Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 22
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
May 2014
Print publication year:
2014
Online ISBN:
9781139094108

Book description

Over the past century, the United States has created a global network of military bases. While the force structure offers protection to US allies, it maintains the threat of violence toward others, both creating and undermining security. Amy Austin Holmes argues that the relationship between the US military presence and the non-US citizens under its security umbrella is inherently contradictory. She suggests that while the host population may be fully enfranchised citizens of their own government, they are at the same time disenfranchised vis-à-vis the US presence. This study introduces the concept of the 'protectariat' as they are defined not by their relationship to the means of production, but rather by their relationship to the means of violence. Focusing on Germany and Turkey, Holmes finds remarkable parallels in the types of social protest that occurred in both countries, particularly non-violent civil disobedience, labor strikes of base workers, violent attacks and kidnappings, and opposition parties in the parliaments.

Reviews

'This important excursion into America’s Cold War ‘empire of bases’ is concisely written, thoroughly documented, and rich with insight. Amy Holmes has written a first-rate book.'

Andrew J. Bacevich - Boston University, Massachusetts

'Amy Austin Holmes has written a timely and important book. In it, she addresses a pressing issue in international relations - the rise of America’s ‘empire of bases’ in the postwar era. Holmes offers a compelling account of the anti-base social movements, their roots, and their impact on the American presence, showing the importance of social mobilization for restricting the US ambition to house its bases in Europe as well as illustrating how the anti-base movement became a great deal more effective once it harnessed the power of the labor movement. This study will be judged a signal contribution not just to the study of American military history, but also to the study of social movements.'

Vivek Chibber - New York University

'This book addresses the politics of American military bases within a comparative analysis of Germany and Turkey. Through this, Amy Austin Holmes convincingly argues about the relevance of these cases in order to understand the development of the United States as a global power, pointing at the number of American bases outside the continental United States, as well as their peculiar forms. This book is well researched, utilizing archival materials on the US appreciation of and reaction to the peace movements in a very interesting manner.'

Donatella Della Porta - European University Institute

'This is a well-written book on an understudied subject, especially in Turkey. Its rich archival data is complemented by an impressive number of interviews conducted in Turkey, Germany, and United States.'

Ömer Aslan Source: Insight Turkey

'In arguably one of the best scholarly treatments on the subject since Alexander Cooley’s Base Politics, Holmes broadens her notion of anti-base opposition beyond protests to include different forms of contentious politics. This includes non-violent civil disobedience, labor disputes, parliamentary opposition, and acts of violence and terrorism. Holmes also explores the security relationship between the United States and host governments and the difficulty in sustaining political legitimacy over US bases in the long run.”

Andrew I. Yeo Source: Perspectives on Politics

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

Bibliography

1961. “Military Bases of the USA and FRG in Europe.” International Affairs: 108–110.
1980. “Turkey, Greece, and NATO: The Strained Alliance.” Edited by Committee on Foreign Relations of the U.S. Senate.
1983. Weißbuch der Bundeswehr. Bonn: Bundesverteidigungsministerium der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
1995. “United States Security Strategy for Europe and NATO.” edited by Department of Defense. Washington, DC: Office of International Security Affairs.
2002. Cumhuriyet Ansiklopedisi Istanbul.
Abramowitz, Morton. 2000. Turkey’s Transformation and American Policy. New York: Century Foundation Press.
Achilles, Olaf. 1987. Tiefflug: Bornheim: Lamuv Verlag.
Affairs, Office of International Security. 1995. “United States Security for Europe and NATO.” Edited by Department of Defense: DoD, Washington, DC.
Ahmad, Feroz. 1977. The Turkish Experiment in Democracy 1950–1975. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Ahmad, Feroz. 1993. The Making of Modern Turkey. London and New York: Routledge.
Ahmad, Feroz 2004. “The Historical Background of Turkey’s Foreign Policy.” In The Future of Turkish Foreign Policy, edited by Lenore G. Martin and Dimitris Keridis. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Aldrich, Robert and John Connell. 1998. The Last Colonies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Alexander, Yonah and Dennis A. Pluchinsky. 1992. Europe’s Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations. London: Frank Cass.
Ali, Tariq. 2004. Bush in Babylon: The Recolonisation of Iraq. London: Verso.
Altınay, Ayşe Gül 2004. The Myth of the Military-Nation: Militarism, Gender, and Education in Turkey. New York: Palgrave.
Altınay, Ayşe Gül and Amy Holmes. 2009. “Resistance to the American Military Presence in Turkey in the Context of the Iraq War.” In The Bases of Empire: The Global Struggle against US Military Posts, edited by Catherine Lutz: London: Pluto Press.
Alvah, Donna. 2007. Unofficial Ambassadors: American Military Families Overseas and the Cold War 1946–1965. New York: New York University Press.
Alvarez, David J. 1974. “The Missouri Visit to Turkey: An Alternative Perspective on Cold War Diplomacy.” Balkan Studies Journal 15: 225–236.
Anderson, Jeffrey, John J. Ikenberry, and Thomas Risse (eds.). 2008. The End of the West? Crisis and Change in the Atlantic Order. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University.
Andries, Nathalie (ed.). 2004. Zerreissprobe Frieden: Baden-Wuerttemberg und Der Nato-Doppelbeschlus. Stuttgart: Haus der Geschichte.
Angerer, Jo, Sabine Lauxen, Erich Schmidt-Eenboom (eds.). 1990. “Amerikanische Freunde”: Die Politik der US-Streitkraefte in der Bundesrepublik. Frankfurt: Sammlung Luchterhand Verlag.
Arrighi, Giovanni. 1994. The Long Twentieth Century: Money, Power, and the Origins of Our Times. London and New York: Verso.
Arrighi, Giovanni. 2005. “Hegemony Unravelling – 2.” New Left Review 33: 83–117.
Arrighi, Giovanni 2007. Adam Smith in Beijing: Lineages of the Twenty-First Century. London and New York: Verso.
Arrighi, Giovanni, Beverly J. Silver, and Iftikhar Ahmad. 1999. Chaos and Governance in the Modern World System. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Atkins, Sean. 2004. “What Influences Negative Domestic Reactions to Deploying Forces into Allied States.” Air Power History 51 (Winter): 40–51.
Aydin, Mustafa. 2004. “Turkish Foreign Policy: Framework and Analysis.” Ankara: Center for Strategic Research.
Bacevich, Andrew J. 2002. American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bah, Umaru. 2008. “Daniel Lerner, Cold War Propaganda and US Development Communication Research: An Historical Critique.” Journal of Third World Studies 25, Nr 1: 183–198.
Bahro, Rudolf. 1982. Socialism and Survival. London: Heretic Books.
Baker, Anni P. 2004. American Soldiers Overseas: The Global Military Presence. London: Praeger.
Balfour-Paul, Glen. 1991. The End of Empire in the Middle East: Britain’s Relinquishment of Power in Her Last Three Arab Dependencies. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
Barreto, Amílcar Antonio. 2002. Vieques, the Navy and Puerto Rican Politics. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
Bartholomew, Amy. 2006. Empire’s Law: The American Imperial Project and the “War to Remake the World.”London, Ann Arbor, MI, and Toronto: Pluto and Between the Lines.
Bebermeyer, Hartmut and Christian Thimann. 1989. Die ökonomische Bedeutung der US-Streitkräfte in der Bundesrepublik. Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse. Köln: Deutscher Instituts-Verlag
Benhabib, Seyla. 1979. “The Next Iran or the Next Brazil: Right-wing Groups behind Political Violence in Turkey.” MERIP Reports 77: 16–17.
Berghan, Volker. 1981. Militarism: The History of an International Debate 1861–1979. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Berktay, Halil. 1992. “The Search for the Peasant in Western and Turkish History/Historiography.” In New Approaches to State and Peasant in Ottoman History, edited by Suraiya Faroqhi, Halil Berktay. London: Frank Cass.
Betz, Hans-Georg. 1989. “Strange Love? How the Greens began to Love NATO.” German Studies Review 12:487–505.
Bila, Fikret. 2004. Sivil Darbe Girişimi ve Ankara’da Irak Savaşları. Ankara: Ümit Yayıncılık.
Binnendijk, Hans., Alfred Friendly, and United States Congress Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. 1980. Turkey, Greece, and NATO: The Strained Alliance: A Staff Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate. Washington: U.S. G.P.O.
Blackwill, Robert D. 1992. “Patterns of Partnership: The US-German Security Relationship in the 1990s.” In From Occupation to Cooperation: The United States and Germany in a Changing World Order, edited by Steven Muller and Gebhard Schweigler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Blaker, James R. 1990. United States Overseas Basing: An Anatomy of the Dilemma. New York: Praeger.
Boutwell, Jeffrey. 1990. The German Nuclear Dilemma. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Bracken, Paul. 1995. “Reconsidering Civil-Military Relations.” In US Civil-Military Relations in Crisis or Transition?, edited by Don M. Snider and Miranda A. Carlton-Crew. Washington, DC: The Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Bredthauer, Karl D. 1982. “Ziehen die Amerikaner ab?Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik 27.
Breyman, Steve. 1998. Movement Genesis: Social Movement Theory and the 1980s West German Peace Movement. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Breyman, Steve. 2001. Why Movements Matter: The West German Peace movement and U.S. Arms Control Policy. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Burawoy, Michael. 1983. “Between the Labor Process and the State: the Changing Face of Factory Regimes under Advanced Capitalism.” American Sociological Review 48.
Burbank, Jane and Cooper, Frederick. 2010. Empires in World History: Power and the Politics of Difference. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Buro, Andreas. 1997. Totgesagte Leben Länger: Die Friedensbewegung: Von Der Ost-West-Konfrontation Zur Zivilen Konfliktbearbeitung. Idstein.
Butterwegge, Christoph, Klaus Jkubowski, Ekkehard Lentz, and Siegfried Ziegert (eds.). 1983. Friedensbewegung – was nun? Probleme und Perspektiven nach der Raketenstationierung. Hamburg: VSA-Verlag.
Byers, Michael. 2008. “Crisis, What Crisis? Transatlantic Differences and the Foundations of International Law.” In The End of the West? Crisis and Change in the Atlantic Order, edited by Jeffrey Anderson, G. John Ikenberry, and Thomas Risse. Ithaca: Cornell University.
Cain, P. J., and A. G. Hopkins. 1993. British Imperialism: Crisis and Deconstruction, 1914–1990. London and New York: Longman.
Calder, Kent E. 2007. Embattled Garrisons: Comparative Base Politics and American Globalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Caliskan, Koray, Yuksel Taskin. 2003. “Litmus Test: Turkey’s Neo-Islamists Weigh War and Peace.” MERIP. Published online Jan 30, http://www.koraycaliskan.net/docs/articles/K-Caliskan_Litmus_Test.pdf.
Calleo, David P. 1987. Beyond American Hegemony: The Future of the Western Alliance. New York: Basic Books.
Calleo, David P. 1992. The Bankrupting of America: How the Federal Budget is Impoverishing the Nation. New York: W. Morrow.
Candar, Cengiz. 2000. “Some Turkish Perspectives on the United States and American Policy toward Turkey.” In Turkey’s Transformation and American Policy, edited by Morton Abramowitz. New York: Century Foundation Press.
Cartwright, John and Julian Critchley. 1985. Cruise, Pershing and SS-20: The Search for Consensus: Nuclear Weapons in Europe. London: Brassey’s Defense Publishers.
Castellon, David. 1998. “Candy Bomber Delivers Happiness.” Air Force Times 58.
Chandler, William M. and Alan Siaroff. 1986. “Postindustrial Politics in Germany and the Origins of the Greens.” Comparative Politics 18:303–325.
Cleveland, William L. 2000. A History of the Modern Middle East. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Cohen, Stephen S., and John Zysman. 1987. Manufacturing Matters: The Myth of the Post-Industrial Economy. New York: Basic Books.
Cook, Schura. 1982. “Germany: From Protest to Terrorism.” In Terrorism in Europe, edited by Yonah Alexander and Kenneth A. Myers. New York: St. Martins PressCenter for Strategic and International Studies Georgetown.
Cook, Steven A. 2007. Ruling but Not Governing: The Military and Political Development in Egypt, Algeria, and Turkey. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Cook, Steven A., and Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall. 2006. “Generating Momentum for a New Era in US-Turkey Relations.” New York: Council on Foreign Relations.
Cooley, Alexander. 2008. Base Politics: Democratic Change and the U.S. Military Overseas. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Cooper, Alice Holmes. 1996. Paradoxes of Peace: German Peace Movements since 1945. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Cortright, David. 2006. “The World Says No: The Global Movement against War in Iraq.” In Iraq Crisis and World Order: Structural, Institutional, and Normative Challenges, edited by Ramesh Chandra Thakur and Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu. Tokyo: United Nations University Press.
Cossaboom, Robert and Gary Leiser. 1998. “Adana Station 1943–45: Prelude to the Post-War American Military Presence in Turkey.” Middle Eastern Studies 34:73–86.
Cottrell, Alvin J. and Thomas H. Moorer. 1977. U.S. Overseas Bases: Problems of Projecting American Military Power Abroad. London: Sage Publications.
Criss, Nur Bilge. 1993. “US Forces in Turkey.” In US Military Forces in Europe: The Early Years 1945–1970, edited by Simon W. Duke and Wolfgang Krieger. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Criss, Nur Bilge 1999. Istanbul under Allied Occupation 1918–1923. Leiden: Brill.
Criss, Nur Bilge 2002. “A Short History of Anti-Americanism and Terrorism: The Turkish Case.” The Journal of American History 89: 472–484.
Crossley, Nick. 2002. Making Sense of Social Movements. Philadelphia, PA: Open University Press.
CSIA European Security Working Group. 1978/79. “Instability and change on NATO’s Southern Flank.” International Security3.
Cunningham, Keith B. and Andreas Klemmer. 1995. “Restructuring the U.S. Military Bases in Germany: Scope, Impacts, and Opportunities.” Bonn International Center for Conversion.
Czempiel, Ernst Otto. 1989. Machtprobe: Die USA Und Die Sowjetunion in Den Achtziger Jahren: C. H. Beck, 1989. München: C. H. Beck.
Daalder, Ivo. 2003. “The End of Atlanticism.” The Brookings Institution.
Darwin, John. 1988. Britain and Decolonisation: The Retreat from Empire in the Post-War World. New York: St. Martins Press.
Davidson, Eugene. 1959. The Death and Life of Germany. New York: Knopf.
Deiseroth, Dieter. 1988. “US-Basen in der Bundesrepublik: Stationierungsrechte und Interventionen ausserhalb des NATO-Gebietes.” Weilheim: Forschungsinstituts für Friedenspolitik Starnberg.
Della Porta, Donnatella. 1995. Social Movements, Political Violence, and the State: A Comparative Analysis of Italy and Germany. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Della Porta, Donatella and Rucht, Dieter. 1995. “Social Movement Sectors in Context: A Comparison of Italy and West Germany, 1965–1990,” in J. Craig Jenkins e Bert Klandermans (eds.), The Politics of Social Protest, Minneapolis, Minnesota University Press, 299–272.
De Nardo, James. 1985. Power in Numbers: The Political Strategy of Protest and Rebellion. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Department, Defense. 2001. “Quadrennial Defense Review Report.” Washington, DC: Department of Defense.
Department, State. “Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963, Volume XVI, Eastern Europe; Cyprus; Greece; Turkey.” Edited by State Department: United States Government Printing Office.
Department, State. 1993. “Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958–1960 Volume X Part 2: Eastern Europe; Finland; Greece; Turkey.” Edited by State Department: United States Government Printing Office.
Deppe, Frank. 2000. “Die Linke in der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.” Hamburg: Sozialismus – VSA Verlag.
Deringil, Selim. 1989. Turkish Foreign Policy during the Second World War: An Active Neutrality. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
Dietrich, Barbara and Erich Schmidt-Eenboom. 1987. Der militarisierte Frieden: Studie zur Militarisierung der Rhein-Main Region. Starnberg: Forschungsinstitut fuer Friedenspolitik.
Diner, Dan. 1983. “The “National Question” in the Peace Movement – Origins and Tendencies.” New German Critique Winter:86–107.
Diner, Dan. 1996. America in the Eyes of Germans: An Essay on Anti-AmericanismPrinceton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers.
Docena, Herbert. 2007. “At the Door of All the East: The Philippines in United States Military Strategy.” Quezon City: Focus on the Global South.
Doyle, Michael W. 1986. Empires. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Dubbe, Daniel., and Thorwald Proll. 2003. Wir kamen vom anderen Stern: Über 1968, Andreas Baader und ein Kaufhaus. Edition Nautilus.
Duke, Simon. 1993. The Burdensharing Debate: A Reassessment. New York: St. Martins Press.
Duke, Simon, and Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. 1989. United States Military Forces and Installations in Europe. Solna, Sweden Oxford and New York: SIPRI and Oxford University Press.
Duke, Simon and Wolfgang Krieger. 1993. U.S. Military Forces in Europe: The Early Years, 1945–1970. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Dur, Lt Comm P. A. 1974. “The U.S. Sixth Fleet: Search for Consensus.” United States Naval Institute 100.
Enloe, Cynthia. 2000. Bananas, Beaches, and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Evriviades, Marios L. 1984. “The Evolving Role of Turkey in U.S. Contingency Planning and Soviet Reaction.” John F. Kennedy School of Government.
Evriviades, Marios L. 1998. “Turkey’s Role in the United States Strategy during and after the Cold War.” Mediterranean Quarterly 9:22.
Fanon, Frantz. 1963. The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Grove Press.
Faroqhi, Suraiya, and Halil Berktay. 1992. New Approaches to State and Peasant in Ottoman History. London: Frank Cass.
Forum, Initiative Sozialistisches (ed.). 1984. Frieden: je näher man hınschaut desto fremder schaut es zurück. Freiburg: Ça-Ira Verlag.
Foster, John Bellamy, and Robert Waterman McChesney. 2004. Pox Americana: Exposing the American Empire. New York: Monthly Review Press.
Franck, Thomas. 1995. Fairness in International Law and Institutions. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Fülberth, Georg. 1999. Berlin-Bonn-Berlin: Deutsche Geschichte seit 1945. Köln: Papy Rossa Verlag.
Fülberth, Georg 2007. Finis Germaniae: Deutsche Geschichte seit 1945. Köln: PapyRossa Verlag.
Gaddis, John Lewis. 2005. Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of American National Security Policy During the Cold War. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gamson, William. 1975. The Strategy of Social Protest. Homewood, Ill: Dorsey Press.
Ganser, Daniele. 2005. NATO’s Secret Armies: Operation Gladio and Terrorism in Western Europe. London: Frank Cass.
Garnham, David. 1994. “Ending Europe’s Security Dependence,” Journal of Strategic Studies 17, no. 4, December.
Geiss, Imanuel. 1994. “Great Powers and Empires: Historical Mechanisms of their Making and Breaking.” In The fall of Great Powers: Peace, Stability, and Legitimacy, edited by Geir Lundestad. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gerson, Joseph and Bruce Birchard (eds.). 1991. The Sun Never Sets… Confronting the Network of Foreign U.S. Military Bases. Boston, MA: South End Press.
Gillem, Mark L. 2007. America Town: Building the Outposts of Empire. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Gilpen, Robert G. 1984. “The Dual Problems of Peace and National Security.” PS 17:18–23.
Gimbel, John. 1968. The American Occupation of Germany; Politics and the Military, 1945–1949. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Giugni, Marco, Doug McAdam and Charles Tilly (eds.). 1999. How Social Movements Matter. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Giugni, Marco., Doug McAdam, and Charles Tilly. 1998. From Contention to Democracy. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Glaser, Daniel. 1946. “The Sentiments of American Soldiers Abroad toward Europeans.” American Journal of Sociology 51:433–438.
Goedde, Petra. 2003. GIs and Germans: Culture, Gender and Foreign Relations, 1945–1949. London: Yale University Press.
Göl, Ayla. 2006. “Iraq and World Order: A Turkish Perspective.” In Iraq Crisis and World Order: Structural, Institutional, and Normative Challenges, edited by Ramesh Chandra Thakur and Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu. Tokyo: United Nations University Press.
Gonlubol, Mehmet. 1975. “NATO and Turkey.” In Turkey’s Foreign Policy in Transition 1950–1974, edited by Kemal Karpat. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
Goodwin, Jeff. 2006. “A Theory of Categorical Terrorism.” Social Forces 84.
Gordon, Philip H., and Jeremy Shapiro. 2004. Allies at war America, Europe, and the crisis over Iraq. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Gramsci, Antonio, Joseph A. Buttigieg, and Antonio Callari. 1991. Prison Notebooks. New York: Columbia University Press.
Gress, David. 1985. Peace and Survival: West Germany, the Peace Movement and European Security. Stanford: Hoover Press Publication.
Gress, Denis L. and David R. Bark. 1989. Democracy and Its Discontents. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Grossmann, Atina. 2007. Jews, Germans, and Allies: Close Encounters in Occupied Germany. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Güney, Aylin. 2005. “An Anatomy of the Transformation of the US-Turkish Alliance: From ‘Cold War’ to War on Iraq’Turkish Studies 6:341–359.
Gürkan, Ihsan. 1980. NATO, Turkey, and the Southern Flank: A Mideastern Perspective. London: National Strategy Information Center.
Gurr, Ted. 1970. Why Men Rebel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Güvenç, Serpil. 2005. “Socialist Perspectives on Foreign Policy Issues: The Case of TIP in the 1960s.” Ankara: Middle East Technical University.
Habermas, Jürgen, and Ciaran Cronin. 2006. The Divided West. Cambridge, UK and Malden, MA: Polity.
Hakki, Murat Metin. 2007. The Cyprus Issue: A Documentary History, 1878–2006. London: I. B. Tauris.
Hale, William. 1994. Turkish Politics and the Military. London: Routledge.
Hale, William. 1999. “Foreign Policy and Domestic Politics.” In The Turkish Republic at 75 Years: Progress – Development – Change, edited by David Shankland: Eothen Press.
Hale, William 2000. Turkish Foreign Policy 1774–2000. London: Frank Cass.
Hale, William 2007. Turkey, the US, and Iraq. London: London Middle East Institute.
Halliday, Fred. 1986. The Making of the Second Cold War. London: Verso.
Hardt, Michael and Antonio Negri. 2004. Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire. New York: Penguin Press.
Hardt, Michael and Antonio Negri 2000. Empire. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Harkavy, Robert E. 1982. Great Power Competition for Overseas Bases: The Geopolitics of Access Diplomacy. New York: Pergamon Press.
Harkavy, Robert E. 1989. Bases Abroad: The Global Foreign Military Presence. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
Harrington, Daniel F. 1998. “The Air Force Can Deliver Anything! A History of the Berlin Airlift.” Edited by USAFE Office of History: Ramstein AFB.
Harris, George. 1972. Troubled Alliance: Turkish-American Problems in Historical Perspective, 1945–1971. Washington DC: American Enterprise Institute.
Harris, George S. 2002. The Communists and the Kadro Movement: Shaping Ideology in Atatürk’s Turkey. Istanbul: The ISIS Pr.
Harvey, David. 2005. The New Imperialism. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
Haumann, Wilhelm and Thomas Petersen. 2004. “German Public Opinion on the Iraq Conflict: A Passing Crisis with the USA or a Lasting Departure?International Journal of Public Opinion Research 16: 311–330.
Hawkins, John P. 2001. Army of Hope, Army of Alienation: Culture and Contradiction in the American Army Communities of Cold War Germany. Westport: Praeger.
Hawkins, John Palmer. 2005. Army of Hope, Army of Alienation: Culture and Contradiction in the American Army Communities of Cold War Germany. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.
Herf, Jeffrey. 1991. War by Other Means: Soviet Power, West German Resistance, and the Battle of the Euromissiles. New York: The Free Press.
Hickok, Michael Robert. 2000. “Hegemon Rising: The Gap Between Turkish Strategy and Military Modernization.” Parameters: US Army War College 30:105–120.
Ho, Engseng. 2004. “Empire through Diasporic Eyes: A View from the Other Boat.” Society for Comparative Study of Society and History Volume 46, 2: 210–246.
Hobsbawm, E. J. 1994. The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914–1991. New York: Pantheon Books.
Hockenos, Paul. 2008. Joschka Fischer and the Making of the Berlin Republic: An Alternative History of Postwar Germany. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
Hoffmann, Martin 1997. Rote Armee Fraktion: Texte und Materialien zur Geschichte der RAF. BerlinID-Verlag.
Höhn, Maria. 2002. GIs and Fräuleins: the German-American Encounter in 1950s West Germany. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Höhn, M., and Klimke, M. 2010. A Breath of Freedom: The Civil Rights Struggle, African American GIs, and Germany. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Holland, R. F. 1985. European Decolonization, 1918–1981: An Introductory Survey. New York: St. Martins Press.
Holmes, Kim R. 1984. The West German Peace Movement and the National Question. Cambridge, MA: Institute for Foreign Policy Analysis.
Hoopes, Townsend. 1958. “Overseas Bases in American Strategy.” Foreign Affairs October 1, 1958. Accessed January 2, 2014. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/71439/townsend-hoopes/overseas-bases-in-american-strategy.
Horchem, Hans Joseph. 1991. “The Terrorist Lobby in West Germany: Campaigns and Propaganda in Support of Terrorism.” In Tolerating Terrorism in the West: An International Survey, edited by Noemi Gal-Or. London: Routledge.
Howard, Michael. 1982/83. “Reassurance and Deterrence: Western Defense in the 1980s.” Foreign Affairs 61.
Howe, Stephen. 1993. Anticolonialism in British Politics: The Left and the End of Empire, 1918–1964. New York: Oxford University Press.
Huntington, Samuel. 1972. The Soldier and the State. Cambridge: The Belknap Press.
Huston, James A. 1988. Outposts and Allies: U.S. Army Logistics in the Cold War, 1945–1953. London: Associated University Presses.
Iggers, Georg G., Q. Edward Wang, and Supriya Mukherjee. 2008. A global history of modern historiography. Harlow, England: Pearson Longman.
Isenberg, David. 2004. “The New US Global Posture Review: Reshaping America’s Global Military Footprint.” Asia Times online Aug 20. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Front_Page/FH20Aa01.html
Janowitz, Morris. 1960. The Professional Soldier: A Social and Political Portrait. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
Joffe, Josef. 1987. “Peace and Populism: Why the European Anti-Nuclear Movement Failed.” International Security 11: 3–40.
Johnson, Chalmers A. (ed.). 1999. Okinawa: Cold War Island. Cardiff, CA: Japan Policy Research Institute.
Johnson, Chalmers A. (ed.). 2000. Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire. New York: Metropolitan Books.
Johnson, Chalmers A. 2004. The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic. New York: Metropolitan Books.
Johnson, Chalmers A. 2006. Nemesis: The Last Days of the American Republic. New York: Metropolitan Books.
Johnson, Chalmers A. 2010. Dismantling the Empire: America’s Last Best Hope. New York: Metropolitan Books.
Johnstone, Diana. 1984. The Politics of Euromissiles: Europe’s Role in America’s World. London: Verso.
Jung, Dietrich and Wolfgango Piccoli. 2001. Turkey at the Crossroads: Ottoman Legacies and a Greater Middle East. London: Zed Books.
Kagan, Robert. 2003. Of Paradise and Power: America and Europe in the New World Order: New York: Knopf.
Kagan, Robert. 2004. “America’s Crisis of Legitimacy.” Foreign Affairs 83: 65–87.
Kane, Tim. 2004. “Global US Troop Deployment 1950–2003.” Heritage Foundation.
Kaplan, Lawrence S., Robert W. Clawson and Raimondo Luraghi (eds.). 1985. NATO and the Mediterranean. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources Inc.
Karapin, Roger. 2007. Protest Politics in Germany: Movements on the Left and Right since the 1960s. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Karasapan, Omer. 1989. “Turkey and US Strategy in the Age of Glasnost.” Middle East Report 160: 4–10.
Karpat, Kemal. 1967. “Socialism and the Labor Party of Turkey.” Middle East Journal 21.
Karpat, Kemal. (ed.). 1975. Turkey’s Foreign Policy in Transition 1950–1974. Leiden: Brill.
Katzenstein, Peter. 2002. “Same War, different views: Germany, Japan, and the War on Terrorism.” Current History 101.
Katzenstein, Peter 2005. A World of Regions: Asia and Europe in the American Imperium. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Katzenstein, Peter. J., and Robert O. Keohane (eds). 2007. Anti-Americanisms in World Politics. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Kennedy, Paul M. 1987. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000. New York: Random House.
Keyder, Caglar. 1979. “The Political Economy of Turkish Democracy.” New Left Review 28: 3–44.
Keyder, Caglar. 2004. “The Turkish Bell Jar.” New Left Review:65–84.
Kitfield, James. 2005a. War & Destiny: How the Bush Revolution in Foreign and Military Affairs Redefined American Power. Washington, DC: Potomac Books.
Kitfield, James. 2005b. “Over There: An Independent Commission Raised Questions about a Pentagon Plan to Move Troops Based Overseas to the United States. Was anyone listening?National Journal Volume 37, 43 (2005): 3268.
Kitschelt, Herbert P. 1986. “Political Opportunity Structures and Political Protest: Anti-Nuclear Movements in Four Democracies.” British Journal of Political Science 16: 57–85.
Klein, Hans-Joachim. 1980. La mort mercenaire. Témoignage d’un ancient terroriste Ouest-Allemande. Paris: Editions du Seuil.
Koch, Uwe. 1983. “Friedenskampf ist Klassenkampf!” In Die Friedensbewegung nach der Raketenstationierung, edited by Christoph U. A. Butterwegge. Hamburg: VSA.
Koch, Connie., and Sauermann, Barbara. 2003. 2/15: The Day the World Said No to War. Oakland, CA: AK Press.
Kolb, Felix. 2007. Protest and Opportunities: Political Outcomes of Social Movements. Frankfurt: Campus Verlag.
Koopmans, Ruud. 1993. “The Dynamics of Protest Waves: West Germany, 1965–1989.” American Sociological Review 58:637–658.
Kraushaar, Wolfgang., Jan Philipp Reemtsma, and Karin Wieland. 2005. Rudi Dutschke, Andreas Baader, und die RAF. Hamburg: Hamburger Edition.
Krepinevich, Andrew. 2003. “Meeting the Anti-Access and Area-Denial Challenge.” Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments.
Kuniholm, Bruce R. 1980. The Origins of the Cold War in the Near East: Great Power Conflict and Diplomacy in Iran, Turkey, and Greece. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Kuniholm, Bruce Robellet. 1983. “Turkey and NATO: past, present, and future”. Orbis 272: 421–445.
Lafontaine, Oskar. 1983. Angst vor den Freunden: die Atomwaffenstrategie der Supermaechte zerstoert die Bündnisse. Hamburg: Rowohlt.
Landau, Jacob M. 1974. Radical Politics in Modern Turkey. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
Langguth, Gerd. 1983. Protestbewegung – Niedergang – Renaissance: Die Neue Linke seit 1968. Köln: Verlag Wissenschaft und Politik.
Lawson, Fred. 2004. “Political Economy, Geopolitics and the Expanding US Military Presence in the Persian Gulf and Central Asia.” Critical Middle Eastern Studies 13: 7–31.
Leffler, Melvyn P. 1992. “A Preponderance of Power National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War.” In Stanford Nuclear Age Series. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Lerner, Daniel. 1958. The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle East. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
Lesser, Ian O. 2006. “Turkey, the United States and the Delusion of Geopolitics.” Survival 48:83–96.
Lewis, Jesse W. 1976. The Strategic Balance in the Mediterranean. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research.
Lipovsky, Igor P. 1992. The Socialist Movement in Turkey, 1960–1980. Leiden and New York: E. J. Brill.
Livingston, Craig. 1994. “‘One thousand wings’: the United States Air Force Group and the American Mission for Aid to Turkey, 1947–50.” Middle Eastern Studies Volume 30, 48: 778–825.
Lovatt, Debbie. 2001. Turkey Since 1970: Politics, Economics and Society. New York: Palgrave.
Luber, Burkhard. 1986. Militaeratlas von Flensburg bis Dresden. Bonn: Die Gruenen.
Lundestad, Geir. 1994. The Fall of Great Powers: Peace, Stability, and Legitimacy. Oslo Oxford and New York: Scandinavian University Press and Oxford University Press.
Lundestad, Geir. 2003. The United States and Western Europe since 1945: From “Empire” by Invitation to Transatlantic Drift. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
Lutz, Catherine. 2001. Homefront: A Military City and the American Twentieth Century. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
Lutz, Catherine. 2006. “Empire is in the Details.” American Ethnologist 33:593–611.
Lutz, Catherine. (ed.). 2009. The Bases of Empire: The Global Struggle against US Military Posts. London: Pluto Press.
Lyons, Matthew. 1999. “The Grassroots Movement in Germany, 1972–1985.” In Nonviolent Social Movements: A Geographical Perspective, edited by Lester R. Kurtz Stephen Zunes, Sarah Beth Asher. Oxford: Blackwell Publisher.
Mackenzie, Kenneth. 1984. Turkey in Transition: The West’s Neglected Ally. London: Institute for European Defense and Strategic Studies.
Mahncke, Dieter (ed.). 1991. Amerikaner in Deutschland: Grundlagen und Bedingungen der transatlantischen Sicherheit. Bonn: Bouvier Verlag.
Maier, Charles S. 2002. “An American Empire? The Problems of Frontiers and Peace in Twenty-First Century World Politics.” Harvard Magazine, 105, 2 (November-December).
Mango, Andrew. 2004. The Turks Today. London: John Muray.
Mango, Andrew. 2005. Turkey and the War on Terror: For Forty Years We Fought Alone. London: Routledge.
Mann, Michael. 2003. Incoherent Empire. London and New York: Verso.
Mardin, Serif. 1997. “Projects as Methodology: Some Thoughts on Modern Turkish Social Science.” In Rethinking Modernity & National Identity in Turkey, edited by SibelBozdoğan and KasabaBozdoğan, Seattle: University of Washington Press.
Marin, Lou. 2007. “The German Peace Movement Confronts the US Military.” Unpublished Manuscript.
Markovits, Andrei and Philip S. Gorski. 1993. The German Left: Red, Green, and Beyond. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Mayall, Simon V. 1977. “Turkey: Thwarted Ambition.” Washington, DC: Institute of National Strategic Studies, National Defense University.
Mayer, Margit and John Ely (eds.). 1998. The German Greens: Paradox between Movement and Party. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
McCaffrey, Katherine T. 2002. Military Power and Popular Protest: the U.S. Navy in Vieques, Puerto Rico. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
McCormick, Thomas J. 1995. America’s Half-Century: United States Foreign Policy in the Cold War and After. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
McDonald, John W. and Diane B. Bendahmane. 1990. U.S. Bases Overseas: Negotiations with Spain, Greece, and the Philippines. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
McGhee, George. 1990. The US-Turkish-NATO Middle East Connection: How the Truman Doctrine Contained the Soviets in the Middle East. New York: St. Martins Press.
McIntyre, W. David. 1998. British Decolonization, 1946–1997: When, Why, and How Did the British Empire Fall?New York: St. Martin’s Press.
McNeill, William H. 1983. The Pursuit of Power: Technology, Armed Force, and Society since A.D. 1000. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Mechtersheimer, Afred. 1984. Zeitbombe NATO. Diederichs.
Mello, Brian. 2008. “Alternative Collective Subjectivities and the Political Impact of Radical Labor Activism in Japan and Turkey.” In Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association.
Melman, Seymour. 1974. The Permanent War Economy; American Capitalism in Decline. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Migdalovitz, Carol. 2002. “Iraq: The Turkish Factor CRS Report for Congress.” Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.
Moeller, Benton G. 1995. “Learning from Each Other: The American Forces as Employers.” In Neighbor America: Americans in Rhineland-Palatinate, 1945–1995, edited by Winfried Herget. Trier: Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier.
Moon, Katharine H. S. 1997. Sex among Allies: Military Prostitution in U.S.-Korea Relations. New York: Columbia University Press.
Müller, Emil-Peter. 1986. Antiamerikanismus in Deutschland: Zwischen Care-Paket und Cruise Missile. Koln: Deutscher Instituts-Verlag.
Mumcu, Uğur, and Mehmet Ali Aybar. 1986. Aybar ile Söyleşi: Sosyalizm ve Bağımsızlık. İstanbul: Tekin Yayınevi
Mushaben, Joyce Marie. 1986. “Grassroots and Gewaltfreie Aktionen: A Study of Mass Mobilization Strategies in the West German Peace Movement.” Journal of Peace Research 23:141–154.
Nabulsi, Karma. 1999. Traditions of War: Occupation, Resistance, and the Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Nathan, James A. 1975. “A Fragile Detente: the U-2 Incident Re-examined.” Military Affairs 39: 97–104.
Nelson, Daniel J. 1987. Defenders or Intruders?: The Dilemmas of U.S. Forces in Germany. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Nelson, Daniel J. 1987. A History of US Military Forces in Germany. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Nick, Volker, Volker Scheub, and Christof Then. 1993. Mutlangen 1983–1987: Die Stationierung Der Pershing II und die Kampagne Ziviler Ungehorsam bis zur Abrüstung: Eigenverlag. Künstlerei im Sudhaus: Tübingen.
Nitze, P. H., Rearden, S. L., and Smith, A. M. 1. 1989. From Hiroshima to Glasnost: At the Center of Decision: A Memoir. New York: Grove Weidenfeld.
O’Brien, Patrick Karl, and Armand Cleese. 2002. Two Hegemonies: Britain 1846–1914 and the United States 1941–2001. Aldershot, Hants, England and Burlington, VT: Ashgate.
O’Hanlon, Michael. 2008. “Unfinished Business: U.S. Overseas Military Presence in the 21st Century.” Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
Ohlemacher, Thomas. 1993. Brücken der Mobilisierung: Soziale Relais und persönliche Netzwerke in Bürgerinitiativen gegen militärischen Tiefflug. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitäts Verlag.
Önis, Ziya and Suhnaz Yilmaz. 2005. “The Turkey-EU-US Triangle in Perspective: Transformation or Continuity.” Middle East Journal 59.
Owen, Edward Roger John. 2004. State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East. London and New York: Routledge.
Pfaltzgraff, Robert L. 1983. “The Greens of West Germany: Origins, Strategies, and Transatlantic Implications.” Washington, DC: Institute for Foreign Policy Analysis.
Pflieger, Klaus. 2004. Die Rote Armee Fraktion-RAF: 14.5.1970 bis 20.4.1998. Baden-Baden: Nomos.
Pflüger, Tobias. 2006. “Es war gut, ihnen nicht geglaubt zu haben: Die deutsche Beteiligung am Irak-Krieg.” ak – zeitung für linke debate und praxis Nr 504.
Pilat, J. F. 1980. Ecological Politics: The Rise of the Green Party. Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Piven, Frances and Richard Cloward. 1977. Poor People’s Movements: Why they Succeed, How they Fail. New York: Pantheon Books.
Pluchinsky, Dennis A., and Yonah Alexander. 1992. European Terrorism: Today & Tomorrow. Washington: Brassey’s.
Pohrt, Wolfgang. 1982. Endstation: ueber die Wiedergeburt Der Nation. Berlin: Rotbuch Verlag.
Pollard, Robert A. 1985. Economic Security and the Origins of the Cold War, 1945–1950. New York: Columbia University Press.
Pope, Nicole and Hugh Pope. 1997. Turkey Unveiled: Atatürk and After. London: John Murray.
Pope, Nicole and Hugh Pope 2004. Turkey Unveiled: A History of Modern Turkey. Woodstock, NY: The Overlook Press.
Rabert, Bernhard. 1995. Links- und Rechtsterrorismus in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland von 1970 bis heute. Bonn: Bernard & Graefe Verlag.
Raschke, Joachim (ed.). 1993. Die Grünen: Wie sie wurden, was sie sind. Köln: Büchergilde Gutenberg.
Ricardo, Rogert. 1994. Guantanamo – The Bay of Discord: The Story of the US Military Base in Cuba. Melbourne: Ocean Press.
Ritzenhofen, Ute. 1995. “Working for the Americans: German-American Labor Relations.” In Neighbor America: Americans in Rhineland-Palatinate, 1945–1995, edited by Winfried Herget. Trier: Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier.
Robins, Philip. 2003. “Confusion at Home, Confusion Abroad: Turkey between Copenhagen and Iraq.” International Affairs 79, 3, May: 547–566.
Louis, W.R. and Robinson, R. 1994. “The Imperialism of Decolonization.” JICH 22:462–511.
Rogers, Bernard General. 1982. “The Atlantic Alliance: Prescriptions for Difficult Decade.” Foreign Affairs 60:1145–1156.
Rohrschneider, Robert. 1993. “Impact of Social Movements on European Party Systems.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 528:157–170.
Rubin, Barry. 2002. Istanbul Intrigues. Istanbul: Boğaziçi University Press.
Rucht, Dieter. 2003. “The Changing Role of Political Protest Movements.” West European Politics 26:153–176.
Rucht, Dieter and Stefaan Walgrave (eds.). 2008. Protest Politics: Demonstrations against the War on Iraq in the US and Western Europe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Rucht, Dieter and Stefaan Walgrave 2010. The World Says No to War: Demonstrations against the War on IraqMinneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Rustow, Dankwart A. 1987. Turkey: America’s Forgotten Ally. New York: Council of Foreign Relations.
Sakallioğlu, Ümit Cizre. 1997. “The Anatomy of the Turkish Military’s Political Autonomy.” Comparative Politics 29:151–166.
Salomon, Kim. 1986. “The Peace Movement: An Anti-Establishment Movement.” Journal of Peace Research 23:115–127.
Samim, Ahmet. 1981. “The Tragedy of the Turkish Left.” New Left Review. I/126:60–85.
Sandars, C. T. 2000. America’s Overseas Garrisons: the leasehold empire. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Scahill, Jeremy. 2007. Blackwater: The Rise of the World’s Most Powerful Mercenary Army. New York, NY: Nation Books.
Schake, Kurt Wayne. 1998. Strategic Frontier: American Bomber Command Bases Overseas 1950–1960. Trondheim: Historisk Institutt
Schlau, Wilfried (ed.). 1990. Allierte Truppen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Bonn: Köllen-Druck.
Schmidt-Eenboom, Erich and Jo Angerer (eds.). 1993. Siegermacht NATO: Dachverband der neuen Weltordnung. Muenchen: AK-Druck.
Schraut, Hans-Jürgen. 1993. “US Forces in Germany 1945–1955.” In US Military Forces in Europe, 1945–70, edited by Simon and Wolfgang Krieger Duke. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Schultz, Nikolaus. 2006. “Was the War on Iraq illegal? The German Federal Administrative Court’s Ruling of 21st June 2005.” German Law Journal 7.
Seiler, Signe. 1985. Die GIs: Amerikanische Soldaten in Deutschland. Hamburg: Rowohlt.
Sever, Ayşegül. 2002. “Turkey and US On Iraq Since the Gulf War.” Turkish Review of Middle East Studies 13.
Sharp, Jeremy M. and Christopher M. Blanchard. 2005. “Post-War Iraq: A Table and Chronology of Foreign Contributions.” In CRS Report for Congress: The Library of Congress.
Silver, Beverly J. 2003. Forces of Labor: Workers’ Movements and Globalization since 1870. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Silver, Beverly J. 2004. “Labour, War and World Politics: Contemporary Dynamics in World-Historical Perspective.” In: Labour and New Social Movements in a Globalising World System, edited by Marcel van der Linden and Christine Schindler Berthold Unfried. Vienna: Akademische Verlagsanstalt.
Simbulan, Roland G. 1985. The Bases of Our Insecurity: A Study of the US Military Bases in the Philippines. Metro Manila, Philippines: BALAI Fellowship.
Simpson, Dwight J. 1972. “Turkey: A Time of Troubles.” Current History January: 38–43.
Singer, P. W. 2003. Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Smith, Neil. 2003. American Empire: Roosevelt’s Geographer and the Prelude to Globalization. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Smyser, W. R. 1990. Restive Partners: Washington and Bonn Diverge. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Spoo, Eckhardt (ed.). 1989. Die Amerikaner in der Bundesrepublik: Besatzungsmacht oder Buendnispartner?Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch.
Steinke, Rudolf and Michel Vale (eds.). 1983. Germany Debates Defense: The NATO Alliance at the Crossroads. New York: M. E. Sharpe.
Steinweg, Reiner. 1982. “Die Bedeutung der Gewerkschaften für die Friedensbewegung.” In Die neue Friedensbewegung: Analysen aus der Friedensforschung, edited by Reiner Steinweg. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp.
Stivers, William. 1986. America’s Confrontation with Revolutionary Change in the Middle East, 1948–83. New York: St. Martins Press.
Stolzfus, Saundra, Pollock Sturdevant, and BrendaStoltzfus. 1992. Let the Good Times Roll: Prostitution and the US Military in Asia. New York: The New Press.
Suter, Lieutenant ColonelThomasC. 1983. “Base Rights Agreements.” Air University Review July–August.
Sweringen, Bryan van. 2008. “Stationing within the State: The U.S. Army Presence in the Rhineland-Palatinate 1947–2007.” In Amerikaner in Rheinland-Pfalz. Wvt Wissenschaftlicher Verlag: Trier.
Szabo, Stephen F. 2004. Parting Ways: The Crisis in German-American Relations. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
Tarrow, Sidney. 1989. Democracy and Disorder: Protest and Politics in Italy 1965–75. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Taşpınar, Ömer 2005. “The Anatomy of Anti-Americanism in Turkey.” The Brookings Institute.
Thomas, Nick. 2003. Protest Movements in 1960s West Germany: A Social History of Dissent and Democracy. Oxford: Berg.
Thompson, Peter L. 1996. “United States-Turkey Military Relations: Treaties and Implications.” International Journal of Kurdish Studies 9:103–113.
Tilly, Charles. 1984. Big Structures, Large Processes, Huge Comparisons. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Tilly, Charles. 1985. “War Making and State Making as Organized Crime.” In Bringing the State BackIn, edited by P. B. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer, and T. Skocpol. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Tilly, Charles 1999. “From Interactions to Outcomes in Social Movements.” In How Social Movements Matter, edited by Marco Guigni. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
Tilly, Charles and Sidney Tarrow. 2007. Contentious Politics. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
Tolmein, Oliver. 1999. RAF – Das war für uns Befreiung: Ein Gespräch mit Irmgard Möller über bewaffneten Kampf, Knast und die Linke. Hamburg: Konkret Literatur Verlag.
Tuğal, Cihan. 2007. “NATO’s Islamists: Hegemony and Americanization in Turkey.” New Left Review 44:5–34.
Ulus, Özgür Mutlu. 2011. The Army and the Radical Left in Turkey: Military Coups, Socialist Revolution, and Kemalism, London: I.B. Tauris.
Ünüvar, Kerem. 2007. “Türk Solunun Türk Sağına Armağanı: ‘Anti-emperyalizm.’Birikim 214: 106–112.
Uslu, Nasuh, Metin Toprak, Ibrahim Dalmis, and Ertan Aydin. 2005. “Turkish Public Opinion Towards the United States in the Context of the Ira Question”The Middle East Review of International Affairs 9: 75–107.
Vali, Ferenc A. 1971. Bridge Across the Bosporus: the Foreign Policy of Turkey. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins Press.
Vasi, Ion Bogdan. 2006. “The New Anti-War Protests and Miscible Mobilizations.” Social Movement Studies 5: 137–153.
von Bredow, Wilfried and Rudolf H. Brocke. 1987. Krise und Protest: Urspruenge und Elemente der Friedensbewegung in Westeuropa. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.
Walt, Stephen M. 2005. Taming American Power: The Global Response to U.S. Primacy. New York: W. W. Norton.
Wasmuth, Ulrike C. 1987. Friedensbewegungen der 1980er Jahre: Zur Analyse ihrer strukturellen und aktuellen Entstehungsbedingungen in der BRD und den USA: Ein Vergleich. Giessen: Focus
Wendt, Alexander. 1999. Social Theory of International Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Wetzlaugk, Udo. 1988. Die Allierten in Berlin. Berlin: Berlin Verlag.
Wilkes, Owen. 1973. Protest; Demonstrations against the American Military Presence in New Zealand: Omega 1968, Woodbourne 1970, Mount John 1972, Harewood/Weedons 1973. Wellington: A. Taylor.
Williams, Phil. 1985. The Senate and US Troops in Europe. New York: St. Martins Press.
Willoughby, John. 2001. Remaking the Conquering Heroes: The Social and Geopolitical Impact of the Post-War American Occupation of Germany. New York: Palgrave.
Wittner, Lawrence. 2003. Toward Nuclear Abolition: A History of the World Nuclear Disarmament Movement. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Wolf, Charlotte. 1969. Garrison Community; A Study of an Overseas American Military Colony. Westport, CT: Greenwood Pub. Corp.
Woodliffe, John. 1992. The Peacetime Use of Foreign Military Installations under Modern International Law. Boston: Dordrecht.
Yeremenko, Marshal A. 1960. “Arguments Against Foreign Bases.” International Affairs, published in Moscow November 1960.
Yetkin, Murat. 2004. Irak Krizinin Gerçek Öyküsü. Istanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
Zepp, Marianne. 2007. “Redefining Germany: Reeducation, Staatsbürgerschaft und Frauenpolitik Im US-Amerikanisch Besetzten Nachkriegsdeutschland.” Osnabrück: V&R Unipress
Zimmermann, Hubert. 2002. Money and Security: Troops, Monetary Policy, and West Germay’s Relations with the US and Britain, 1950–1971. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zirakzadeh, Cyrus Ernesto. 2006. Social Movements in Politics: A Comparative Study. New York: Palgrave.
Zorns, Redaktionsgruppe Früchte des (ed.). Die Früchte des Zorns: Texte und Materialien zur Geschichte der Revolutionären Zellen und der Roten Zora. Amsterdam: Edition ID-Archiv.
Zorns, Redaktionsgruppe Früchte des (ed.). 1993. Die Früchte des Zorns: Texte und Materialien zur Geschichte der Revolutionären Zellen und der Roten Zora. Amsterdam: Edition ID-Archiv.
Zürcher, Erik J. 2003. Turkey: A Modern History. London: I. B. Tauris & Co.

Newspapers and Other Online News Sources

  • Bağımsız iletişim ağı

  • Chicago Tribune

  • Christian Science Monitor

  • Financial Times

  • Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung

  • Frankfurter Rundschau

  • Hürriyet

  • Le Monde diplomatique

  • Los Angeles Times

  • Mideast Mirror

  • Milliyet

  • The New York Times

  • Die Tageszeitung

  • Turkish Daily News

  • The Wall Street Journal

  • The Washington Post

  • Zaman

  • Die Zeit

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.