This volume of new essays offers a substantial, systematic and detailed analysis of how various Aristotelian doctrines are central to and yet in important ways transformed by Kant's thought. The essays present new avenues for understanding many of Kant's signature doctrines, such as transcendental idealism, the argument of the Transcendental Deduction, and the idea that moral law is given to us as a 'fact of reason,' as well as a number of other topics of central importance to Kant's theoretical and practical philosophy, including self-consciousness, objective validity, the Principle of Sufficient Reason, virtue, and the moral significance of the consequences of action. Two introductory essays outline the volume's central exegetical commitments and anchor its approach in the immediate historical context. The resulting volume emphasizes the continuities between Kant's Critical philosophy and the Scholastic-Aristotelian tradition, and presents, for the first time, a synoptic overview of this new, 'Aristotelian' reading of Kant.