Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-68c7f8b79f-tw422 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-12-24T19:58:28.928Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Beckett and Leopardi

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2025

Peter Boxall
Affiliation:
University of Oxford
Peter Nicholls
Affiliation:
New York University

Summary

This Element revisits the relation between Giacomo Leopardi and Samuel Beckett to argue that the dialogue between them might offer new ways of thinking about the nature of both writers' pessimism. The authors suggest that Leopardi becomes increasingly important for Beckett, not only because he frames a literary philosophy of scepticism, but because he gives a rich account of the means by which thoroughgoing pessimism might open on to an unenchanted mode of persistence. In doing so, the Element looks past the impasse – between going on and not going on – that threatens to forestall imaginative possibilities for both writers.
Get access

Information

Type
Element
Information
Online ISBN: 9781009431019
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 11 December 2025

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Element purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Ackerley, C. J. (2010), Obscure Locks, Simple Keys: The Annotated ‘Watt’, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Barnes, John C. (1989), ‘La fortuna di Leopardi in Irlanda’, in Musara, Franco, Vanvolsem, Serge and Guglielmone, Lamberti R. (eds), Leopardi e la cultura europea. Atti del convegno internazionale dell’Università di Lovanio, Lovanio 10–12 dicembre 1987, Leuven: Leuven University Press and Bulzoni, pp. 3945.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1965), Proust and Three Dialogues with Georges Duthuit, London: Calder.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1970), More Pricks Than Kicks, New York: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1972), ‘Dante … Bruno . Vico . . Joyce’, in Our Exagmination Round His Factification for Incamination of Work in Progress, London: Faber & Faber, pp. 513.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1976), Watt, London: Calder.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1992a), Dream of Fair to Middling Women, ed. O’Brian, Eoin and Fournier, Edith, Dublin: Black Cat Press.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1992b), Nohow On: Company, Ill Seem Ill Said, Worstward Ho, London: Calder.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1994), Molloy, Malone Dies, The Unnamable, London: Calder.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1995), The Complete Short Prose, 1929–1989, ed. Gontarski, S. E., New York: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (1996), How It Is, London: Calder.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (2006), The Complete Dramatic Works, London: Faber & Faber.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (2009), The Letters of Samuel Beckett, Vol. I: 1929–1940, ed. Fehsenfeld, Martha and Overbeck, Lois More, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (2011), The Letters of Samuel Beckett, Vol. II: 1941–1956, ed. Craig, George, Fehsenfeld, Martha, Gunn, Dan and Overbeck, Lois More, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (2014a), Echo’s Bones, ed. Nixon, Mark, New York: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (2014b), The Letters of Samuel Beckett, Vol. III: 1957–1965, ed. Craig, George, Fehsenfeld, Martha, Gunn, Dan and Overbeck, Lois More, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Beckett, Samuel (2016), The Letters of Samuel Beckett, Vol. IV: 1966–1989, ed. Craig, George, Fehsenfeld, Martha, Gunn, Dan and Overbeck, Lois More, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Benjamin, Walter [1933] (1999), ‘Experience and Poverty’, in Selected Writings, Volume 2, Part 2, 1931–1934, ed. Jennings, Michael W., Eiland, Howard and Smith, Gary, trans. Livingston, Rodney et al., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 731–6.Google Scholar
Benvenuti, Giuliana (1998), Il disinganno del cuore: Giacomo Leopardi tra malinconia e stoicismo, Rome: Bulzoni.Google Scholar
Ben-Zvi, Linda (1980), ‘Samuel Beckett, Fritz Mauthner, and the Limits of Language’, PMLA, 96:2, pp. 183200.Google Scholar
Bickersteth, Geoffrey, ed. and trans. (1923), The Poems of Leopardi, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Binni, Walter (1947), La nuova poetica leopardiana, Florence: Sansoni.Google Scholar
Bonnefoy, Yves (2001), L’Enseignement et l’exemple de Leopardi, Bordeaux: William Blake & Co. Editions.Google Scholar
Bonnefoy, Yves (2012), ‘Snow in French and English’, in Beginning and End of the Snow, Début et Fin de la Neige, trans. Grosholz, Emily, Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press, pp. ixxvi.Google Scholar
Bosteels, Bruno (2011), The Actuality of Communism, London: Verso.Google Scholar
Bouchard, Norma (1999), ‘Beckett: Reader of Leopardi’, Italian Culture, 17:2, pp. 7789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byron, Mark (2022), ‘Intimations of Post-Mortality: The Genetic Dossier of Samuel Beckett’s Watt and Its Romantic Residues’; unpublished lecture, Faculty of English, Oxford.Google Scholar
Carne-Ross, D. S. (1979), ‘Leopardi: The Poet in a Time of Need’, in Instaurations: Essays In and Out of Literature Pindar to Pound, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, pp. 167–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caselli, Daniela (1996), ‘Beckett’s Intertextual Modalities of Appropriation: The Case of Leopardi’, Journal of Beckett Studies, 6:1, pp. 124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caselli, Daniela (2009), Beckett’s Dantes: Intertextuality in the Fiction and Criticism, Manchester: Manchester University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caselli, Daniela, ed. (2010), Beckett and nothing: Trying to understand Beckett, Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Caselli, Daniela (2012), ‘Beckett and Leopardi’, in Gontarski, S. E. (ed.), The Beckett Critical Reader: Archives, Theories and Translations, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp. 135–51.Google Scholar
Cauchi-Santoro, Roberta (2016), Beyond the Suffering of Being: Desire in Giacomo Leopardi and Samuel Beckett, Florence: Florence University Press.Google Scholar
Citati, Pietro (2016), Leopardi, Milan: Mondadori.Google Scholar
Clément, Bruno (1994), ‘A Rhetoric of Ill-Saying’, Journal of Beckett Studies, 4:1, pp. 3554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohn, Ruby (2005), A Beckett Canon, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Cortellesa, Andrea (2006), ‘E fango è il mondo: Beckett e Leopardi’, in Giancarlo, and Cortellesa, Andrea (eds), Tegole dal cielo; la letteratura italiana nell’opera di Beckett, Rome: Edup, pp. 111–20.Google Scholar
Croce, Benedetto (1923), La poesia e non-poesia: note sulla letteratura europea nel secolo decimonono, Bari: Laterza.Google Scholar
Croce, Benedetto (1943), Poesia antica e moderna, Bari: Laterza.Google Scholar
Damiani, Rolando (1998), All’apparir del vero: Vita di Giacomo Leopardi, Milan: Mondadori.Google Scholar
De la Durantaye, Leland (2016), Beckett’s Art of Mismaking, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Deleuze, Gilles (1997), Essays Critical and Clinical, trans. Daniel W. Smith and Greco, Michael A., Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Deleuze, Gilles, and Guattari, Felix (1987), A Thousand Plateaus, trans. Massumi, Brian, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
De Robertis, Domenico (1986), ‘Sul Coro di morti di Leopardi’, Rivista di letteratura italiana, IV:2, pp. 655–79.Google Scholar
D’Intino, Franco (1995), Giacomo Leopardi: Scritti e frammenti autobiografici, Rome: Salerno Editrice.Google Scholar
D’Intino, Franco (2012), Giacomo Leopardi: Volgarizzamenti in prosa 1822–1827, Venice: Marsilio Editore.Google Scholar
Ebenstein, Joanna, ed. (2022), Frederick Ruysch and His Thesaurus Anatomicus: A Morbid Guide, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eliot, T. S. (2019), The Letters of T. S. Eliot, Volume 8: 1936–38, ed. Eliot, Valerie and Haffenden, John, London: Faber & Faber.Google Scholar
Epictetus (2014), Discourses, Fragments, Handbook, trans. Robin Hard et al., Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Esposito, Robert (2012), Living Thought: The Origins and Actuality of Italian Philosophy, trans. Zakiya Hanati, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Fedi, Francesca (1997), Mausolei di sabbia: Sulla cultura figurativa di Leopardi, Lucca: Maria Pacini Fazzi Editore.Google Scholar
Fortini, Franco (1946), ‘La leggenda di Recanati’, in Forti, Marco and Pautasso, Sergio (eds), Il Politecnico: Antologia critica, Milan: Lerici, pp. 34–8.Google Scholar
Foscolo, Ugo (2009), Sepulchres, trans. J. G. Nichols, Richmond: Oneworld Classics.Google Scholar
Furlani, Andre (2024), ‘Leopardi in Beckett’s Late Modernist Romanticism’, in Bariselli, Michela, Crosara, Davide, Gambacorta, Antonio and Martino, Mario (eds), Samuel Beckett’s Italian Modernisms: Traditions, Texts, Performance, New York: Routledge, pp. 3153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fynsk, Christopher (1991), ‘Foreword’, in Nancy, Jean-Luc, The Inoperative Community, ed. Connor, Peter, trans. Connor, Peter et al., Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, pp. viixxxv.Google Scholar
Galimberti, Cesare (1986), Linguaggio del vero in Leopardi, Florence: Olschki.Google Scholar
Galimberti, Cesare (1987), ‘Leopardi: meditazione e canto’, in Leopardi, Giacomo, Poesia e Prose, Vol. 1: Poesie, Milan: Mondadori, pp. xiiilxxix.Google Scholar
Gentile, Giovanni, ed. (1918), Operette morali, con proemio e note, Bologna: Zanichelli.Google Scholar
Geulincx, Arnold (2006), Ethics: With Samuel Beckett’s Notes, ed. van Ruler, Han and Uhlmann, Anthony, trans. Martin Wilson, Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Giorni, Guglielmo (1988), ‘Coincidentia oppositorum, Il “Coro di morti” di Leopardi’, in Besome, Ottave et al. (eds), Forme e vicende: Per Giovanni Pozzi, Padua: Editore Antenore, pp. 475–95.Google Scholar
Gramsci, Antonio (1994), Letters from Prison, Volume 2, ed. Rosengarten, Frank, trans. Rosenthal, Raymond, New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Katz, Daniel (2003), ‘Beckett’s Measures: Principles of Pleasure in Molloy and First Love’, Modern Fiction Studies, 49:2, pp. 246–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keanie, Emma (2024), ‘Beckett’s Romantic Imagination’, unpublished PhD thesis, University of Reading.Google Scholar
Keats, John (1982), Complete Poems, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Knowlson, James (1996), Damned to Fame: The Life of Samuel Beckett, New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Kooijmans, Luuc (2022), ‘Artist of Death’, in Ebenstein, Joanna (ed.), Frederick Ruysch and His Thesaurus Anatomicus: A Morbid Guide, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 1316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (1906), Scritti vari inediti dalle carte napoletane, Florence: Le Monnier.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (n.d. [1913?]), Prose, con uno studio di Pietro Giordani, Milan: Istituto Editoriale Italiano.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (1936), I Canti: seguiti dai Paralipomeni della Batracomiomachia, ed. Fabietti, Ettore, Milan: Casa per Edizioni Popolari.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (1976), The War of the Mice and the Crabs, trans. Ernesto Caserta, Chapel Hill, NC: UNC Department of Romance Languages.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (1982), Operette Morali / Essays and Dialogues, trans. Giovanni Cecchetti, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (1987), Poesie e Prose, Vol. 1: Poesie, ed. Rigoni, Mario Andrea, Milan: Mondadori.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (1988), Poesie e Prose, Vol. 2: Prose, ed. Damiani, Rolando, Milan: Mondadori.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (1998), The Letters of Giacomo Leopardi 1817–1837, ed. and trans. Prue Shaw, Leeds: Northern Universities Press.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (2008), ‘Tim Chilcott Literary Translations: Leopardi, Canti’, www.tclt.org.uk, pp. 5271.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (2010), Canti, trans. Jonathan Galassi, New York: Farrar Straus Giroux.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (2013a), Zibaldone, ed. Caesar, Michael and D’Intino, Franco, trans. Kathleen Baldwin, Richard Dixon, David Gibbons, Ann Goldstein, Gerard Slowey, Martin Thom and Pamela Williams, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (2013b), Discourse of an Italian on Romantic Poetry, ed. Camilletti, Fabio A., trans. Fabio A. Camilletti and Gabrielle Sims, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (2019), Canti, Volume 1, ed. Blasucci, Luigi, Varese: Fondazione Pietro Bembo.Google Scholar
Leopardi, Giacomo (2021), Canti, Volume 2, ed. Blasucci, Luigi, Varese: Fondazione Pietro Bembo.Google Scholar
Lonardi, Gilberto (1982), ‘Il Coro di morti nel sistema poetico leopardiano’, in Leopardi e la letteratura italiana dal Duecento dal Seicento, Atti del IV Convegno internazionale di studi leopardiano, Recanati 13–16 settembre 1978, Florence: Olschki, pp. 655–79.Google Scholar
Lonardi, Gilberto (1989), ‘Leopardi a se stesso’, Le Forme e la Storia, 1:2, pp. 2136.Google Scholar
Luporini, Cesare (1947), Leopardi progessivo, Rome: Editori Rinuti.Google Scholar
Marcus Aurelius (2002), Meditations: A New Translation, trans. Gregory Hays, New York: Modern Library.Google Scholar
Monteverdi, Angelo (1967), Frammenti critici leopardiani, Naples: Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane.Google Scholar
Murphy, Timothy S. (2012), Antonio Negri: Modernity and the Multitude, Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Negri, Antonio (2015), Flower of the Desert: Giacomo Leopardi’s Poetic Ontology, trans. Timothy S. Murphy, Albany, NY: SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Nietzsche, Friedrich (1968), The Will to Power, trans. Walter Kaufmann and Hollingdale, R. J., New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Nixon, Mark (2011), Samuel Beckett’s German Diaries, 1936–1937, London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Nugent-Folan, Georgina (2015), ‘Personal Apperception: Samuel Beckett, Gertrude Stein, and Paul Cézanne’s “La Montagne Sainte-Victoire”’, Samuel Beckett Today/Aujourd’hui, 27, pp. 87101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C. (1990), Love’s Knowledge: Essays on Philosophy and Literature, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Orcel, Michel (2005), ‘Notes’ to Orcel (trans.), Leopardi, Chants / Canti: Traduction et présentation, Paris: Flammarion, pp. 288328.Google Scholar
Ovid, (1971), Metamorphoses, Volume 1, trans. Frank Justus Miller, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Petrarch, (1996), The Canzoniere or Rerum vulgarium fragmenta, trans. Mark Musa, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Quigley, Gabriel (2024), ‘Beckett’s Unwarranted Miracles: Pascal, Geulincx, Kleist’, in Krimper, Michael and Quigley, Gabriel (eds), Beckett Ongoing: Aesthetics, Ethics, Politics, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 95118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabaté, Jean-Michel (2016), Think Pig! Beckett at the Limit of the Human, New York: Fordham University Press.Google Scholar
Rennie, Nicholas (2005), Speculating on the Moment: The Poetics of Time and Recurrence in Goethe, Leopardi, and Nietzsche, Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag.Google Scholar
Rota, Paolo (1996), ‘Giacomo Leopardi: A se stesso’, in Anselmi, Gian Marco, Cottignoli, Alfredo and Pasquini, Emilio (eds), Breviario dei classici italiani: guida all’interpretazione di testi esemplari, Milan: Mondadori, pp. 194203.Google Scholar
Sanguinetti, Edoardo (2000), ‘Leopardi e la Rivoluzione’, in Il chierico organico: scritture e intellettuali, Milan: Feltrinelli, pp. 113–19.Google Scholar
Santagata, Marco (1999), ‘“Il tramonto della luna”, o dell’asimmetria’, in Il tramonto della luna e altri studi su Foscolo e Leopardi, Naples: Liguori, pp. 87121.Google Scholar
Singh, Ghan (1968), Leopardi e l’Inghilterra, Florence: Le Monnier.Google Scholar
Singh, Sonam (2012), ‘Baudelaire without Benjamin: Contingency, History, Modernity’, Comparative Literature, 64:4, pp. 407–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzer, Leo (1963), ‘L’Aspasia di Leopardi’, Cultura neolatina, X–XIII, pp. 113–45.Google Scholar
Thomson, James (1905), Essays, Dialogues and Thoughts of Giacomo Leopardi (Operette Morali and Pensieri), ed. Dobell, Bertram, London: G. Routledge.Google Scholar
Timpanaro, Sebastiano (1979), ‘The Pessimistic Materialism of Giacomo Leopardi’, New Left Review, 1:116, pp. 2950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Timpanaro, Sebastiano (1985), Antileopardiani e neomoderati nella sinistra italiana, Pisa: ETS.Google Scholar
Tucker, David (2012), Samuel Beckett and Arnold Geulincx: Tracing ‘a Literary Fantasia’, London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Van Hulle, Dirk (2009), ‘Beckett’s Principle of Reversibility: Chiasmus and the “Shape of Ideas”’, Samuel Beckett Today/Aujourd’hui, 21, pp. 179–92.Google Scholar
Van Hulle, Dirk and Nixon, Mark (2013), Samuel Beckett’s Library, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Vecce, Carlo (2000), Tre letture leopardiane, Recanati: Edizioni CSNL.Google Scholar
Weller, Shane (2009), ‘The Art of Indifference: Adorno’s Manuscript Notes on The Unnamable’, in Guardamagna, Daniela and Sebellin, Rossanna M. (eds), The Tragic Comedy of Samuel Beckett; “Beckett in Rome” 17–19 April 2008, Rome: Editori Laterza, pp. 223–37.Google Scholar
Williams, Pamela (2004), An Introduction to Leopardi’s Canti, Hull: Troubadour Publications.Google Scholar
Zurbrugg, Nicholas (1988), Beckett and Proust, Totowa: Barnes & Noble.Google Scholar

Accessibility standard: WCAG 2.1 AA

Why this information is here

This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.

Accessibility Information

The PDF of this Element complies with version 2.1 of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), covering newer accessibility requirements and improved user experiences and achieves the intermediate (AA) level of WCAG compliance, covering a wider range of accessibility requirements.

Content Navigation

Table of contents navigation
Allows you to navigate directly to chapters, sections, or non‐text items through a linked table of contents, reducing the need for extensive scrolling.

Reading Order & Textual Equivalents

Single logical reading order
You will encounter all content (including footnotes, captions, etc.) in a clear, sequential flow, making it easier to follow with assistive tools like screen readers.
Short alternative textual descriptions
You get concise descriptions (for images, charts, or media clips), ensuring you do not miss crucial information when visual or audio elements are not accessible.

Visual Accessibility

Use of colour is not sole means of conveying information
You will still understand key ideas or prompts without relying solely on colour, which is especially helpful if you have colour vision deficiencies.

Structural and Technical Features

ARIA roles provided
You gain clarity from ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) roles and attributes, as they help assistive technologies interpret how each part of the content functions.

Save element to Kindle

To save this element to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Beckett and Leopardi
Available formats
×

Save element to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Beckett and Leopardi
Available formats
×

Save element to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Beckett and Leopardi
Available formats
×