Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 7
    • Show more authors
    • Open Access
      You have digital access to this book
    • Select format
    • Publisher:
      Cambridge University Press
      Publication date:
      07 April 2023
      11 May 2023
      ISBN:
      9781009004596
      9781009001304
      Creative Commons:
      Creative Common License - CC Creative Common License - BY Creative Common License - NC
      This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC 4.0.
      https://creativecommons.org/creativelicenses
      Dimensions:
      Weight & Pages:
      Dimensions:
      (229 x 152 mm)
      Weight & Pages:
      0.15kg, 86 Pages
    Open Access
    You have digital access to this book
    Selected: Digital
    View content
    Add to cart View cart Buy from Cambridge.org

    Book description

    Modality is a vast phenomenon. In fact, it is arguably a plurality of phenomena. Within it, one type of modality warrants distinctive interest in philosophy and, in particular, in metaphysics. In view of this, this Element has a first part devoted to modality as a general phenomenon, where different types of modalities are distinguished, and where the question of unification is raised. Following this, the second part is focused on metaphysical modality: the type of modality that is of distinctive interest in metaphysics, and thus for the series of this Element. In this second part, the overarching question is about the source of metaphysical modality, and the discussion here informs back, and is informed by, the question of unification from the first part. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.

    References

    Armstrong, David M. (1989). A Combinatorial Theory of Possibility. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Ayer, A. J. (1936/1952). Language, Truth and Logic. New York: Dover.
    Baldwin, Tom. (2002). Kantian Modality. Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume, 76(1): 124.
    Berto, Franz. (2010). Impossible Worlds and Propositions: Against the Parity Thesis. Philosophical Quarterly, 60(240): 471–86.
    Berto, Franz, and Jago, Mark. (2018). Impossible Worlds. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta, https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/impossible-worlds/.
    Blackburn, Simon. (1986/1993). Morals and Modals. In Essays in Quasi-Realism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 5274.
    Boghossian, Paul. (1996). Analyticity Reconsidered. Noûs, 30(3): 360–91.
    Boghossian, Paul and Williamson, Timothy. (2020). Debating the A Priori. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Borghini, Andrea. (2016). A Critical Introduction to the Metaphysics of Modality. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
    Borghini, Andrea and Williams, Neil. (2008). A Dispositional Theory of Possibility. Dialectica, 61(1): 2141.
    Brandom, Robert. (2008). Between Saying and Doing: Towards an Analytic Pragmatism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Brody, Baruch. (1967). Natural Kinds and Real Essences. Journal of Philosophy, 64: 431–46.
    Bueno, Otavio and Shalkowski, Scott. (2009). Modalism and Logical Pluralism. Mind, 118: 295321.
    Bueno, Otavio and Shalkowski, Scott. (2015). Modalism and Theoretical Virtues: Toward an Epistemology of Modality. Philosophical Studies, 172: 671–89.
    Cameron, Ross. (2008). Truthmakers and Modality. Synthese, 164(2): 261–80.
    Cameron, Ross. (2012). Why Lewis’s Analysis of Modality Succeeds in Its Reductive Ambitions. Philosophers’ Imprint, 12(8): 121.
    Cameron, Ross. (2021). Modal Conventionalism. In The Routledge Handbook of Modality, edited by Bueno, Otavio and Shalkowski, Scott. Oxford: Routledge, 136–45.
    Carnap, Rudolf. (1947). Meaning and Necessity: A Study in Semantics and Modal Logic. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
    Casullo, Albert. (2020). Essence and Explanation. Metaphysics, 2: 8896.
    Chalmers, David. (1996). The Conscious Mind. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Chalmers, David. (2002). Does Conceivability Entail Possibility? In Conceivability and Possibility, edited by Gendler, Tamar Szabó and Hawthorne, John. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 145200.
    Chalmers, David. (2004). Epistemic Two-Dimensional Semantics. Philosophical Studies, 118(1/2): 153226.
    Chrisman, Matthew, and Scharp, Kevin. (2022). Book Review of Norms and Necessity, by Amie Thomasson. Mind, zab094, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzab094.
    Cieśluk, Andrzej. (2010). De Re/De Dicto Distinctions (Syntactic, Semantic and Pragmatic Interpretation). Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric, 22(35): 8194.
    Clarke-Doane, Justin. (2021). Metaphysical and Absolute Possibility. Synthese, 198(8): S1861–72.
    Correia, Fabrice. (2012). On the Reduction of Necessity to Essence. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, LXXXIV(3): 639–53.
    Correia, Fabrice, and Skiles, Alexander. (2019). Grounding, Essence, and Identity. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 98(3): 642–70.
    Correia, Fabrice, and Skiles, Alexander. (2021). Modality, Essence, and Identity. Mind, fzab017, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzab017.
    Craig, Edward. (1985). Arithmetic and Fact. In Exercises in Analysis, edited by Hacking, Ian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 89112.
    Cresswell, Max, and Hughes, George. (1968). An Introduction to Modal Logic. Oxford: Methuen Young Books.
    De, Michael. (2020). A Modal Account of Essence. Metaphysics, 3(1): 1732.
    DeRosset, Louis. (2009a). Possible Worlds I: Modal Realism. Philosophy Compass, 4(6): 9981008.
    DeRosset, Louis. (2009b). Possible Worlds II: Non-Reductive Theories of Possible Worlds. Philosophy Compass, 4(6): 1009–21.
    Divers, John. (1999). A Genuine Realist Theory of Advanced Modalizing. Mind, 108(430): 217–39.
    Divers, John. (2002). Possible Worlds. New York: Routledge.
    Divers, John and Fletcher, Jade. (2020). (Once Again) Lewis on the Analysis of Modality. Synthese, 197(2): 4645–68.
    Divers, John and Melia, Joseph (2002). The Analytic Limit of Genuine Modal Realism. Mind, 111(441): 1536.
    Divers, John and Parry, John. (2017). Advanced Modalizing De Dicto and De Re. Analysis, 78(3): 415–25.
    Edgington, Dorothy. (2004). Two Kinds of Possibility. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volumes, 78: 122.
    Fine, Kit. (1994). Essence and Modality: The Second Philosophical Perspectives Lecture. Philosophical Perspectives, 8: 116.
    Fine, Kit. (2005). The Varieties of Necessity. In Modality and Tense. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 235–60.
    Fischer, Bob and Leon, Felipe (eds.). (2017). Modal Epistemology after Rationalism, Synthese Library 378. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
    Forbes, Graeme. (1985). The Metaphysics of Modality. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    Forbes, Graeme. (1989). Languages of Possibility: An Essay in Philosophical Logic. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
    Forbes, Graeme. (2001). Origins and Identities. In Individuals, Essence and Identity, Themes of Analytic Metaphysics, edited by Bottani, Andrea, Carrara, Massimiliano, and Giarretta, Pierdaniele. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 319–40.
    André, Gallois. (1998). De Re, De Dicto. In Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Craig, Edward, www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/de-re-de-dicto/v-1.
    Gendler, Tamar Szabó and Hawthorne, John (eds.). (2002). Conceivability and Possibility. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    Glazier, Martin. (2022). Essence, Elements in Metaphysics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Godman, Marion, Mallozzi, Antonella, and Papineau, David. (2020). Essential Properties Are Super-Explanatory: Taming Metaphysical Modality. Journal of the American Philosophical Association, 6(3): 316–34.
    Hale, Bob. (2002). The Source of Necessity. Philosophical Perspectives, 16: 299319.
    Hale, Bob. (2012). What Is Absolute Necessity? Philosophia Scienciate, 16(2): 117–48.
    Hale, Bob. (2013). Necessary Beings: An Essay on Ontology, Modality, and the Relations between Them. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Hale, Bob. (2018). Essence and Existence, edited by Leech, Jessica. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Hale, Bob, and Leech, Jessica. (2017). Relative Necessity Reformulated. Journal of Philosophical Logic, 46(1): 126.
    Humberstone, Lloyd. (1981). Relative Necessity Revisited. Reports on Mathematical Logic, 13: 3342.
    Jackson, Frank. (1998). From Metaphysics to Ethics: A Defence of Conceptual Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Jacobs, Jonathan. (2010). A Powers Theory of Modality: Or, How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Reject Possible Worlds. Philosophical Studies, 151: 227–48.
    Jago, Mark. (1996). Advanced Modalizing Problems. Mind, 125(499): 627–42.
    Jago, Mark. (2021). Knowing How Things Might Have Been. Synthese, 198: 1981–99.
    Jubien, Michael. (2009). Possibility. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Kaplan, David. (1989). Demonstratives. In Themes from Kaplan, edited by Almog, Joseph, Perry, John, and Wettstein, Howard. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 481563.
    Kiourti, Ira. (2010). Real Impossible Worlds: the Bounds of Possibility. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of St Andrews.
    Kment, Boris. (2006a). Counterfactuals and Explanation. Mind, 115(458): 261309.
    Kment, Boris. (2006b). Counterfactuals and the Analysis of Necessity. Philosophical Perspectives, 20: 237302.
    Kment, Boris. (2014). Modality and Explanatory Reasoning, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Kment, Boris. (2021). Varieties of Modality. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta, https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2021/entries/modality-varieties/.
    Knobe, Joshua, Olum, Ken, and Vilekin, Alexander. (2006). Philosophical Implications of Inflationary Cosmology. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 57(1): 4767.
    Kripke, Saul. (1972/1980). Naming and Necessity, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    Lange, Marc. (2005). A Counterfactual Analysis of the Concepts of Logical Truth and Necessity. Philosophical Studies, 125: 277303.
    Leech, Jessica. (2016). The Varieties of (Relative) Modality. Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 97(2): 158–80.
    Leech, Jessica. (2017). Potentiality. Analysis, 77(2): 457–67.
    Leech, Jessica. (2020). Relative Necessity Extended. Journal of Applied Logics, 7(6): 1177–98.
    Leech, Jessica. (2021). From Essence to Necessity via Identity. Mind, 130(519): 887908.
    Leslie, Sarah-Jane. (2011). Essence, Plenitude, and Paradox. Philosophical Perspectives, 25: 277–96.
    Lewis, David. (1973). Counterfactuals. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
    Lewis, David. (1986). On the Plurality of Worlds. Oxford: Blackwell Press.
    Linsky, Bernard, and Zalta, Edward. (1994). In Defense of the Simplest Quantified Modal Logic. Philosophical Perspectives, 8: 431–58.
    Linsky, Bernard, and Zalta, Edward. (1996). In Defense of the Contingently Nonconcrete. Philosophical Studies, 84: 283–94.
    Locke, Theodore, and Thomasson, Amie. (2023). Modal Knowledge and Modal Methodology. In Epistemology of Modality and Philosophical Methodology, edited by Prelević, Dusko and Vaidya, Anand. New York: Routledge, 284301.
    Lowe, Jonathan. (2008). Two Notions of Being: Entity and Essence. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement, 62: 2348.
    Lowe, Jonathan. (2012). What Is the Source of Our Knowledge of Modal Truths? Mind, 121(484): 919–50.
    Lycan, William. (1991). Two – No, Three – Concepts of Possible Worlds. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society (New Series), 91: 215–27.
    Mackie, Penelope. (1994). Sortal Concepts and Essential Properties. Philosophical Quarterly, 44: 311–33.
    Mackie, Penelope. (2006). How Things Might Have Been: Individuals, Kinds, and Essential Properties. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Mackie, Penelope. (2020). Can Metaphysical Modality be Based on Essence? In Metaphysics, Meaning, and Modality. Themes from Kit Fine, edited by Dumitru, Mircea. New York: Oxford University Press, 247–64.
    Mallozzi, Antonella. (2021a). Putting Modal Metaphysics First. Synthese, 198(S8): S1937–56.
    Mallozzi, Antonella. (2021b). Two Notions of Metaphysical Modality. Synthese, 198(S6): 13871408.
    Mallozzi, Antonella. (2023). Semantic Rules, Modal Knowledge, and Analyticity. In Epistemology of Modality and Philosophical Methodology, edited by Prelević, Dusko and Vaidya, Anand. New York: Routledge, 265–83.
    Mallozzi, Antonella. (in press). What Is Absolute Modality? Special Issue on Pluralism, Relativism and Skepticism. Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
    Matthews, Gareth. (1990). Aristotelian Essentialism. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 50: 251–62.
    McGinn, Colin. (1976). On the Necessity of Origins. Journal of Philosophy 73(5): 127–35.
    Melia, Joseph. (2003). Modality. Chesham, UK: Acumen.
    Miller, Richard. (1992). Genuine Modal Realism: Still the Only Non-Circular Game in Town. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 71(2): 159–60.
    Nelson, Michael. (2019). The De Re/De Dicto Distinction. Supplement to Propositional Attitude Reports. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2022 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta, https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/prop-attitude-reports/.
    Nolan, Daniel. (1997). Impossible Worlds: A Modest Approach. Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 38(4): 535–72.
    Nolan, Daniel. (2013). Impossible Worlds. Philosophy Compass, 8(4): 360–72.
    Nolan, Daniel. (2020). Modal Fictionalism. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2022 Edition), edited by Zalta, Edward N., https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/fictionalism-modal/.
    Noonan, Harold. (2014). The Adequacy of Genuine Modal Realism. Mind, 123(491): 851–60.
    Noonan, Harold. (2018). The New Aristotelian Essentialists. Metaphysica, 19: 8793.
    Parsons, Josh. (2007). Against Advanced Modalizing. Unpublished manuscipt, www.academia.edu/1016958/Against_advanced_modalizing.
    Peacocke, Christopher. (1999). Being Known. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Peacocke, Christopher. (2002). Principles for Possibilia. Noûs, 36(3): 486508.
    Plantinga, Alvin. (1974). The Nature of Necessity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Prelević, Duško, and Vaidya, Anand. (2023). Epistemology of Modality and Philosophical Methodology. New York: Routledge.
    Prior, Arthur. (1957). Time and Modality. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    Putnam, Hilary. (1975a). The Meaning of ‘Meaning’. Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 7: 215–71; reprinted in (Putnam 1975b).
    Putnam, Hilary. (1975b). Mind, Language and Reality (Philosophical Papers, Volume 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Quine, Willard Van Orman. (1943). Notes on Existence and Necessity. Journal of Philosophy, 40: 113–27.
    Quine, Willard Van Orman. (1960). Word and Object. Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
    Reinert, Janine. (2013). Ontological Omniscience in Lewisian Modal Realism. Analysis 74(4): 676–82.
    Robertson, Teresa. (2000). Essentialism: Origin and Order. Mind, 108: 299307.
    Robertson, Teresa, and Atkins, Philip. (2020). Essential vs. Accidental Properties. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Zalta, Edward N., https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2020/entries/essential-accidental/.
    Roca-Royes, Sònia. (2006). Peacocke’s Principle-Based Account: ‘Flexibility of Origins’ Plus S4. Erkenntnis 65(3): 405–26.
    Roca-Royes, Sònia. (2011a). Essential Properties and Individual Essences. Philosophy Compass, 6(1): 6577.
    Roca-Royes, Sònia. (2011b). Essentialism vis-à-vis Possibilia, Modal Logic, and Necessitism. Philosophy Compass, 6(1): 5464.
    Roca-Royes, Sònia. (2012). Essentialist Blindness Would Not Preclude Counterfactual Knowledge. Philosophia Scientiae (Special Issue on Modalities: Semantics and Epistemology), 16(2): 149–72.
    Roca-Royes, Sònia. (2016). Rethinking Origin Essentialism (for Artefacts). In Reality Making, edited by Jago, Mark. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 153–78.
    Roca-Royes, Sònia. (2017). Similarity and Possibility: An Epistemology of De Re Possibility for Concrete Entities. In Modal Epistemology after Rationalism, edited by Fischer, Bob and Leon, Felipe. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 221–45.
    Roca-Royes, Sònia. (2018). Rethinking the Epistemology of Modality for Abstracta. In Being Necessary. Themes of Ontology and Modality from the Work of Bob Hale, edited by Fred-Rivera, Ivette and Leech, Jessica. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 245–65.
    Roca-Royes, Sònia. (2020). Genuine Modal Realism, the Humean Thesis and Advanced Modalizing. Synthese, 197: 4669–90.
    Romero, Carlos. (2019). Modality Is Not Explainable by Essence. Philosophical Quarterly, 69(274): 121–41.
    Rosen, Gideon. (1990). Modal Fictionalism. Mind, 99: 327–54.
    Rosen, Gideon. (2015). Real Definition. Analytic Philosophy, 56(3): 189209.
    Roy, Tony. (2000). Things and De Re Modality. Noûs, 34(1): 5684.
    Russell, Gillian. (2008). Truth in Virtue of Meaning: A Defence of the Analytic/Synthetic Distinction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Russell, Gillian. (2014). Metaphysical Analyticity and the Epistemology of Logic. Philosophical Studies, 171: 161–75.
    Salmon, Nathan. (1981). Reference and Essence. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    Schroeder, Mark. (2008). What Is the Frege–Geach Problem? Philosophy Compass, 3(4): 703–20.
    Sellars, Wilfrid. (1953). Inference and Meaning. Mind, 62(247): 313–38.
    Scott, Shalkowski. and Bueno, Otavio. (2000). A Plea for a Modal Realist Epistemology. Acta Analytica, 15(24): 175–93.
    Shoemaker, Sidney. (1980). Causality and Properties. In Time and Cause, edited by van Inwagen., Peter Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 109–36.
    Shoemaker, Sidney. (1998). Causal and Metaphysical Necessity. Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 79: 5977.
    Sidelle, Alan. (1989). Necessity, Essence, and Individuation, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
    Sider, Theodor. (2002). The Ersatz Pluriverse. Journal of Philosophy, 99: 279315.
    Sider, Theodor. (2011). Writing the Book of the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Smiley, Timothy. (1963). Relative Necessity. Journal of Symbolic Logic, 28(2): 113–34.
    Soames, Scott. (2004). Reference and Description. The Case against Two-Dimensionalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    Stalnaker, Robert. (1976). Possible Worlds.Noûs, 10(1): 6575.
    Strohminger, Margot. (2015). Perceptual Knowledge of Nonactual Possibilities. Philosophical Perspectives, 29: 363–75.
    Tahko, Tuomas. (2017). Empirically-Informed Modal Rationalism. In Modal Epistemology after Rationalism, edited by Fischer, Bob and Leon, Felipe. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2945.
    Tahko, Tuomas. (2018). The Epistemology of Essence. In Ontology, Modality, Mind: Themes from the Metaphysics of E. J. Lowe, edited by Carruth, Alexander, Gibb, Sophie, and Heil, John. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 93110.
    Tahko, Tuomas. (2022). Possibility Precedes Actuality. Erkenntnis, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-022-00518-w.
    Thomasson, Amie. (2007). Modal Normativism and the Methods of Metaphysics. Philosophical Topics, 35(1–2): 135–60.
    Thomasson, Amie. (2009). Non-Descriptivism about Modality: A Brief History and Revival. Baltic International Yearbook of Cognition, Logic and Communication, 4: 126.
    Thomasson, Amie. (2013). Norms and nNecessity. Southern Journal of Philosophy, 51: 143–60.
    Thomasson, Amie. (2015). Ontology Made Easy. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Thomasson, Amie. (2020). Norms and Necessity. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Thomasson, Amie. (2021). How Can We Come to Know Metaphysical Modal Truths? Synthese, 198(S8): S20772106.
    Vaidya, Anand. (2008). Modal Rationalism and Modal Monism. Erkenntnis, 68(2): 191212.
    Vaidya, Anand, and Wallner, Michael. (2021). The Epistemology of Modality and the Problem of Modal Epistemic Friction. Synthese, 198(S8): S1909–35.
    Vetter, Barbara. (2015). Potentiality: From Dispositions to Modality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Vetter, Barbara. (2021). Essence, Potentiality, and Modality. Mind, 130(519): 833–61.
    Vetter, Barbara. (2023). An Agency-Based Approach to Modal Epistemology. In Epistemology of Modality and Philosophical Methodology, edited by Prelević, Duško and Vaidya, Anand. New York: Routledge, 4469.
    Wallner, Michael. (2020). The Structure of Essentialist Explanations of Necessity. Thought: A Journal of Philosophy, 9(1): 413.
    Wallner, Michael, and Vaidya, Anand. (2020). Essence, Explanation, and Modality. Philosophy, 95: 419–45.
    Wang, Jennifer. (2015). The Modal Limits of Dispositionalism. Noûs, 49(3): 454–69.
    Wang, Jennifer. (2020). Potentiality, Modality and Time. Philosophical Inquiries, 8(1): 185–98.
    Whittle, Bruno. (2010). There Are Brute Necessities. Philosophical Quarterly, 60: 149–59.
    Wiggins, David. (1980). Sameness and Substance. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
    Wildman, Nathan. (2013). Modality, Sparsity, and Essence. Philosophical Quarterly, 63(253): 760–82.
    Wildman, Nathan. (2021). Against the Reduction of Modality to Essence. Synthese, 198(S6): 1455–71.
    Williamson, Timothy. (2000). The Necessary Framework of Objects. Topoi, 19(2): 201–8.
    Williamson, Timothy. (2007). The Philosophy of Philosophy. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
    Williamson, Timothy. (2010). Necessitism, Contingentism, and Plural Quantification. Mind, 119(475): 657748.
    Williamson, Timothy. (2013). Modal Logic as Metaphysics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Williamson, Timothy. (2016). Modal Science. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 46(4–5): 453–92.
    Wilsch, Tobias. (2017). Sophisticated Modal Primitivism. Philosophical Issues, 27(1): 428–48.
    Wilson, Alastair. (2020). The Nature of Contingency. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Wittgenstein, Ludwig. (1922/1933). Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. translated by Charles Kay Ogden. London: Routledge.
    Wright, Crispin. (1980). Wittgenstein on the Foundations of Mathematics. London: Duckworth.
    Yagisawa, Takashi. (1988). Beyond Possible Worlds. Philosophical Studies, 53: 175204.
    Yagisawa, Takashi. (2009). Possible Objects. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2009/entries/possible-objects/.

    Metrics

    Altmetric attention score

    Full text views

    Total number of HTML views: 0
    Total number of PDF views: 0 *
    Loading metrics...

    Book summary page views

    Total views: 0 *
    Loading metrics...

    * Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

    Usage data cannot currently be displayed.

    Accessibility standard: Unknown

    Why this information is here

    This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.

    Accessibility Information

    Accessibility compliance for the PDF of this book is currently unknown and may be updated in the future.