Wheezing

doi:10.1017/9781009500760.026

Chapter 26 - Wheezing

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 April 2026

Michael Jones and

Jennifer Wang

Edited by

Angela Bray Lindsay and

Monica Kathleen Wattana

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Angela Bray Lindsay: Affiliation:
Virginia Commonwealth University
Monica Kathleen Wattana: Affiliation:
University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center

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Summary

1. Transfusion-associated cardiovascular overload (TACO) is most common in critically ill patients receiving a large amount or rapid infusion of blood products who have a history of cardiac or renal dysfunction.

2. TACO will present with signs of fluid overload, including tachypnea, hypoxia, jugular venous distention (JVD), and/or rales on exam.

3. Bedside ultrasound and chest x-ray can be useful in the diagnosis of TACO.

4. Treatment of TACO consists of oxygenation and ventilation as needed, diuretics, and pausing transfusion until the patient’s fluid status is optimized.

5. To reduce risk of TACO in high risk patients, blood given should be limited to what is necessary, rates should be reduced, and diuresis during/after should be considered.

Keywords

Transfusion Reaction Transfusion Associated Cardiovascular Overload Shortness of Breath Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury Anemia Requiring Transfusion Febrile Transfusion Reaction Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction Allergic Transfusion Reaction Oncologic Emergency Hematology

Information

Type: Chapter
Information: Oncologic Emergency Medicine
Clinical Cases Illustrating Key Concepts
, pp. 127 - 132

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009500760.026 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2026

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