affect Climate Change?
There is no doubt that sea ice in the polar regions is melting, but what is the exact role that this plays in the global climate system?…
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Watch – Fire and Ice: Burning Oil in the Polar Regions
One of the clean-up methods used following an oil spill is to burn the fuel on the surface of the ocean.…
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Watch: Visualising Airflow around a Sail with Experiments and Simulations
The flow of air around a sail is very different to that of a wing, but both generate significant lift force.…
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Watch: How to Reduce Drag when Cycling
Cyclists can use up to 90% of their energy overcoming drag, which was the motivation behind the work of Ivaylo Nedyalkov at the University of New Hampshire, who was able to measure the force on each individual cyclist in a train formation to determine the best position to reduce your overall drag.…
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Modelling silicosis: The structure of equilibria
Silicosis is lung disease caused by the inhalation of respirable dust that contains quartz or similar particles. These particles can embed themselves deeply in the lung and the reaction of the tissue is called silicosis.…
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Smits wins 2020 Batchelor Prize
The Batchelor Prize for 2020 is awarded to Professor Alexander J Smits, Eugene Higgins Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University
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Watch: Simulating turbulence over canopies to improve air quality
By improving our understanding of turbulent flow over canopies we can design better cities to improve air quality. This is just one of the applications of the work of Alfredo Pinelli, a professor at City University of London working on Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of turbulence.…
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Watch: Building Squid and Octopus Robots for Underwater Exploration
Current underwater vehicles are rigid in structure which limits their suitability for many tasks required for ocean exploration. Francesco Giorgio-Serchi is working with a team at the University of Southampton to design new robots based on squids and octopuses that are made entirely from silicone.…
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Watch: Why shaking your head will NOT remove water from your ear
Removing water from your ear canal by shaking requires an acceleration 10 times that of gravity according to research from Sunny Jung at Virginia Tech (now Cornell).…
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Watch: Cleaning up Oil Spills using Maths
Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010, scientists at the University of Cambridge have been studying underwater plumes to try to understand how the Earth’s rotation affects the spread of oil.…
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Watch: How do bees carry pollen?
Pollen is the main source of protein in a honey bees diet and so it’s essential that they are able to carry enough of it safely back to the hive.…
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Watch: Building bio-inspired vehicles to explore Mars
The air density on Mars is 1/100th of that on Earth which means that current airborne vehicles cannot be used to explore the planet.…
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Watch: How do dandelions spread their seeds?
How are dandelion seeds able to travel distances of over 150km across oceans, with only small feathery bristles and the power of the wind?…
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Watch: How do citrus fruits create such a strong smell?
Citrus fruits contain small pockets of liquid which burst upon contact releasing a jet of strong smelling oil into the air.…
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Compressed sensing, image reconstruction and limited measurements
Beyond its theoretical contribution, this work also has signi cant practical impact. It provides new and important insight into how to adapt and optimize the performance of compressed sensing in practical applications. It introduces a new generation of sampling strategies based on multilevel random sampling which are both theoretically optimal and outperform previous state-of-the-art approaches in practice. It has led to new approaches in MRI, NMR, uorescence microscopy and helium atom scattering which offer signi cant performance gains.
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Displacement convexity for the entropy in semi-discrete non-linear Fokker-Planck equations
In the year 1781 the problem of optimal transport was first formally discussed by the French mathematician Gaspard Monge. The major point in this field is the task of transforming a probability measure into another one in the way that consumes least energy.…
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Watch: Levitating Objects on an Air Table
Air-tables create a thin film of air capable of supporting objects and causing them to levitate. By adding grooves to the table or the object, Professor John Hinch at the University of Cambridge was able to control the objects motion and describe the resultant acceleration in terms of a simple scaling relationship involving gravity and the aspect ratio.…
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Watch: How do Insects Walk on Water?
Using the surface tension of water and a hydrophobic coating on their legs, many insects are able to walk on water.…
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Watch: How do Bubbles Freeze?
Freezing bubbles are not only beautiful, but also demonstrate incredibly complex physics. Here, Professor Jonathan Boreyko explains how bubbles freeze with examples of slow motion videos filmed in his laboratory at Virginia Tech.…
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Watch: How Strong is an Avalanche?
Measuring the forces present in an avalanche using light. Amalia Thomas from the University of Cambridge explains how to measure the forces between colliding particles in an avalanche based on their photo-elastic response and refractive index.
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Watch: Brazil Nut Effect in Avalanches and Cereal
The brazil nut effect describes the movement of large particles to the top of a container after shaking. The same effect also occurs in avalanches where large blocks of ice and rocks are seen on the surface, and in a box of cereal where the large pieces migrate to the top and the smaller dusty particles remain at the bottom.
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Watch: Martin Fourcade – the Science behind the Olympic Biathlon Skiing Champion
Five-time Olympic Biathlon Skiing Champion Martin Fourcade enlisted the help of two scientists - Caroline Cohen and Christophe Clanet at Ecole Polytechnique - to help to decide the best type of wax to use on his skis in the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics. Here's how they did it...
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Watch: How to Make Water Music – Slap, Plunge, Plow!
Female musicians from the northern islands of Vanuatu use the water surface as an instrument to create a variety of unique sounds – slap, plunge, plow – which they accompany with singing.…
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Watch: Vortex Ring Collisions and Transition to Turbulence
Vortex ring collisions are incredibly beautiful and also incredibly complex. Ryan McKeown of Harvard University explains his amazing experiments visualising colliding vortex rings and their transition to turbulence.…
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Dr Tom Crawford speaks to past winners of the Batchelor Prize
With the nomination period for the 2020 Batchelor Prize coming to a close at the end of the month (31st May 2019), Dr Tom Crawford spoke to the previous winners to find out more about the legacy of the award.
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Watch: How does stone skipping work?
By bouncing elastic spheres across the surface of Bear Lake in Utah, researchers have discovered the physics behind stone skipping. The mechanism of ‘water walking’ occurs when a deformed sphere rotates continuously across the surface of the water giving the appearance that the sphere is literally walking on water.…
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Watch: Air pollution risk of cooking oil droplets
Cooking oil in a frying pan can be dangerous when the ‘explosive’ droplets touch your skin, but new research shows that they also increase the risk of indoor air pollution if not properly ventilated.…
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How plesiosaurs ruled the ocean using their flippers
Plesiosaurs ruled the oceans during the time of the dinosaurs with specially adapted flippers that enabled them to swim faster and with greater efficiency than any other animal.…
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New editor Q&A: Rhonda Righter of UC Berkeley
Rhonda Righter is joining the editorial board of the journal Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences. She brings with her a wealth of knowledge in the area of stochastic modelling and optimization; read her full biography here.…
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