Birds harbor more infections at higher latitudes
A host organism typically harbors more than one parasitic species in or on its body, a phenomenon known as a coinfection. This can lead to worse symptoms, if there are compounded impacts of multiple infections. Alternatively, disease outcomes may be ameliorated if the parasites are in competition with each other. Given the variable impacts of coinfection on host and parasites, it is important to understand the spatial distribution of coinfections and the underlying drivers of these patterns.
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