Cold Ocean Physiology

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511661723

From a human viewpoint, the cold waters of deep sea and polar marine regions present an inhospitable and harsh environment for life. The study of organisms which have exploited this seemingly hostile ecological niche has revealed intriguing physiological adaptations. This volume summarizes the information on the adaptations exhibited by representatives of the main groups of polar animals, including marine invertebrates, fish, mammals and birds, at scales ranging from the whole organism through to the underlying molecular adaptational mechanisms. Unique in its breadth of coverage, this volume will provide an important resource for all those concerned specifically with how animals have adapted to life in extreme conditions, as well as being of general interest to all marine biologists.

‘It is a volume to dip into repeatedly … this well bound and illustrated book should be on the shelves of all institutions where aquatic biology is taught or researched.’

John Davenport Source: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

‘… an excellent guide for final-year undergraduates, postgraduates or anyone interested in advanced polar biology.’

Source: New Scientist

‘… a volume well worth the attention of all comparative physiologists concerned with the effects of low temperatures’.

John A. MacDonald Source: Antarctic Science

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-vi
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Contents
pp vii-ix
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List of contributors
pp x-xiii
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Preface
pp xiv-xviii
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PART I - General concepts
pp 1-2
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Temperature and energetics: an introduction to cold ocean physiology
pp 3-30
- By A. Clarke
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PART II - Compensatory adaptations in cold ocean environments
pp 31-32
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Adaptation to cold and depth: contrasts between polar and deep-sea animals
pp 33-57
- By G.N. Somero
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Temperature and growth rates as modulators of the metabolic capacities of fish muscle
pp 58-87
- By H. Guderley
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Energetic aspects of cold adaptation: critical temperatures in metabolic, ionic and acid-base regulation?
pp 88-120
- By H.O. Pörtner, I. Hardewig, F.J. Sartoris, P.L.M. Van Dijk
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Physiological and evolutionary aspects of myoglobin expression in the haemoglobinless Antarctic icefishes
pp 121-142
- By B.D. Sidell, M.E. Vayda
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Oxygen transport systems in extreme environments: multiplicity and structure-function relationship in haemoglobins of Antarctic fish
pp 143-165
- By G. di Prisco, M. Tamburrini, R. D'Avino
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Membrane lipid and protein adaptations in Antarctic fish
pp 166-189
- By C. Storelli, R. Acierno, M. Maffia
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Kinetics of enzymes in cold-stenothermal invertebrates
pp 190-211
- By R.A.H. Vetter, F. Buchholz
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Effects of low temperature on prooxidant processes and antioxidant defence systems in marine organisms
pp 212-236
- By A. Viarengo, D. Abele-Oeschger, B. Burlando
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PART III - Exploitative adaptations
pp 237-238
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New insights into fish antifreeze proteins: physiological significance and molecular regulation
pp 239-265
- By G.L. Fletcher, S.V. Goddard, P.L. Davies, Z. Gong, K.V. Ewart, C.L. Hew
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Antifreeze glycopeptides and peptides in the freezing avoidance of Weddell Sea fishes: its relation to mode of life, depth distribution and evolution
pp 266-296
- By A.P.A. Wöhrmann
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PART IV - Integrative approaches
pp 297-298
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Effects of environmental and experimental stress on Antarctic fish
pp 299-326
- By S. Egginton, W. Davison
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Fish cardio-circulatory function in the cold
pp 327-364
- By M. Axelsson, C. Agnisola, S. Nilsson, B. Tota
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Feeding, metabolism and metabolic scope in Antarctic marine ectotherms
pp 365-390
- By L.S. Peck
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Evolution and adaptation of the diving response: phocids and otariids
pp 391-431
- By P.W. Hochachka, P.D. Mottishaw
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The physiology of polar birds
pp 432-460
- By R.M. Bevan, C.M. Bishop, P.J. Butler
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PART V - Applied approaches
pp 461-462
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Physiological ecology in cold ocean fisheries: a case study in Atlantic cod
pp 463-489
- By R.G. Boutilier
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Index
pp 490-498
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Cold Ocean Physiology

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-vi

Contents
pp vii-ix

List of contributors
pp x-xiii

Preface
pp xiv-xviii

PART I - General concepts
pp 1-2

Temperature and energetics: an introduction to cold ocean physiology
pp 3-30

PART II - Compensatory adaptations in cold ocean environments
pp 31-32

Adaptation to cold and depth: contrasts between polar and deep-sea animals
pp 33-57

Temperature and growth rates as modulators of the metabolic capacities of fish muscle
pp 58-87

Energetic aspects of cold adaptation: critical temperatures in metabolic, ionic and acid-base regulation?
pp 88-120

Physiological and evolutionary aspects of myoglobin expression in the haemoglobinless Antarctic icefishes
pp 121-142

Oxygen transport systems in extreme environments: multiplicity and structure-function relationship in haemoglobins of Antarctic fish
pp 143-165

Membrane lipid and protein adaptations in Antarctic fish
pp 166-189

Kinetics of enzymes in cold-stenothermal invertebrates
pp 190-211

Effects of low temperature on prooxidant processes and antioxidant defence systems in marine organisms
pp 212-236

PART III - Exploitative adaptations
pp 237-238

New insights into fish antifreeze proteins: physiological significance and molecular regulation
pp 239-265

Antifreeze glycopeptides and peptides in the freezing avoidance of Weddell Sea fishes: its relation to mode of life, depth distribution and evolution
pp 266-296

PART IV - Integrative approaches
pp 297-298

Effects of environmental and experimental stress on Antarctic fish
pp 299-326

Fish cardio-circulatory function in the cold
pp 327-364

Feeding, metabolism and metabolic scope in Antarctic marine ectotherms
pp 365-390

Evolution and adaptation of the diving response: phocids and otariids
pp 391-431

The physiology of polar birds
pp 432-460

PART V - Applied approaches
pp 461-462

Physiological ecology in cold ocean fisheries: a case study in Atlantic cod
pp 463-489

Index
pp 490-498

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Cold Ocean Physiology

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