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6 - Chimpanzees – Investigating Cognition in the Wild

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2018

By
Roman M. Wittig  and
Catherine Crockford
Edited by
Nereida Bueno-Guerra  and
Federica Amici
Nereida Bueno-Guerra
Affiliation:
Comillas Pontifical University
Federica Amici
Affiliation:
Universität Leipzig
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Summary

Chimpanzees are one of our closest living relative. Like humans, they live in multi-male multi-female communities following fission-fusion dynamics. Their evolutionary and social closeness makes them a perfect target to investigate the evolutionary roots of human cognition. Although chimpanzee cognition has been studied extensively, most research has been conducted in captivity. Since cognition is supposed to be shaped by the ecological and social environment, here we mainly review cognitive studies on wild chimpanzees. Chimpanzees in the wild use a wide range of social and physical cognition to gain knowledge about others, cooperate with conspecifics, and use their spatial knowledge and knowledge about tool properties. We then review different methods to investigate cognitive abilities in wild chimpanzees, in order to introduce readers to the different possible experimental set-ups. We finally discuss the advantages and problems of play-back experiments, object presentations and combinations of the two approaches. We want to provide readers with the knowledge that the investigation of many ecological relevant question in cognition needs a natural setup, allowing chimpanzees to draw from experience shaped by natural pressure.
Type
Chapter
Information
Field and Laboratory Methods in Animal Cognition
A Comparative Guide
 , pp. 119 - 145
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

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