Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 5
    • Show more authors
    • You may already have access via personal or institutional login
    • Select format
    • Publisher:
      Cambridge University Press
      Publication date:
      31 July 2025
      04 September 2025
      ISBN:
      9781009362887
      9781009509770
      9781009362894
      Dimensions:
      (229 x 152 mm)
      Weight & Pages:
      0.252kg, 80 Pages
      Dimensions:
      (229 x 152 mm)
      Weight & Pages:
      0.13kg, 80 Pages
    You may already have access via personal or institutional login
  • Selected: Digital
    Add to cart View cart Buy from Cambridge.org

    Book description

    Received theories of self-deception are problematic. The traditional view, according to which self-deceivers intend to deceive themselves, generates paradoxes: you cannot deceive yourself intentionally because you know your own plans and intentions. Non-traditional views argue that self-deceivers act intentionally but deceive themselves unintentionally or that self-deception is not intentional at all. The non-traditional approaches do not generate paradoxes, but they entail that people can deceive themselves by accident or by mistake, which is controversial. The author argues that a functional analysis of deception solves these problems. On the functional view, a certain thing is deceptive if and only if its function is to mislead; hence, while (self-)deception may but need not be intended, it is never accidental or a mistake. Also, self-deceivers need not benefit from deception and they need not end up with epistemically unjustified beliefs; rather, they must 'not be themselves'. Finally, self-deception need not be adaptive.

    References

    Angilletta, M. J. Kubitz, G., and Wilson, R. S. (2019). Self-Deception in Nonhuman Animals: Weak Crayfish Escalated Aggression as if They Were Strong. Behavioral Ecology, 30, 14691476. https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arz103.
    Artiga, M. and Paternotte, C. (2018). Deception: A Functional Account. Philosophical Studies, 175, 579600. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-017-0883-8.
    Artiga, M. and Paternotte, C. (2024). Deception as Mimicry. Philosophy of Science, (Online First), 91 (2): 370389. https://doi.org/10.1017/psa.2023.156.
    Artiga, M., Schulte, P., and Fresco, N. Forthcoming. Some Proper Functions Are Distal. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. https://doi.org/10.1086/735548.
    Arvan, M. (2015). Job-Market Boot Camp, Part 16: The APA Interview. The Philosophers’ Cocoon, https://philosopherscocoon.typepad.com/blog/2015/07/job-market-boot-camp-part-16-the-apa-interview.html.
    Audi, R. (1982). Self-Deception, Action, and Will. Erkenntnis, 18, 133158. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00227930.
    Audi, R. (1997). Self-Deception vs. Self-Caused Deception: A Comment on Professor Mele. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 20, 104. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X97230037.
    Austin, J. L. (1956). A Plea for Excuses: The Presidential Address. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 57, 130. https://doi.org/10.1093/aristotelian/57.1.1.
    Bach, K. (1981). An Analysis of Self-Deception. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 41, 351370. https://doi.org/10.2307/2107457.
    Bach, K. (2009). Self‐Deception. In Beckermann, A., McLaughlin, B. P., and Walter, S., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 781796. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199262618.003.0046.
    Barnes, A. (1997). Seeing through Self-Deception. New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Bendaña, J. and Mandelbaum, E. (2021). The Fragmentation of Belief. In Borgoni, C., Kindermann, D., and Onofri, A., eds., The Fragmentation of Belief. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 78107. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850670.003.0004.
    Bentall, R. P. (1994). Cognitive Biases and Abnormal Beliefs: Towards a Model of Persecutory Delusions. In David, A. S. and Cutting, J. C., eds., The Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia. Hove: Psychology Press, pp. 337360.
    Bermúdez, J. L. (2000). Self-Deception, Intentions, and Contradictory Beliefs. Analysis, 60, 309319. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8284.00247.
    Birch, J. (2014). Propositional Content in Signaling Systems. Philosophical Studies, 171, 493512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-014-0280-5.
    Birch, J. (2019). Altruistic Deception. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 74, 2733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2019.01.004.
    Borgoni, C., Kindermann, D., and Onofri, A. eds. (2021). The Fragmentation of Belief. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Carlini, E. A. and Maia, L. O. (2017). Plant and Fungal Hallucinogens as Toxic and Therapeutic Agents. In Gopalakrishnakone, P., Carlini, C. R., and Ligabue-Braun, R., eds., Plant Toxins. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 3780. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6464-4_6.
    Carson, T. L. (2010). Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Chan, C. Y. and Rowbottom, D. P. (2019). Self-Deception and Shifting Degrees of Belief. Philosophical Psychology, 32, 12041220. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2019.1646419.
    Curzer, H. J. (2024a). Akratic and Beneficial Intentional Self-Deception. Inquiry, (Online First), 128. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020174X.2024.2420354.
    Curzer, H. J. (2024b). Self-Deception and Dissociation. Erkenntnis, (Online First), 120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-024-00888-3.
    Davidson, D. (1963). Actions, Reasons, and Causes. The Journal of Philosophy, 60, 685700. https://doi.org/10.2307/2023177.
    Davidson, D. (1985). Incoherence and Irrationality. Dialectica, 39, 345354. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-8361.1985.tb01603.x.
    Davidson, D. (1986). Deception and Division. In his Problems of Rationality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 199212. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198237545.003.0013.
    Davidson, D. (1997). Who Is Fooled. In his Problems of Rationality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 213230. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198237545.003.0014.
    DePaulo, B. M., Kashy, D. A., Kirkendol, S., Wyer, M., and Epstein, J. A. (1996). Lying in Everyday Life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 979995. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.5.979.
    DePaulo, B. M. (2019). Lying in Social Psychology. In Meibauer, J., ed., The Oxford Handbook of Lying. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 436445.
    Derksen, A. A. (2001). The Seven Strategies of the Sophisticated Pseudo-Scientist: A Look into Freud’s Rhetorical Tool Box. Journal for General Philosophy of Science, 32, 329350. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013100717113.
    Deweese-Boyd, I. (2021). Self-Deception. In Zalta, E. N., ed., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2021/entries/self-deception/.
    Dietz, S. (2019). White and Prosocial Lies. In Meibauer, J., ed., The Oxford Handbook of Lying. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 287299.
    Dolcini, N. (2016). The Pragmatics of Self-Deception. In Felline, L., Ledda, A., Paoli, F., and Rossanese, E., eds., New Directions in Logic and the Philosophy of Science. Cambridge: College, pp. 6776.
    Doody, P. (2017). Is There Evidence of Robust, Unconscious Self Deception? A Reply to Funkhouser and Barrett. Philosophical Psychology, 30, 657676. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2017.1328491.
    Egan, A. (2008). Seeing and Believing: Perception, Belief Formation and the Divided Mind. Philosophical Studies, 140, 4763. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-008-9225-1.
    Egan, A. (2009). Imagination, Delusion, and Self-Deception. In Bayne, T. and Fernández, J., eds., Delusion and Self-Deception: Motivational and Affective Influences on Belief-Formation. New York: Psychology Press, pp. 263280.
    Epley, N. and Whitchurch, E. (2008). Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: Enhancement in Self Recognition. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 11591170. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208318601.
    Erat, S. and Gneezy, U. (2012). White Lies. Management Science, 58, 732773. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1110.1449.
    Fagerberg, H. and Garson, J. (2024). Proper Functions Are Proximal Functions. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. https://doi.org/10.1086/731869.
    Fallis, D. (2015a). What Is Disinformation? Library Trends, 63, 401426. https://doi.org/10.1353/lib.2015.0014.
    Fallis, D. (2015b). Skyrms on the Possibility of Universal Deception. Philosophical Studies, 172, 375397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-014-0308-x.
    Fallis, D. and Lewis, P. J. (2019). Toward a Formal Analysis of Deceptive Signalling. Synthese, 196, 22792303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1536-3.
    Fallis, D. and Lewis, P. J. (2021). Animal Deception and the Content of Signals. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A, 87, 114124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2021.03.004.
    Faulkner, P. (2013). Lying and Deceit. In LaFollette, H., ed., The International Encyclopedia of Ethics. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 31013109.
    Fernández, J. (2013). Self-Deception and Self-Knowledge. Philosophical Studies, 162, 379400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-011-9771-9.
    Fingarette, H. (1998). Self-Deception Needs No Explaining. The Philosophical Quarterly, 48, 289301. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9213.00101.
    Friedrich, J. (1993). Primary Error Detection and Minimization PEDMIN Strategies in Social Cognition: A Reinterpretation of Confirmation Bias Phenomena. Psychological Review, 100, 298319. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.100.2.298.
    Funkhouser, E. (2005). Do the Self-Deceived Get What They Want? Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 86, 295312. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0114.2005.00228.x.
    Funkhouser, E. (2009). Self-Deception and the Limits of Folk Psychology. Social Theory and Practice, 35, 113. https://doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract20093511.
    Funkhouser, E. (2017). Is Self-Deception an Effective Non-cooperative Strategy? Biology and Philosophy, 32, 221242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-016-9550-2.
    Funkhouser, E. (2019). Self-Deception. London: Routledge.
    Funkhouser, E. and Barrett, D. (2016). Robust, Unconscious Self-Deception: Strategic and Flexible. Philosophical Psychology, 29, 682696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2015.1134769.
    Funkhouser, E. and Hallam, K. (2024). Self-Handicapping and Self-Deception: A Two-Way Street. Philosophical Psychology, 37, 299324. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2022.2055915.
    Gadsby, S. (2022). Imposter Syndrome and Self-Deception. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 100, 247261. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2021.1874445.
    Galeotti, A. E. (2012). Self-Deception: Intentional Plan or Mental Event? Humana.Mente: Journal of Philosophical Studies, 20, 4166.
    Galeotti, A. E. (2018). Political Self-Deception. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Garson, J. (2019). What Biological Functions Are and Why They Matter. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Gendler, T. S. (2007). Self-Deception as Pretense. Philosophical Perspectives, 21, 231258. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1520-8583.2007.00127.x.
    Gerrans, P. (2014). The Measure of Madness: Philosophy of Mind, Cognitive Neuroscience, and Delusional Thought. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
    Gneezy, U. (2005). Deception: The Role of Consequences. American Economic Review, 95, 384394. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828053828662.
    Grossmann, T. (2023). The Human Fear Paradox: Affective Origins of Cooperative Care. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 46, E52. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X2200067X.
    Gur, R. C. and Sackeim, H. A. (1979). Self-Deception: A Concept in Search of a Phenomenon. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 147169. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.37.2.147.
    Guthrie, R. D. and Petocz, R. G. (1970). Weapon Automimicry among Animals. The American Naturalist, 104, 585588. https://doi.org/10.1086/282694.
    Holton, R. (2001). What Is the Role of Self in Self-deception. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 101, 5369. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0066-7372.2003.00021.x.
    John, O. P. and Robins, R. W. (1994). Accuracy and Bias in Self-Perception: Individual Differences in Self-Enhancement and Narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 206219. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.66.1.206.
    Johnston, M. (1988). Self-Deception and the Nature of Mind. In McLaughlin, B. and Rorty, A., eds., Perspectives on Self-Deception. Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 6391.
    Jordan, M. (2019). Secondary Self-Deception. Ratio, 32, 122130. https://doi.org/10.1111/rati.12235.
    Jordan, M. (2020). Literal Self-Deception. Analysis, 80, 248256. https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/anz053.
    Kelsky, K. (2012). The ‘Be Yourself’ Myth: Performing the Academic Self on the Job Market. http://theprofessorisin.com/2012/03/20/the-be-yourself-myth-performing-the-academic-self-on-the-job-market/.
    Kenny, D. A. and Kashy, D. A. (1994). Enhanced Co-orientation in the Perception of Friends: A Social Relations Analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 10241033. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1024.
    Korczyk, K. (2024). Absorbed in Deceit: Modeling Intention-Driven Self-Deception with Agential Layering. Inquiry (Online First), 127. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020174X.2024.2406891.
    Krstić, V. (2020a). Transparent Delusion. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 11, 183201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-019-00457-6.
    Krstić, V. (2020b). On the Nature of Indifferent Lies, a Reply to Rutschmann and Wiegmann. Philosophical Psychology, 33, 757771. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2020.1743255.
    Krstić, V. (2021). On the Function of Self-Deception. The European Journal of Philosophy, 29, 846863. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejop.12608.
    Krstić, V. (2023a). Lying to Others, Lying to Yourself, and Literal Self-Deception. Inquiry, (Online First), 126. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020174X.2023.2206850.
    Krstić, V. (2023b). Lying: Revisiting the Intending to Deceive Condition. Analysis, 83, 249259. https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/anac099.
    Krstić, V. (2023c). Fearful Apes or Nervous Goats? Another Look at Functions of Dispositions or Traits. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 46, E68.
    Krstić, V. (2023d). Lying by Asserting What You Believe to Be True: A Case of Transparent Delusion. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 15, 14231443. https://osf.io/v73un.
    Krstić, V. (2024b). Manipulation, Deception, the Victim’s Reasoning, and Her Evidence. Analysis, 84, 267275. https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/anad064.
    Krstić, V. (2024c). A Functional Analysis of Human Deception. Journal of American Philosophical Association, 10, 836854. https://doi.org/10.1017/apa.2023.19.
    Krstić, V. (2025). We Should Move on from Signalling-Based Analyses of Biological Deception. Erkenntnis, 90, 545565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-023-00719-x (Forthcoming). A Functional Analysis of Self-Deception. Journal of American Philosophical Association.
    Krstić, V. and Saville, C. (2019). Deception (Under Uncertainty) as a Kind of Manipulation. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 97, 830835. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2019.1604777.
    Langer, E. J. and Rodin, J. (1976). The Effects of Choice and Enhanced Personal Responsibility for the Aged: A Field Experiment in an Institutional Setting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 191198. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.34.2.191.
    Lauria, F., Preissmann, D., and Clément, F. (2016). Self-Deception as Affective Coping: An Empirical Perspective on Philosophical Issues. Consciousness and Cognition, 41, 119134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2016.02.001.
    Lazar, A. (1999). Deceiving Oneself or Self-Deceived? On the Formation of Beliefs ‘Under the Influence’. Mind, 108, 263290. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/108.430.265.
    Lev-Yadun, S. (2003). Weapon (thorn) Automimicry and Mimicry of Aposematic Colorful Thorns in Plants. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 224, 183188.
    Levy, N. (2004). Self-Deception and Moral Responsibility. Ratio, 17, 294311. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0034-0006.2004.00255.x.
    Levy, N. (2016). Have I Turned the Stove Off? Explaining Everyday Anxiety. Philosophers’ Imprint, 16, 110. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.3521354.0016.002.
    Lick, D. J., Cortland, C. I., and Johnson, K. L. (2016). The Pupils Are the Windows to Sexuality: Pupil Dilation as a Visual Cue to Others’ Sexual Interest. Evolution and Human Behavior, 37, 117124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2015.09.004.
    Linsky, L. (1963). Deception. Inquiry, 6, 157169. https://doi.org/10.1080/00201746308601371.
    Livingstone Smith, D. (2014). Self-Deception: A Teleofunctional Approach. Philosophia, 42, 181199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11406-013-9464-z.
    Lockie, R. (2003). Depth Psychology and Self-Deception. Philosophical Psychology, 16, 127148. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951508032000067707.
    Lynch, K. (2012). On the ‘Tension’ Inherent in Self-Deception. Philosophical Psychology, 25, 433450. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2011.622364.
    Lynch, K. (2016). Willful Ignorance and Self-Deception. Philosophical Studies, 173, 505523. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-015-0504-3.
    Lynch, K. (2017). An Agentive Non-intentionalist Theory of Self-Deception. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 47, 779798. https://doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2017.1321909.
    Mahon, J. E. (2007). A Definition of Deceiving. International Journal of Applied Philosophy, 21, 181194. https://doi.org/10.5840/ijap20072124.
    Mahon, J. E. (2016). The Definition of Lying and Deception. In Zalta, E. N., ed., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/lying-definition/.
    Marcus, E. (2019). Reconciling Practical Knowledge with Self-Deception. Mind, 128, 12051225. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzy061.
    McKay, R. T. and Dennett, D. C. (2009). The Evolution of Misbelief. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 32, 493–451. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x09990975.
    McWhirter, G. (2016). Behavioural Deception and Formal Models of Communication. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 67, 757780. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/axv001.
    Mele, A. R. (1987). Irrationality – An Essay on Akrasia, Self-deception, and Self-control. Oxford: Oxford University Press
    Mele, A. R. (1997). Real Self-Deception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 20, 91136. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X97000034.
    Mele, A. R. (1999). Twisted Self-deception. Philosophical Psychology, 12, 117137.
    Mele, A. R. (2001). Self-Deception Unmasked. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
    Mele, A. R. (2006). Self-deception and Delusions. European Journal of Analytic Philosophy, 2, 109124.
    Mele, A. R. (2009). Delusional Confabulations and Self-Deception. In Hirstein, W., ed., Confabulation: Views from Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Psychology and Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 139158. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199208913.003.06.
    Mele, A. R. (2010). Approaching Self-Deception: How Robert Audi and I Part Company. Consciousness and Cognition, 19, 745750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2010.06.009.
    Mele, A. R. (2020). Self-Deception and Selectivity. Philosophical Studies, 177, 26972711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-019-01334-9.
    Michel, C. and Newen, A. (2010). Self-Deception as Pseudo-rational Regulation of Belief. Consciousness and Cognition, 19, 731744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2010.06.019.
    Mijović-Prelec, D. and Prelec, D. (2010). Self-Deception as Self-Signalling: A Model and Experimental Evidence. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, 365, 227240. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0218.
    Nelkin, D. (2002). Self-Deception, Motivation and the Desire to Believe. Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 83, 384406. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0114.t01-1-00156.
    Passos, I. D. and Mironidou-Tzouveleki, M. (2016). Hallucinogenic Plants in the Mediterranean Countries. In Preedy, V. R., ed., Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse; Volume 2: Stimulants, Club and Dissociative Drugs, Hallucinogens, Steroids, Inhalants and International Aspects. London: Academic Press, pp. 761772. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800212-4.00071-6.
    Pataki, T. (1997). Self-Deception and Wish-Fulfilment. Philosophia, 25, 297322. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02380036.
    Patten, D. (2003). How Do We Deceive Ourselves? Philosophical Psychology, 16, 229246. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515080307767.
    Pears, D. (1982). Motivated Irrationality, Freudian Theory and Cognitive Dissonance. In Wollheim, R., ed., Philosophical Essays on Freud. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 264288. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511554636.017.
    Pears, D. (1986). The Goals and Strategies of Self-Deception. In Elster, J., ed., The Multiple Self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 5978.
    Pears, D. (1991). Self-Deceptive Belief-Formation. Synthese, 89, 393405. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00413504.
    Quattrone, G. A. and Tversky, A. (1984). Causal versus Diagnostic Contingencies: On Self-Deception and on the Voter’s Illusion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 237248. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.46.2.237.
    Quilty-Dunn, J. and Mandelbaum, E. (2018). Against Dispositionalism: Belief in Cognitive Science. Philosophical Studies, 175, 23532372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-017-0962-x.
    Rieger, G. and Savin-Williams, R. C. (2012). The Eyes Have It: Sex and Sexual Orientation Differences in Pupil Dilation Patterns. PLoS One, 7, e40256. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040256.
    Saul, J. M. (2013). Lying, Misleading, and What Is Said: An Exploration in Philosophy of Language and in Ethics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Scott-Kakures, D. (1996). Self-Deception and Internal Irrationality. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 56, 3156. https://doi.org/10.2307/2108464.
    Scott-Kakures, D. (2000). Motivated Believing: Wishful and Unwelcome. Noûs, 34, 348375. https://doi.org/10.1111/0029-4624.00215.
    Scott-Kakures, D. (2001). High Anxiety: Barnes on What Moves the Unwelcome Believer. Philosophical Psychology, 14, 313326. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515080120072622.
    Scott-Kakures, D. (2002). At ‘Permanent Risk’: Reasoning and Self-Knowledge in Self-Deception. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 65, 576603. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1933-1592.2002.tb00222.x.
    Scott-Kakures, D. (2009). Unsettling Questions: Cognitive Dissonance in Self-Deception. Social Theory and Practice, 35, 73106. https://doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract20093515.
    Scott-Kakures, D. (2021). Self-Deceptive Inquiry: Disorientation, Doubt, Dissonance. Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 45, 457482. https://doi.org/10.5840/msp2021101213.
    Searcy, W. A. and Nowicki, S. (2005). The Evolution of Animal Communication: Reliability and Deception in Signaling Systems. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
    Šekrst, K. (2022). Everybody Lies: Deception Levels in Various Domains of Life. Biosemiotics, (Online First), 15, 309324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12304-022-09485-9.
    Sharpsteen, D. J. and Kirkpatrick, L. A. (1997). Romantic Jealousy and Adult Romantic Attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 627640. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.72.3.627.
    Shea, N., Godfrey-Smith, P., and Cao, R. (2018). Content in Simple Signalling Systems. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 69, 10091035. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/axw036.
    Skyrms, B. (2010). Signals. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Skyrms, B. and Barrett, J. A. (2019). Propositional Content in Signals. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 74, 3439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2019.01.005.
    Snyder, C. R., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., and Holleran, S. (1992). Reality Negotiation and Valence/Linkage of Self-Theories: Psychic Showdown at the ‘I’m OK’ Corral and Beyond. In Montada, L., Filipp, S.-H., and Lerner, M. J., eds., Life Crises and Experience of Loss in Adulthood. Hillsdale: Erlbaum, pp. 275297.
    Sorensen, R. (1984). Self-Deception and Scattered Events. Mind, 94, 6469. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/XCIV.373.64.
    Swann, W. B. Jr. (1983). Self-Verification: Bringing Social Reality into Harmony with the Self. In Suls, J. and Greenwald, A. G., eds., Social Psychological Perspectives on the Self, Vol. 2. New York: Erlbaum, pp. 3366.
    Szabados, B. (1974). Self-Deception. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 4, 5168. https://doi.org/10.2307/2219163.
    Taylor, C. R. L., Skokan, L. A., and Aspinwall, L. G. (1989). Maintaining Positive Illusions in the Face of Negative Information: Getting the Facts without Letting Them Get to You. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 8, 114129. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1521/jscp.1989.8.2.114.
    Taylor, M., Martin, B., and Wilsdon, J. (2010). The Scientific Century: Securing our Future Prosperity. The Royal Society, The Scientific Century: Securing Our Future Prosperity (royalsociety.org)
    Taylor, S. E. and Brown, J. D. (1988). Illusion and Well-Being: A Social Psychological Perspective on Mental Health. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 193210. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193.
    Tombs, S. and Silverman, I. (2004). Pupillometry; A Sexual Selection Approach. Evolution and Human Behavior, 25, 221228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2004.05.001.
    Trivers, R. (2011). The Folly of Fools; the Logic of Deceit and Self-Deception in Human Life. New York: Basic Books.
    Trope, Y. and Liberman, A. (1996). Social Hypothesis Testing: Cognitive and Motivational Mechanisms. In Higgins, E. and Kruglanski, E., eds., Social Psychology: A Handbook of Basic Principles. New York: Guilford Press, pp. 239270.
    Van Horne, W. A. (1981). Prolegomenon to a Theory of Deception. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 42, 171182. https://doi.org/10.2307/2107289.
    Van Leeuwen, N. (2007a). The Product of Self-Deception. Erkenntnis, 67, 419437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-007-9058-x.
    Van Leeuwen, N. (2007b). The Spandrels of Self-Deception: Prospects for a Biological Theory of a Mental Phenomenon. Philosophical Psychology, 20, 329348. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/09515080701197148.
    Van Leeuwen, N. (2009). Self-Deception Won’t Make You Happy. Social Theory and Practice, 35, 107132. https://doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract20093516.
    Von Hippel, W. and Trivers, R. (2011). The Evolution and Psychology of Self-Deception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 34, 116. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X10001354.
    Wehofsits, A. (2023). The Relationship between Self-Deception and Other-Deception. The Southern Journal of Philosophy, 62, 263275. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjp.12540.
    West-Eberhard, M. J. (1979). Sexual Selection, Social Competition, and Evolutions. Proceedings of The American Philosophical Society, 123, 222234. https://doi.org/10.1086/413215.

    Metrics

    Altmetric attention score

    Full text views

    Total number of HTML views: 0
    Total number of PDF views: 0 *
    Loading metrics...

    Book summary page views

    Total views: 0 *
    Loading metrics...

    * Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

    Usage data cannot currently be displayed.

    Accessibility standard: WCAG 2.1 AA

    Why this information is here

    This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.

    Accessibility Information

    The PDF of this book complies with version 2.1 of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), covering newer accessibility requirements and improved user experiences and achieves the intermediate (AA) level of WCAG compliance, covering a wider range of accessibility requirements.

    Content Navigation
    Table of contents navigation

    Allows you to navigate directly to chapters, sections, or non‐text items through a linked table of contents, reducing the need for extensive scrolling.

    Reading Order and Textual Equivalents
    Single logical reading order

    You will encounter all content (including footnotes, captions, etc.) in a clear, sequential flow, making it easier to follow with assistive tools like screen readers.

    Short alternative textual descriptions

    You get concise descriptions (for images, charts, or media clips), ensuring you do not miss crucial information when visual or audio elements are not accessible.

    Visual Accessibility
    Use of colour is not sole means of conveying information

    You will still understand key ideas or prompts without relying solely on colour, which is especially helpful if you have colour vision deficiencies.

    Structural and Technical Features
    ARIA roles provided

    You gain clarity from ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) roles and attributes, as they help assistive technologies interpret how each part of the content functions.