Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 6
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
June 2012
Print publication year:
2009
Online ISBN:
9780511803598

Book description

This provocative book shows how the United States Supreme Court has used constitutional history in church-state cases. Donald L. Drakeman describes the ways in which the justices have portrayed the framers' actions in a light favoring their own views about how church and state should be separated. He then marshals the historical evidence, leading to a surprising conclusion about the original meaning of the First Amendment's establishment clause: the framers originally intended the establishment clause only as a prohibition against a single national church. In showing how conventional interpretations have gone astray, he casts light on the close relationship between religion and government in America and brings to life a fascinating parade of church-state constitutional controversies from the founding era to the present.

Reviews

'To a crowded field of scholarship Don Drakeman has contributed a real gem. His Church, State, and Original Intent is expertly researched. Drakeman has found some new and intriguing clues to the original understanding of the Religion Clauses. He also offers fresh and persuasive interpretations of familiar evidence. And the book is a great read; Drakeman is a gifted story-teller.'

Gerard Bradley - University of Notre Dame

'No provision of the U.S. Constitution, the Supreme Court has said, is more illuminated by its generating history than the First Amendment prohibition on laws ‘respecting an establishment of religion'. Without a partisan agenda, Donald L. Drakeman thoughtfully, thoroughly, and expertly revisits the original meaning of the prohibition on a national establishment, pursuing new lines of inquiry, delving into long forgotten or ignored evidence, and challenging long-held assumptions. He casts new light on the historians and historical accounts that have influenced the Court’s interpretation of the constitutional provisions governing church-state relationships. Church, State, and Original Intent is indispensable reading for anyone interested in religious liberty or church-state relations in the American experience.'

Daniel L. Dreisbach - American University and author of Thomas Jefferson and the Wall of Separation Between Church and State

'For too long, an incomplete narrative has shaped – and misshaped – the Supreme Court’s doctrines and our public conversations about the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause. In this book, Donald Drakeman provides a timely and thorough corrective to that narrative. He carefully scrapes away the political agendas, ideological commitments, and ‘law office history’ that have too often obscured from view the Clause’s original meaning. Drakeman’s project, therefore, is both provocative and liberating: he unsettles our many unfounded assumptions and, by helping us to see the First Amendment clearly and in context, he challenges us to re-think that provision’s place in our continuing debates about the proper relationship between church and state.'

Richard W. Garnett - University of Notre Dame Law School

'This devastating critique of the Supreme Court’s use of history should be read by everyone concerned with religious freedom in particular and jurisprudence in general. Through meticulous original research, Drakeman exposes the anti-Catholic foundation of the Court’s ‘wall of separation’ between church and state. His provocative account of the Court’s seminal church-state decisions and his thoughtful interpretation of the Establishment Clause’s original meaning will engage church-state scholars and enlighten all those interested in American constitutional history.'

Vincent Phillip Muñoz - University of Notre Dame

'Church, State, and Original Intent is an ambitious book that addresses a number of issues within legal history and philosophy, constitutional law, and law and religion more generally. At its finest, the book draws these different fields together into a wide ranging thesis that challenges established conversations about the relationship between law and religion within the Americanconstitutional framework. By questioning the accumulated weight of scholarly assumptions, Drakeman clears space for law and religion scholarship to move in new and creative directions.'

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Religion

'This is a text that will interest anyone searching for an understanding of the sources of tension the United States faces in complying with the establishment clause …'

Source: Theological Book Review

'Donald Drakeman has produced a rich and nuanced history of the First Amendment clause on religion from the debates surrounding its adoption in 1791 to the present … The results of his labor will challenge any reader to re-examine his or her thoughts on the meaning of those deceptively simple words: ‘Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof'.'

Borden Painter Source: Reviews in Religion and Theology

'… convincing and fine scholarship …'

Source: Reviews in Religion and Theology

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

Bibliography
Cases
Abington School District v. Schemp, 374 U.S. 203 (1963)
Adamson v. California, 332 U.S. 46 (1947)
Avery v. Tyringham, 3 Mass. 160 (1807)
Barnes v. Falmouth, 6 Mass. 401 (1810)
Barron v. Baltimore, 32 U.S. 243 (1833)
Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)
Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997)
Boyd v. United States, 116 U.S. 616 (1886)
Bradfield v. Roberts, 175 U.S. 291 (1899)
Cantwell v. Connecticut, 310 U.S. 296 (1940)
Cochran v. Louisiana State Board of Education, 281 U.S. 370 (1930)
Davis v. Beason, 133 U.S. 333 (1890)
Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, 542 U.S. 1 (2004)
Employment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990)
Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962)
Everson v. Board of Education, 132 N.J.L. 98 (1944)
Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947), reh. denied 330 U.S. 855 (1947)
Ex Parte Curtis, 106 U.S. 371 (1882)
Ex Parte Jackson, 96 U.S. 727 (1878)
Gonzalez v. O Centro Espirita Beneficiente Uniao DoVegetal (UDV), No. 04-1084 (February 21, 2006)
Juilliard v. Greenman, 110 U.S. 421 (1884)
Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992)
Knowlton v. Moore, 178 U.S. 41 (1900)
McCollum v. Board of Education, 333 U.S. 203 (1948)
McCreary v. American Civil Liberties Union, No. 03-1693 (June 27, 2005)
McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. 316 (1819)
Maddox v. Maddox's Administration, 52 Va. 804 (1854)
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803)
Martin v. Martin's Executor, 20 N.J. Eq. 421 (1870)
Mitchell v. Helms, 530 U.S. 793 (2000)
Mormon Church v. United States, 136 U.S. 1 (1890)
Moseley v. Victoria's Secret Catalogue, Inc., 537 U.S. 418 (2003)
Munn v. Illinois, 94 U.S. 113 (1877)
National Mutual Insurance Co. v. Tidewater Transfer Co., 337 U.S. 582 (1949)
The People v. Ruggles, 8 Johns. 290 (1811)
Permoli v. Municipality No. 1, New Orleans, 44 U.S. 589 (1845)
Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S. 510 (1925)
Potter v. Murray City, 760 F.2d 1065 (10th Cir., 1985)
Reuben Quick Bear v. Leupp, 210 U.S. 50 (1908)
Reynolds v. United States, 98 U.S. 145 (1879)
Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company, 118 U.S. 394 (1886)
State of Utah v. Holm, Supreme Court of Utah, No. 20030847 (May 16, 2006)
Terrett v. Taylor, 13 U.S. 43 (1815)
Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38 (1985)
Walz v. Tax Commission, 397 U.S. 664 (1970)
Watson v. Jones, 13 Wall. 679 (1871)
Articles and Chapters
Abrams, Paula. “The Little Red School House: Pierce, State Monopoly of Education, and the Politics of Intolerance.” Constitutional Commentary 20 (2003–4): 61–96.
Alito, Samuel A.The Released Time Cases Revisited: A Study of Group Decisionmaking by the Supreme Court.” Yale Law Journal 83 (1973–4): 1202–36.
Amar, Akhil Reed. “Some Notes on the Establishment Clause.” Roger Williams University Law Review 2 (1996–7): 1–14.
American Mercury, July 14, 1803.
Arkin, Marc M.Regionalism and the Religion Clauses: The Contribution of Fisher Ames.” Buffalo Law Review 47 (Spring 1999): 763–828.
Ball, William Bentley. “Litigating Everson after Everson.” In Formicola and Morken, Everson Revisited, 219–29.
Banner, Stuart. “When Christianity Was Part of the Common Law.” Law and History Review 16, no. 1 (Spring 1998): 27–62.
Barton, Benjamin Hoorn. “Religion-Based Peremptory Challenges after Barton v. Kentucky and J. E. B. v. Alabama: An Equal Protection and First Amendment Analysis.” Michigan Law Review 94 (1995): 191–216.
Berger, Raoul. “‘Original Intention’ in Historical Perspective.” George Washington Law Review 54 (1985–6): 296–337.
Bonomi, Patricia U., and Eisenstadt, Peter R.. “Church Adherence in the Eighteenth Century British American Colonies.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 39, no. 2 (April 1982): 245–86.
Borden, Morton. “The Christian Amendment.” Civil War History 25, no. 2 (1979): 156–67.
Bork, Robert. “Slouching Towards Miers.” Wall Street Journal, October 19, 2005, sec. A.
Botein, Stephen. “Religious Dimensions of the Early American State.” In Beyond Confederation: Origins of the Constitution and American National Identity, edited by Beeman, Richard, Botein, Stephen, and Carter II, Edward C., 315–32. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987.
Bowling, Kenneth R.‘A Tub to the Whale’: The Founding Fathers and Adoption of the Federal Bill of Rights.” Journal of the Early Republic 8, no. 3 (Autumn 1988): 223–51.
Boyd, Julian P.Roger Sherman: Portrait of a Cordwainer Statesman.” New England Quarterly 5, no. 2 (April 1932): 221–36.
Bradley, Gerard V.Imagining the Past and Remembering the Future: The Supreme Court's History of the Establishment Clause.” Connecticut Law Review 18 (1986): 827–44.
Brant, Irving. “Madison: On the Separation of Church and State.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 8 (1951): 4–24.
Brant, Irving. “Mr. Justice Rutledge – the Man.” Iowa Law Review 35 (1949–50): 544–65.
Brekus, Catherine A.Harriet Livermore, the Pilgrim Stranger: Female Preaching and Biblical Feminism in Early-Nineteenth-Century America.” Church History 65, no. 3 (September 1996): 389–404.
Buckley, Thomas E.After Disestablishment: Thomas Jefferson's Wall of Separation in Antebellum Virginia.” Journal of Southern History 61, no. 3 (August 1995): 445–80.
Buckley, Thomas E., , S.J. “The Religious Rhetoric of Thomas Jefferson.” In The Founders on God and Government, edited by Dreisbach, Daniel, Hall, Mark D., and Morrison, Jeffry H., 53–82. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 2004.
Burnett, Sarah. “Delegation to Deliver State's ‘Official Regret’ to Mormon Church in Utah.” Chicago Daily Herald, April 11, 2004. http://www.dailyherald.com/searc/main_story.asp?intID=3808434.
Burrage, Henry S.Review of The Rise of Religious Liberty in America.” American Journal of Sociology 8, no. 2 (September 1902): 273–6.
Butler, Jon. “Why Revolutionary America Wasn't a ‘Christian Nation.’” In Religion and the New Republic: Faith in the Founding of America, edited by Hutson, James H., 187–202. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000.
Casto, William. “Oliver Ellsworth's Calvinism: A Biographical Essay on Religion and Political Psychology in the Early Republic.” Journal of Church and State 36, no. 2 (Summer 1994).
Casto, William. “Oliver Ellsworth's Calvinist Vision of Church and State in the Early Republic.” In The Forgotten Founders on Church and State, edited by Hall, Mark David, Dreisbach, Daniel L., and Morrison, Jeffry. South Bend, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 2009.
Choper, Jesse. “Defining Religion in the First Amendment.” Illinois Law Review 1982 (1982): 579–613.
Christian, George L.Reminiscences of Some of the Dead of the Bench and Bar of Richmond.” Virginia Law Register 14, no. 10 (February 1909).
Compston, Christine L. “The Serpentine Wall: Judicial Decision Making in the Supreme Court Cases Involving Aid to Sectarian Schools.” Ph.D. diss., University of New Hampshire, 1986.
Conkle, Daniel O.Toward a General Theory of the Establishment Clause.” Northwestern University Law Review 82 (1987–8): 1113–94.
Corwin, Edward. “The Supreme Court as National School Board.” Law and Contemporary Problems 14 (1949): 3–22.
Curry, Thomas John. “The First Freedoms: The Development of the Concepts of Religion and Establishment.” Ph.D. diss., Claremont Graduate School, 1983.
Cushing, John D.Notes on Disestablishment in Massachusetts, 1780–1833.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 26, no. 2 (April 1969): 169–90.
DeForrest, Mark Edward. “An Overview and Evaluation of State Blaine Amendments: Origins, Scope, and First Amendment Concerns.” Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 26 (Spring 2003): 551–626.
Dewey, Donald O.James Madison Helps Clio Interpret the Constitution.” American Journal of Legal History 15, no. 1 (January 1971): 38–55.
Dickson, Charles Ellis. “Jeremiads in the New American Republic: The Case of National Fasts in the John Adams Administration.” New England Quarterly 60, no. 2 (June 1987): 187–207.
Diman, J. L.Religion in America, 1776–1876.” North American Review 122, no. 250 (January 1876): 1–47.
Douglas, Elisha P.Fisher Ames, Spokesman for New England Federalism.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 103, no. 5 (October 15, 1959): 693–715.
Doyle, Arthur Conan. “The Adventures of Silver Blaze.” Reprinted in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, 291–306. Ware, U.K.: Wordsworth Editions, 1992.
Drake, Ella Wells. “Choctaw Academy: Richard M. Johnson and the Business of Indian Education.” Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 91 (Summer 1993): 260–97.
Dreisbach, Daniel L.A New Perspective on Jefferson's Views on Church-State Religious Freedom in its Legislative Context.” American Journal of Legal History 35 (April 1991): 172–204.
Dreisbach, Daniel L. “Church-State Debate in the Virginia Legislature: From the Declaration of Rights to the Statute Establishing Religious Freedom.” In Sheldon and Dreisbach, Religion and Political Culture, 135–51.
Dreisbach, Daniel L.The Constitution's Forgotten Religion Clause: Reflections on the Article VI Religious Test Ban.” Journal of Church and State 38 (1996): 261–95.
Dreisbach, Daniel L. “Everson and the Command of History: The Supreme Court Lessons of History, and Church-State Debate in America.” In Formicola and Morken, Everson Revisited, 23–57.
Dreisbach, Daniel L.In Search of a Christian Commonwealth: An Examination of Selected Nineteenth-Century Commentaries on References to God and the Christian Religion in the United States Constitution.” Baylor Law Review 48 (1996): 927–1000.
Dreisbach, Daniel L.Thomas Jefferson and Bills Number 82–86 of the Revision of the Laws of Virginia, 1776–1786: New Light on the Jeffersonian Model of Church-State Relations.” North Carolina Law Review 69 (1990): 159–212.
Dussias, Allison M.Geographically-based and Membership-based Views of Indian Tribal Sovereignty: The Supreme Court's Changing Vision.” University of Pittsburgh Law Review 55 (1993): 159–212.
Dussias, Allison M.Ghost Dance and Holy Ghost: The Echoes of Nineteenth-Century Christianization in Twentieth-Century Native American Free Exercise Cases.” Stanford Law Review 49 (1996–7): 773–852.
Esbeck, Carl H.Dissent and Disestablishment: The Church-State Settlement in the Early American Republic.” Brigham Young University Law Review 2004, no. 4: 1385–1592.
Fair, Daryl R. “The Everson Case in the Context of New Jersey Politics.” In Formicola and Morken, Everson Revisited, 1–22.
Fair, Daryl R.Remove from the Schoolhouse.” New Jersey History 99 (Spring/ Summer 1981): 49–65.
Fairman, Charles, and Morrison, Stanley. “Does the Fourteenth Amendment Incorporate the Bill of Rights?Stanford Law Review 2 (1949): 5–173.
Fessenden, Tracy. “The Nineteenth-Century Bible Wars and the Separation of Church and State.” Church History 74, no. 4 (December 2005): 784–811.
Finke, Roger, and Stark, Rodney. “How the Upstart Sects Won America: 1776– 1850.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 28, no. 1 (1989): 27–44.
Finkelman, Paul. “James Madison and the Bill of Rights: A Reluctant Paternity.” Supreme Court Review 1990: 301–47.
Fleet, Elizabeth. “Madison's ‘Detached Memoranda.’William and Mary Quarterly 3 (1946): 534–68.
Foner, Eric. “The Supreme Court's Legal History.” Rutgers Law Journal 23 (1991–2): 243–8.
Formicola, Jo Renee. “Catholic Jurisprudence on Education.” In Formicola and Morken, Everson Revisited, 83–102.
Formicola, Jo Renee. “Everson Revisited: ‘this is not…just a little case over bus fares.’Polity 38, no. 1 (Fall 1995): 49–66.
“From the Albany Register.” Reprinted in the Vermont Mirror, April 13, 1814.
Fuchs, Ralph F.The Judicial Art of Wiley B. Rutledge.” Washington University Quarterly 28 (1942–3): 115–46.
Gaffney, Edward M.Political Divisiveness along Religious Lines: The Entanglement of the Court in Sloppy History and Bad Public Policy.” St. Louis University Law Journal 24 (1980): 205–36.
George, Robert P.Protecting Religious Liberty in the Next Millennium: Should We Amend the Religion Clauses of the Constitution?Loyola Los Angeles Law Review 32 (1998–9): 27–50.
Gergel, Richard, and Gergel, Belinda. “‘A bright new era now dawns upon us’: Jewish Economic Opportunities, Religious Freedom, and Political Rights in Colonial and Antebellum South Carolina.” In Underwood and Burke, Dawn of Religious Freedom, 95–113.
Gey, Steven G.More or Less Bunk: The Establishment Clause Answers That History Doesn't Provide.” Brigham Young University Law Review 2004: 1005–30.
Glenn, Gary D.Forgotten Purposes of the First Amendment Religion Clauses.” Review of Politics 49, no. 3 (Summer 1987): 340–67.
Grasso, Kenneth L.John Courtney Murray, ‘The Juridical State,’ and the Catholic Theory of Religious Freedom.” Political Science Reviewer 33 (2004): 1–61.
Green, Steven K.‘Bad History’: The Lure of History in Establishment Clause Adjudication.” Notre Dame Law Review 81 (2005–6): 1717–54.
Green, Steven K.The Blaine Amendment Reconsidered.” American Journal of Legal History 36, no. 1 (January 1992): 38–69.
Green, Steven K.Federalism and the Establishment Clause: A Reassessment.” Creighton Law Review 38 (2005): 761–98.
Greenawalt, Kent. “Religion as a Concept in Constitutional Law.” California Law Review 72 (1984): 753–816.
Hall, Mark David. “Jeffersonian Walls and Madisonian Lines: The Supreme Court's Use of History in Religion Clause Cases.” Oregon Law Review 85 (2006): 563–614.
Hamburger, Philip A.A Constitutional Right of Religious Exemption: An Historical Perspective.” George Washington Law Review 60 (1992): 915–48.
Hamburger, Philip A.Equality and Diversity: The Eighteenth-Century Debate about Equal Rights and Equal Protection.” Supreme Court Review 1992: 347–55.
Hanchett, William. “The Blue Law Gospel in Gold Rush California.” Pacific Historical Review 24, no. 4 (November 1955): 361–8.
Handler, Milton. “Are the State Antidilution Laws Compatible with the National Protection of Trademarks?The Trademark Reporter 75 (1985): 269–87.
Heclo, Hugh. “Is America a Christian Nation?Political Science Quarterly 122, no. 1 (Spring 2007): 59–87.
Heytens, Toby S.School Choice and State Constitutions.” Virginia Law Review86 (2000): 117–62.
Howard, A. E. Dick. “Up Against the Wall: The Uneasy Separation of Church and State.” In Church, State, and Politics. Washington, D.C.: Roscoe Pound-American Trial Lawyers Foundation, 1981.
Howard, A. E. Dick. “The Wall of Separation: The Supreme Court as Uncertain Stonemason.” In Religion and the State: Essays in Honor of Leo Pfeffer, edited by Wood, Jr. James E.Waco, Tex.: Baylor University Press, 1985.
Howison, Robert Reid. “Dueling in Virginia.” William and Mary Quarterly 4 (1924): 218–44.
Hoxie, Elizabeth F.Harriet Livermore: Vixen and Devotee.” New England Quarterly 18, no. 1 (March 1945): 39–50.
Hunt, Gaillard. “The Virginia Declaration of Rights and Cardinal Bellarmine.” Catholic Historical Review 3 (October 1917): 276–89.
Hutson, James H.The Creation of the Constitution: The Integrity of the Documentary Record.” Texas Law Review65 (1986): 1–40.
Hutson, James H.Thomas Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists: A Controversy Rejoined.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 56, no. 4 (October 1999): 775–90.
Ingber, Stanley. “Religion or Ideology: A Needed Clarification of the Religion Clauses.” Stanford Law Review41 (1989): 233–334.
“Is Polygamy a Crime?” New York Times, November 14, 1878.
Isaac, Rhys. “‘The Rage of Malice of the Old Serpent Devil’: The Dissenters and the Making and Remaking of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom.” In Peterson and Vaughn, Virginia Statute, 139–70.
James, Jonathan Milnor. “The Making of a Vice President: The National Political Career of Richard M. Johnson of Kentucky.” Ph.D. diss., University of Memphis, 1998.
“Jefferson's Church-State Views Debated: Thomas Jefferson, Library of Congress Exhibit Controversy.” Christian Century, August 26, 1998.
Jeffries, John C., and Ryan, James E.. “A Political History of the Establishment Clause.” Michigan Law Review 100 (2001–2): 279–370.
John, Richard R.Taking Sabbatarianism Seriously: The Postal System, the Sabbath, and the Transformation of American Political Culture.” Journal of the Early Republic 10, no. 4 (Winter 1990): 517–67.
Jortner, Adam. “Cholera, Christ, and Jackson: The Epidemic of 1832 and the Origins of Christian Politics in Antebellum America.” Journal of the Early Republic 27 (Summer 2007): 233–64.
Kauper, Paul G.Everson v. Board of Education: A Product of the Judicial Will.” Arizona Law Review 15 (1973): 307–26.
Kauper, Paul G., and Ellis, Stephen C.. “Religious Corporations and the Law.” Michigan Law Review 71 (August 1973): 1499–1574.
Ketcham, Ralph L. “James Madison and Religion: A New Hypothesis.” In James Madison on Religious Liberty, edited by Alley, Robert S., 175–96. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1985.
Kelly, Albert H.Clio and the Court.” Supreme Court Review 1965: 119–58.
Konvitz, Martin R.Separation of Church and State: The First Freedom.” Law and Contemporary Problems 14 (Winter 1949): 44–60.
Kurland, Philip B.The Origins of the Religion Clauses of the Constitution.” William and Mary Law Review 27 (1985–6): 839–62.
Lash, Kurt T.Power and the Subject of Religion.” Ohio State Law Journal 59 (1998): 1069–1154.
Lash, Kurt T.The Second Adoption of the Establishment Clause: The Rise of the Nonestablishment Principle.” Arizona State Law Journal 27 (1995): 1085–1154.
Lash, Kurt T., and Harrison, Alicia. “Minority Report: John Marshall and the Defense of the Alien and Sedition Acts.” Ohio State Law Journal 68 (2007): 435–516.
Laurie, Jonathan. “The Fourteenth Amendment Use and Application in Selected State Court Civil Liberties Cases, 1870–1890 – A Preliminary Assessment.” American Journal of Legal History 28, no. 4 (October 1984): 295–313.
Lawrence, William. “The Law of Religious Societies and Church Corporations in Ohio.” American Law Register (1852–1891) 21, no. 4 (April 1873): 201–223.
Lawson, Gary. “Delegation and Original Meaning.” Virginia Law Review 88 (2002): 327–404.
Laycock, Douglas. “The Origins of the Religion Clauses of the Constitution: ‘Nonpreferential’ Aid to Religion: A False Claim about Original Intent.” William and Mary Law Review 27 (Summer 1986): 875–924.
Leibiger, Stuart. “James Madison and Amendments to the Constitution, 1787–1789: Parchment Barriers.” Journal of Southern History 59, no. 3 (August 1993): 441–68.
Levitan, David M.Mr. Justice Rutledge.” Virginia Law Review 34 (1948): 393–416.
Lippy, Charles H.The 1780 Massachusetts Constitution: Religious Establishment or Civil Religion?Journal of Church and State 20 (1978): 533–49.
Loconte, Joseph. “Faith and the Founding: The Influence of Religion on the Politics of James Madison.” Journal of Church and State 45 (2003): 699–715.
Lofgren, Charles A. “The Original Understanding of Original Intent.” In Rakove, Interpreting the Constitution, 117–50.
McConnell, Michael W.Establishment and Disestablishment at the Founding, Part I: Establishment of Religion.” William and Mary Law Review 44 (2003): 2105–208.
McConnell, Michael W. “Free Exercise as the Framers Understood It.” In The Bill of Rights: Original Meaning and Current Understanding, edited by Hickock, Jr. Eugene W., 54–69. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1991.
McConnell, Michael W.The Origin of Historical Understanding of Free Exercise of Religion.” Harvard Law Review 103 (1990): 1409–1517.
McGreevy, John T.Thinking on One's Own: Catholicism in the American Intellectual Imagination, 1928–1960.” Journal of American History 84 (1977): 97–131.
McLoughlin, William G.The Balkom Case (1792) and the Pietistic Theory of Separation of Church and State.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 24 (April 1967): 267–83.
Magrath, C. Peter. “Chief Justice Waite and the Twin Relic: Reynolds v. United States.” Vanderbilt Law Review 18 (1965): 507–44.
Malsberger, John W.The Political Thought of Fisher Ames.” Journal of the Early Republic 2, no. 1 (Spring 1982): 1–20.
Martin, Jonathan D.Historians at the Gate: Accommodating Expert Historical Testimony in Federal Courts.” New York University Law Review 78 (2003): 1518–49.
Meiklejohn, Alexander. “Educational Cooperation Between Church and State.” Law and Contemporary Problems 14 (1949): 61–72.
Miller, Henry T.Constitutional Fiction: An Analysis of the Supreme Court's Interpretation of the Religion Clauses.” Louisiana Law Review 47 (1986–7): 169–98.
Miller, Robert T.A Jury of One's Godless Peers.” First Things, no. 141 (March 2004): 11–13.
Mills, Reginald S. “Robert Baylor Semple: A Study in Baptist Denominational Development, 1790–1831.” Ph.D. diss., Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1986.
Mitchell, Frederic, and Skelton, James W.. “The Church-State Conflict in Early Indian Education.” History of Education Quarterly 6, no. 1 (Spring 1966): 41–51.
Moore, R. Laurence. “Bible Reading and Nonsectarian Schooling: The Failure of Religious Instruction in Nineteenth-Century Public Education.” Journal of American History 86 (March 2000): 1581–1600.
Morison, Samuel Eliot. “The Struggle over the Adoption of the Constitution of Massachusetts, 1780.” Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings 50 (1916–17): 353–412.
Morrison, A. J.Dr. Howison's Autobiography.” William and Mary Quarterly 26, no. 4 (April 1918): 219–20.
Morrison, Jeffry H.John Witherspoon and ‘The Public Interest of Religion.’Journal of Church and State 41 (1999): 551–73.
Mun˜oz, Vincent Phillip. “James Madison's Principle of Religious Liberty.” American Political Science Review 97, no. 1 (February 2003): 17–32.
Mun˜oz, Vincent Phillip. “The Original Meaning of the Establishment Clause and the Impossibility of Its Incorporation.” University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law 8 (2006): 585–640.
Mun˜oz, Vincent Phillip. “Religious Liberty and the American Founding.” Intercollegiate Review 38, no. 2 (Spring–Summer 2003): 33–43.
Murphy, Paul L.Time to Reclaim: The Current Challenge of American Constitutional History.” American Historical Review 69, no. 1 (October 1963): 64–79.
Murray, John Courtney. “Law or Prepossessions.” Law and Contemporary Problems 14 (1949): 23–43.
Natelson, Robert G.The Original Meaning of the Establishment Clause.” William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal 14 (October 2005): 73–140.
New York Commercial Advertiser, April 29, 1820.
Noonan, John T. “Quota of Imps.” In Peterson and Vaughn, Virginia Statute, 171–200.
O'Brien, F. William. “The States and ‘No Establishment’: Proposed Amendments to the Constitution since 1798.” Washburn Law Journal 4 (1964–5): 183–210.
O'Neill, James M.Nonpreferential Aid to Religion is not an Establishment of Religion.” Buffalo Law Review 2 (1952–3): 242–66.
“Originalism, Democracy, and the Constitution – Symposium on Law and Public Policy – 1995.” Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 19 (1995–6): 237–532.
Padgett, James A., ed. “The Letters of Colonel Richard M. Johnson of Kentucky.” Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 39 (1941).
Paulsen, Michael Stokes. “How to Interpret the Constitution (and How Not To).” Yale Law Journal 115 (2006): 2037–66.
Paulsen, Michael Stokes. “The Intrinsically Corrupting Influence of Precedent.” Constitutional Commentary 22 (2005): 289–98.
Paulsen, Michael Stokes. “The Irrepressible Myth of Marbury.” Michigan Law Review 101 (2003): 2706–43.
Paulsen, Michael Stokes. “The Most Dangerous Branch: Executive Power to Say What the Law Is.” Georgetown Law Journal 83 (1994): 217–57.
Peters, Thomas Nathan. “Religion, Establishment, and the Northwest Ordinance: A Closer Look at an Accommodationist Argument.” Kentucky Law Journal 89 (2000–1): 743–80.
Pfeffer, Leo. “Church and State: Something Less Than Separation.” University of Chicago Law Review 19 (Autumn 1951): 1–29.
Pfeffer, Leo. “Madison's ‘Detached Memoranda’: Then and Now.” In Peterson and Vaughn, Virginia Statute, 283–312.
Pfeffer, Leo. “No Law Respecting an Establishment of Religion.” Buffalo Law Review 2 (1952–3): 225–41.
Porth, William C., and Grange, Robert P.. “Trimming the Ivy: A Bicentennial Re-examination of the Establishment Clause.” West Virginia Law Review 90 (1987–8): 109–70.
Post, Leonard. “Lawyers Square Off over Polygamy Case.” National Law Journal, January 20, 2004.
Powe, L. A.(Re)introducing Wiley Rutledge.” Journal of Supreme Court History 29 (2004).
Powell, H. Jefferson. “The Original Understanding of Original Intent.” Harvard Law Review 98 (March 1985): 885–948. Reprinted in Rakove, Interpreting the Constitution, 53–115.
Powell, H. Jefferson. “Rules for Originalists.” Virginia Law Review 73 (1987): 659–700.
Prince, Carl E.Review.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 50, no. 2 (April 1993): 452–5.
Rainbolt, John Corbin. “The Struggle to Define ‘Religious Liberty’ in Maryland, 1776–85.” Journal of Church and State 17 (1975): 443–58.
Rakove, Jack N.Confessions of an Ambivalent Originalist.” New York University Law Review78 (2003): 1346–56.
Rakove, Jack N. “Mr. Meese, Meet Mr. Madison.” In Rakove, Interpreting the Constitution, 179–96.
Rakove, Jack N. “Once More into Breach: Reflections on Jefferson, Madison, and the Religion Problem.” In Making Good Citizens: Education and Civil Society, edited by Ravitch, Diane and Viteritti, Joseph, 233–62. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2001.
Reid, John Phillip. “Law and History.” Loyola Los Angeles Law Review 27 (1993–4): 193–223.
Reiss, David. “Jefferson and Madison as Icons in Judicial History: A Study of Religion Clause Jurisprudence.” Maryland Law Review 61 (2002): 94–176.
“Rethinking the Incorporation of the Establishment Clause: A Federalist View.” Harvard Law Review 7 (1992): 1700–719.
Rohrer, James R.Sunday Mails and the Church-State Theme in Jacksonian America.” Journal of the Early Republic 7, no. 1 (Spring 1987): 53–74.
Rosen, Jeffrey. “The Dissenter.” New York Times Magazine, September 23, 2007.
Rouse, Shelley D.Colonel Dick Johnson's Choctaw Academy: A Forgotten Educational Experiment.” Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly 25 (January 1916): 88–117.
Rubenfeld, Jed. “Antidisestablishmentarianism: Why RFRA Really Was Unconstitutional.” Michigan Law Review 95 (1996–7): 2347–84.
Scalia, Antonin. “Originalism: The Lesser Evil.” University of Cincinnati Law Review 57 (1989): 849–66.
Schaff, Philip. “Church and State in the United States.” In Papers of the American Historical Association 2, no. 4. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1888.
Schechter, Frank I., “Rational Basis of Trademark Protection.” Harvard Law Review 40 (1927): 813–33.
Schmidt, Leigh Eric. “Church-State Relations in the Colonial South.” In Wilson, Church and State in America, 75–114.
Scott, Arthur P.The Constitutional Aspects of the ‘Parson's Cause.’Political Science Quarterly 31, no. 4 (December 1916): 558–77.
Sekulow, Jay Alan, and Tedesco, Jeremy. “The Story Behind Vidal v. Girard's Executors: Joseph Story, the Philadelphia Bible Riots, and Religious Liberty.” Pepperdine Law Review 32 (2005): 605–46.
Sexton, John. “Of Walls, Gardens, Wildernesses, and Original Intent: Religion and the First Amendment.” In America in Theory, edited by Berlowitz, Leslie, Donoghue, Denis, and Menand, Louis, 84–109. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988).
Sherry, Suzanna. “The Indeterminacy of Historical Evidence.” Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 19 (1995–6): 437–42.
Shiels, Richard D.The Feminization of American Congregationalism, 1730–1835.” American Quarterly 33 (1981): 46–62.
Smith, Rodney K.Getting Off on the Wrong Foot and Back on Again: A Reexamination of the Religion Clauses of the First Amendment and a Critique of the Reynolds and Everson Decisions.” Wake Forest Law Review 20 (1984): 569–644.
Smith, Steven D.The Jurisdictional Establishment Clause: A Reappraisal.” Notre Dame Law Review 91 (2005–6): 1843–94.
Snee, Joseph M.Religious Disestablishment and the Fourtheenth Amendment.” Washington University Law Quarterly (December 1954): 371–407.
Spellberg, Denise A.Could a Muslim Be President: An Eighteenth-Century Constitutional Debate.” Eighteenth Century Studies 39, no. 4 (2006): 485–506.
Stark, Rodney, and Finke, Roger. “American Religion in 1776: A Statistical Portrait.” Sociological Analysis 49 (1988): 39–51.
Steamer, Robert. “Congress and the Supreme Court during the Marshall Era.” Review of Politics 27, no. 3 (July 1965): 364–85.
Stephens, Trina A. “Twice Forty Years of Learning: An Educational Biography of Robert Reid Howison (1820–1906).” Ph.D. diss., Virginia Tech, 1998.
Swanson, Mary-Elaine. “James Madison and the Presbyterian Idea of Man and Government.” In Sheldon and Dreisbach, Religion and Political Culture, 119–32.
“Symposium: Fidelity in Constitutional Theory.” Fordham Law Review 65 (1996–7): 1247–818.
Tate, Thad W.The Coming of the Revolution in Virginia: Britain's Challenge to Virginia's Ruling Class, 1763–1776.” William and Mary Quarterly 19, no. 3 (July 1962): 323–43.
Tinling, Marion. “Thomas Lloyd's Reports of the First Federal Congress.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 18 (October 1961): 519–45.
Tyack, David B.The Perils of Pluralism: The Background of the Pierce Case.” American Historical Review 74, no. 1 (October 1968): 74–98.
Underwood, James Lowell. “The Dawn of Religious Freedom in South Carolina: The Journey from Limited Tolerance to Constitutional Right.” In Underwood and Burke, Dawn of Religious Freedom.
Underwood, James Lowell. “‘Without Discrimination or Preference’: Equality for Catholics and Jews under the South Carolina Constitution of 1790.” In Underwood and Burke, Dawn of Religious Freedom, 58–94.
Valauri, John T.Everson v. Brown: Hermeneutics, Framers' Intent, and the Establishment Clause.” Notre Dame Journal of Ethics and Public Policy 4 (1989–90): 661–81.
Vitteritti, Joseph P.Blaine's Wake: School Choice, the First Amendment, and State Constitutional Law.” Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 21 (Summer 1998): 657–718.
Wallace, David Foster. “Tense Present: Democracy, English, and the Wars over Usage.” Harper's Magazine, April 2001.
Weisbrod, Carol, and Shiengorn, Pamela. “Reynolds v. United States: Nineteenth Century Forms of Marriage and the Status of Women.” Connecticut Law Review 10 (1977–8): 828–58.
Wells, C. A. Harwell. “The End of the Affair? Anti-Dueling Laws and Social Norms in Antebellum America.” Vanderbilt Law Review 54 (2001): 1805–48.
West, Willis Mason. “Review of The Rise of Religious Liberty in America.” American Historical Review 8, no. 2 (January 1903): 350–2.
Wilson, John F. “Introduction.” In Church and State in American History, edited by Wilson, John F. and Drakeman, Donald L.. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 2003.
Wilson, John F. “Religion, Government, and Power in the New American Nation.” In Religion and American Politics: From the Colonial Period to the 1980s, edited by Noll, Mark A., 77–91. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
Wintersteen, A. H.Christianity and the Common Law.” American Law Register (1852–1891) 38, no. 5 (May 1890): 273–85.
Witte, John. “A Most Mild and Equitable Establishment.” In Hutson, Religion and the New Republic, 1–40.
Wofford, John G.‘The Blinding Light’: The Uses of History in Constitutional Interpretation.” University of Chicago Law Review 31 (1963–4): 502–33.
Wood, Gordon S.American Religion: The Great Retreat.” New York Review of Books 50, no. 10 (June 8, 2006): 60–3.
Wyatt-Brown, Bertram. “The Antimission Movement in the Jacksonian South: A Study in Regional Folk Culture.” Journal of Southern History 36, no. 4 (November 1970): 501–29.
Wyatt-Brown, Bertram. “Prelude to Abolitionism: Sabbatarian Politics and the Rise of the Second Party System.” Journal of American History 58, no. 2 (September 1971): 316–41.
Books
Ahlstrom, Sydney E.A Religious History of the American People. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1972.
Alley, Robert S., ed. The Supreme Court on Church and State. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
Amar, Akhil Reed. The Bill of Rights. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1998.
Antieau, Charles James, Downey, Arthur T., and Roberts, Edward C.. Freedom from Federal Establishment: Formation and Early History of the First Amendment Religion Clauses. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce Publishing, 1964.
Ash, James L.Protestantism and the American University: An Intellectual Biography of William Warren Sweet. Dallas, Tex.: SMU Press, 1982.
Bancroft, George. History of the Formation of the Constitution of the United States. 2 vols. New York: Appleton, 1882.
Bancroft, George. History of the United States from the Discovery of the Continent. 10 vols. Boston: Little, Brown, 1834–75.
Beard, Charles. The Republic. New York: Viking Press, 1943.
Beard, Charles. The Supreme Court and the Constitution. New York: Century Co., 1912.
Beaver, R. Pierce. Church, State, and the American Indians. St. Louis, Mo.: Concordia Publishing House, 1966.
Black, Hugo, Jr.My Father: A Remembrance. New York: Random House, 1975.
Blanshard, Paul. American Freedom and Catholic Power. Boston: Beacon Press, 1949.
Boles, Donald. The Bible, Religion, and the Public Schools. New York: Collier Books, 1963.
Borden, Morton. Jews, Turks, and Infidels. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1984.
Bradley, Gerard V.Church-State Relationships in America. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987.
Brady, Joseph. Confusion Twice Confounded: The First Amendment and the Supreme Court. South Orange, N.J.: Seton Hall University Press, 1954.
Brant, Irving. James Madison: The Nationalist 1780–1787. Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill, 1948.
Brant, Irving. James Madison: The Virginia Revolutionist. Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill, 1941.
Breyer, Stephen. Active Liberty: Interpreting Our Democratic Constitution. New York: Random House, 2005.
Buckley, Thomas E., , S.J.Church and State in Revolutionary Virginia, 1776–1787. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1977.
Butler, Jon. Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1990.
Calabresi, Steven G.Originalism: A Quarter-Century of Debate. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, 2007.
Cathcart, William, ed. The Baptist Encyclopedia. Philadelphia: Louis H. Everts, 1881.
Choper, Jesse H.Securing Religious Liberty: Principles for Judicial Interpretation of the Religion Clauses. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
Cobb, Sanford H.The Rise of Religious Liberty in America. New York: Macmillan, 1902.
Cogan, Neil H.The Complete Bill of Rights: The Drafts, Debates, Sources, and Origins. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Cooley, Thomas M.A Treatise on the Constitutional Limitations Which Rest upon the Legislative Power of the State of the American Union, 4th ed. Boston: Little, Brown, 1878.
Cord, Robert L.Separation of Church and State: Historical Fact and Current Fiction. New York: Lambeth Press, 1982.
Corwin, Edward S.A Constitution of Powers in a Secular State. Charlottesville, Va.: Michie, 1951.
Cremin, Lawrence A.American Education: The National Experience 1783–1876. New York: Harper & Row, 1980.
Cross, Whitney R.The Burned-Over District: The Social and Intellectual History of Enthusiastic Religion in Western New York, 1800–1850. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1950.
Currie, David P.The Constitution in Congress: The Federalist Period 1789–1801. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Currie, David P.The Constitution in the Supreme Court: The First Hundred Years, 1789–1888. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1985.
Curry, Thomas J.Farewell to Christendom: The Future of Church and State in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Curry, Thomas J.The First Freedoms: Church and State in America to the Passage of the First Amendment. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
DelFattore, Joan. The Fourth R: Conflicts over Religion in America's Public Schools. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2004.
DePauw, Linda Grant, ed. Documentary History of the First Federal Congress of the United States of America. Vol. 1. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1977.
Dickson, Del, ed. The Supreme Court in Conference (1940–1985): The Private Discussions Behind Nearly 300 Supreme Court Decisions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Douglas, William O.Go East Young Man: The Early Years. New York: Dell, 1974.
Drakeman, Donald L.Church-State Constitutional Issues: Making Sense of the Establishment Clause. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1991.
Dreisbach, Daniel L.Real Threat and Mere Shadow: Religious Liberty and the First Amendment. Westchester, Ill.: Crossway Books, 1987.
Dreisbach, Daniel L.Religion and Politics in the Early Republic: Jasper Adams and the Church-State Debate. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1996.
Dreisbach, Daniel L.Thomas Jefferson and the Wall of Separation between Church and State. New York: University Press, 2002.
Drinan, Robert F., , S.J.Religion, the Courts, and Public Policy. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1963.
Eckenrode, H. J.Separation of Church and State in Virginia. Richmond: Virginia State Library, 1910.
Eisgruber, Christopher L.Constitutional Self-Government. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2001.
Elliot, Jonathan, ed. The Debates in the Several State Conventions on the Adoption of the Federal Constitution, 2nd ed. 5 vols. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1937.
Ellis, Joseph P.American Creation: Triumphs and Tragedies at the Founding of the Republic. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2007.
Emmons, William. Authentic Biography of Col. Richard M. Johnson of Kentucky. Boston: Published for the proprietor, 1834.
Farber, Daniel A., and Sherry, Suzanna. Desperately Seeking Certainty: The Misguided Quest for Constitutional Foundations. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 2002.
Farrar, Timothy. Manual of the Constitution of the United States of America, 3rd ed. Boston: Little, Brown, 1872.
Feldberg, Michael. The Philadelphia Roots of 1844: A Study of Ethnic Conflict. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1975.
Feldman, Noah. Divided by God: America's Church-State Problem and What We Should Do About It. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.
Fine, Sidney. Frank Murphy: The Washington Years. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1984.
Formicola, Jo Renee, and Morken, Herbert, eds. Everson Revisited: Religion, Education, and Law at the Crossroads. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 1997.
Ford, Paul Leicester, ed. Essays on the Constitution of the United States. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Historical Printing Club, 1892.
Foster, Lawrence. Religion and Sexuality: Three American Communal Experiments of the Nineteenth Century. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981.
Fox-Genovese, Elizabeth, and Genovese, Eugene D.. The Mind of the Master Class: History and Faith in the Southern Slaveholders' Worldview. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Fraser, James W.Between Church and State: Religion and Public Education in Multicultural America. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.
Gales, Joseph, and Seaton, W. W., eds. The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States, Compiled from Authentic Materials. 42 vols. Washington, D.C.: D. Appleton, 1834–56.
Gaustad, Edwin Scott, and Barlow, Philip L.. New Historical Atlas of Religion in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Gillett, E. H.History of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. 2 vols. Philadelphia: Presbyterian Publication Committee, 1864.
Givens, Terryl. By the Hand of Mormon: The American Scripture That Launched a New World Religion. New York: Oxford Press, 2003.
Givens, Terryl. The Viper on the Hearth: Mormons, Myths, and the Construction of Heresy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Gobbel, Luther L.Church-State Relationships in Education in North Carolina since 1776. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1938.
Gordon, Sarah Barringer. The Mormon Question: Polygamy and Constitutional Conflict in Nineteenth-Century America. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
Greenawalt, Kent. Religion and the Constitution: Establishment and Fairness. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2008.
Hall, Timothy L.Separating Church and State: Roger Williams and Religious Liberty. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998.
Hamburger, Philip. Separation of Church and State. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2002.
Hammond, Otis G.Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan. 3 vols. Concord: New Hampshire Historical Society, 1939.
Hanley, Thomas O'Brien. The American Revolution and Religion: Maryland 1770–1800. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1971.
Hanley, Thomas O'Brien. Revolutionary Stateman: Charles Carroll and the War. Chicago, Ill.: Loyola University Press, 1983.
Hanson, Charles P.Necessary Virtue: The Pragmatic Origins of Religious Liberty in New England. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998.
Harper, Fowler V.Justice Rutledge and the Bright Constellation. Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill, 1965.
Hartog, Hendrik. Man and Wife in America, a History. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2000.
Hawks, Francis L.Contributions to the Ecclesiastical History of the United States of America. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1836–9.
Haynes, Charles C., Chaltain, Sam, and Glisson, Susan M.. First Freedoms: A Documentary History of First Amendment Rights in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Hitchcock, James. The Supreme Court and Religion in American Life. Vol. 2: From “Higher Law” to “Sectarian Scruples.”Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2004.
Higham, John. Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism 1860–1925. New York: Atheneum, 1973.
Holloway, Mark. Heavens on Earth: Utopian Communities in America 1680–1880, 2nd ed. New York: Dover, 1966.
Howe, Daniel Walker. What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Howe, Mark A. DeWolfe. The Garden and the Wilderness: Religion and Government in American Constitutional History. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1965.
Howe, Mark A. DeWolfe. The Life and Letters of George Bancroft. 2 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1908.
Howison, Robert. History of Virginia from Its Discovery and Settlement by Europeans to the Present Time. 2 vols. Richmond, Va.: Drinker and Morris, 1848.
Hudson, Winthrop S.The Great Tradition of the American Churches. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1963.
Hutchinson, William T., ed. The Marcus W. Jernegan Essays in American Historiography. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1937.
Hutchinson, William T., et al., eds. The Papers of James Madison. 13 vols. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 1962–9.
Hutchison, William R.Religious Pluralism in America. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003.
Hutson, James H.Church and State in America: The First Two Centuries. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Hutson, James H.Forgotten Features of the Founding: The Recovery of Religious Themes in the Early American Republic. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books, 2003.
Hutson, James H., ed. The Founders on Religion: A Book of Quotations. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2005.
Inaugural Addresses of the Presidents of the United States. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1965.
Isaac, Rhys. The Transformation of Virginia, 1740–1790. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1982.
Ivers, Gregg. To Build a Wall: American Jews and the Separation of Church and State. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1995.
James, Charles F.Documentary History of the Struggle for Religious Liberty in Virginia. Lynchburg, Va.: J. P. Bell, 1900.
Jameson, J. Franklin. The History of Historical Writing in America. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin, 1891.
John, Richard R.Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995.
Johnson, Paul E.A Shopkeeper's Millennium: Society and Revivals in Rochester, New York, 1815–1837. New York: Hill and Wang, 1978.
Journal of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Virginia, Begun and Held in the City of Richmond, on Monday, the 18th of October…1789. Richmond: Commonwealth of Virginia, 1828.
Kaestle, Carl F.Pillars of the Republic: Common Schools and American Society, 1780–1860. New York: Hill and Wang, 1983.
Keller, Robert H.American Protestantism and United States Indian Policy, 1869–82. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1983.
Kersch, Ken I.Constructing Civil Liberties: Discontinuities in the Development of American Constitutional Law. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
King, Joe Madison. “Introduction.” In Robert, Baylor Semple, History of the Rise and Progress of the Baptists in Virginia, rev. ed. New Orleans: Polyanthos, 1972.
King, John. A Commentary on the Law and True Constitution of the Federal Constitution. Cincinnati: Robert Clark, 1871.
Kingsbury, Harmon. The Sabbath. New York: Jonathan Levitt, 1841.
Kinney, Charles B.Church and State: The Struggle for Separation in New Hampshire 1630–1900. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University, 1955.
Kurland, Philip B., and Casper, Gerhard, eds. Landmark Briefs and Arguments of the Supreme Court of the United States. Bethesda, Md.: University Publications of America, 1975.
Labunski, Richard. James Madison and the Struggle for a Bill of Rights. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Larson, Edward J.A Magnificent Catastrophe: The Tumultuous Election of 1800, America's First Presidential Campaign. New York: Free Press, 2007.
Lawrence, Robert F.The New Hampshire Churches. Claremont, N.H.: Published for the author, 1856.
Levy, Leonard. The Establishment Clause: Religion and the First Amendment. New York: Macmillan, 1986.
Levy, Leonard. Judgments: Essays on Constitutional History. Chicago, Ill.: Quadrangle Books, 1972.
Levy, Leonard. Original Intent and the Framers' Constitution. New York: Macmillan, 1988.
Love, Thomas T.John Courtney Murray: Contemporary Church-State Theory. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965.
McAfee, Ward M.Religion, Race, and Reconstruction: The Public School in the Politics of the 1870s. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998.
McGreevy, John T.Catholicism and American Freedom: A History. New York: W. W. Norton, 2003.
McKee, T. H.National Conventions and Platforms of All Political Parties, 1789–1905: Convention, Popular and Electoral Vote. New York: Burt Franklin, 1972.
McLachlan, James. Princetonians 1748–1768: A Biographical Dictionary. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1976.
McLoughlin, William G.Isaac Backus on Church, State, and Calvinism: Pamphlets, 1754–1789. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968.
McLoughlin, William G.New England Dissent, 1630–1833. 2 vols. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971.
McLoughlin, William G.Soul Liberty: The Baptists' Struggle in New England, 1630–1833. Hanover, N.H.: Brown University Press, 1991.
Magrath, C. Peter. Morrison R. Waite: The Triumph of Character. New York: Macmillan, 1963.
Malbin, Michael J.Religion and Politics: The Intentions of the Authors of the First Amendment. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1978.
Marsden, George M.Jonathan Edwards: A Life. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003.
Menendez, Albert. Church-State Relations: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Garland Publishing, 1976.
Meyer, Leland. The Life and Times of Colonel Richard M. Johnson of Kentucky. New York: Columbia University Press, 1932.
Miller, William Lee. The First Liberty: Religion and the American Republic. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1986.
Morgan, Richard E.The Supreme Court and Religion. New York: Free Press, 1972.
Morrison, Jeffry H.John Witherspoon and the Founding of the American Republic. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.
Mun˜oz, Vincent Phillip. God and the Founders: Madison, Washington, and Jefferson. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Neely, Richard. How Courts Govern America. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1981.
Newman, Roger. Hugo Black: A Biography. New York: Fordham University Press, 1997.
Noll, Mark A., ed. Religion and American Politics: From the Colonial Period to the 1980s. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
Noonan, John T., Jr.The Lustre of Our Country: The American Experience of Religious Freedom. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
Nye, Russell B.George Bancroft: Brahmin Rebel. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1945.
O'Brien, F.William, S.J.Justice Reed and the First Amendment: The Religion Clause. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 1958.
O'Connor, John E.William Paterson: Lawyer and Statesman, 1745–1806. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1979.
O'Neill, James M.Religion and Education under the Constitution. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1949.
O'Neill, Jonathan. Originalism in American Law and Politics: A Constitutional History. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005.
Paradis, Wilfred H.Upon This Granite: Catholicism in New Hampshire 1647–1997. Portsmouth, N.H.: Peter R. Randall, 1998.
Parsons, Theophilus, Jr.Memoir of Theophilus Parsons, Chief Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1859.
Parsons, Wilfrid.First Freedom: Considerations on Church and State in the United States. New York: D. X. McMullen, 1948.
Paschal, George W.The Constitution of the United States Defined and Carefully Annotated. Washington, D.C.: W. H. & O. H. Morrison, 1868.
Peterson, Merrill D., and Vaughn, Robert C., eds. The Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, Its Evolution and Consequences in American History. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Pitkin, Timothy. Political and Civil History of the United States from 1763 to the Close of Washington's Administration. 2 vols. New Haven, Conn.: Hezekiah Howe and Durre & Peck, 1828.
Pomeroy, John Norton. An Introduction to the Constitutional Law of the United States. New York: Hurd and Houghton, 1868.
Prucha, Francis Paul. American Indian Policy in Crisis: Christian Reformers and the Indian, 1865–1900. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1976.
Rable, George C.The Confederate Republic: A Revolution Against Politics. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.
Rakove, Jack N., ed. Interpreting the Constitution. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1990.
Ravitch, Diane. The Great School Wars: New York City, 1805–1973, a History of the Public Schools as a Battlefield of Social Change. New York: Basic Books, 1974.
Rawle, William. A View of the Constitution of the United States of America, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Philip H. Nicklin, 1829.
,Rep. No. 124, 33rd Cong. 1st sess. In Reports of Committees of the House of Representatives Made During the First Session of the Thirty-third Congress. 3 vols. Washington, D.C.: A. O. P. Nicholson, 1854.
Scalia, Antonin. A Matter of Interpretation: Federal Courts and the Law. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press: 1997.
Schaff, Philip. Church and State in the United States. Vol. 2. Papers of the American Historical Association, no. 4. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1888.
Schwartz, Bernard. The Bill of Rights: A Documentary History. New York: Chelsea House, 1971.
Semple, Robert B.A History of the Rise and Progress of the Baptists in Virginia. Richmond, Va.: Published by the author, 1810.
Sheldon, Garrett Ward, and Dreisbach, Daniel L., eds. Religion and Political Culture in Jefferson's Virginia. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000.
Shipps, Jan. Mormonism: The Story of a New Religious Tradition. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985.
Simon, James F.The Antagonists: Hugo Black, Felix Frankfurter, and Civil Liberties in Modern America. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989.
Slawson, Douglas J.The Department of Education Battle, 1918–1932: Public Schools, Catholic Schools, and the Social Order. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.
Smith, James Morton, ed. The Republic of Letters: The Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson and James Madison 1776–1826. New York: W.W. Norton, 1995.
Smith, Steven D.Foreordained Failure: The Quest for a Constitutional Principle of Religious Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Spears, Richard A., ed. NTC's Dictionary of American Slang and Colloquial Expressions. Lincolnwood, Ill.: National Textbook Company, 2000.
Stokes, Anson Phelps. Church and State in the United States. 3 vols. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1950.
Story, Joseph. Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States. Boston: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1851.
Strong, William. Two Lectures upon the Relations of Civil Law to Church Policy, Discipline, and Property. New York: Dodd & Mead, 1875.
,Supreme Court Historical Society 1988 Yearbook, available at http://www.supremecourthistory.org/04_library/subs_volumes/04-c10_g.html.
Sweet, William Warren. Religion in Colonial America. New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1912.
Sweet, William Warren. Story of Religion in America. New York: Harper Brothers, 1950.
Thompson, Joseph P.Church and State in the United States. Boston: James R. Osgood, 1873.
Tiffany, Joel. A Treatise on Government and Constitutional Law. Albany, N.Y.: W. C. Little, 1867.
Tribe, Lawrence H.American Constitutional Law, 2nd ed. Mineola, N.Y.: Foundation Press, 1988.
Trimble, Bruce R.Chief Justice Waite: Defender of the Public Interest. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1938.
Underwood, James Lowell, and Burke, W. Lewis, eds. The Dawn of Religious Freedom in South Carolina. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2006.
Veit, Helen E., Bowling, Kenneth, and Bickford, Charlene Bangs, eds. Creating the Bill of Rights: The Documentary Record from the First Federal Congress. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.
Washington, H. A., ed. The Works of Thomas Jefferson: Published by Order of Congress from the Original Manuscripts Deposited in the Department of State. 9 vols. New York: J. C. Riker, 1853–6.
Washington, H. A., ed. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. 9 vols. Washington, D.C.: Taylor and Maury, 1853–4.
Weeks, Stephen Beauregard. Church and State in North Carolina. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1893.
Wentworth, Harold and Flexner, Stuart Berg, eds. Dictionary of American Slang. New York: Crowell, 1975.
Welch, Richard. Theodore Sedgwick, Federalist: A Political Portrait. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1965.
Werline, Albert W.Problems of Church and State in Maryland during the 17th and 18th Centuries. South Lancaster, Mass.: College Press, 1948.
West, John G., Jr.The Politics of Revelation and Reason: Religion and Civil Life in the New Nation. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1996.
Whittington, Keith E.Constitutional Interpretation: Textual Meaning, Original Intent, and Judicial Review. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1999.
Williams, Charlotte. Hugo Black: A Study in the Judicial Process. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1950.
Wilson, John F., ed. Church and State in America: A Bibliographical Guide: The Colonial and Early National Periods. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986.
Wilson, John F., and Drakeman, Donald L., eds. Church and State in American History, 3rd ed. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 2003.
Winn, Kenneth H.Exiles in a Land of Liberty: Mormons in America, 1830–1846. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990.
Witte, John, Jr.God's Joust, God's Justice: Law and Religion in the Western Tradition. Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans, 2006.
Witte, JohnReligion and the American Constitutional Experiment: Essential Rights and Liberties. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 2000.
Wood, James E.Church and State in the Modern World: A Critical Assessment and Annotated Bibliography. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, 2005.
Wood, James, ed. The First Freedom: Religion and the Bill of Rights. Waco, Tex.: J. M. Dawson Institute of Church-State Studies, 1990.
Other
Early American Imprints. 1st ser. Evans Readex Digital Collections no. 16844, printed by Benjamin Edes & Sons, 1780.
,U.S. Congress. Congressional Record, 43rd Cong., 1st sess., 1875, vol. 4, pt. 1.

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.