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Reduction in hippocampal GABAergic transmission in a low birth weight rat model of depression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2023

Zita Dósa ,
Jose Luis Nieto-Gonzalez ,
Betina Elfving ,
Karin Sørig Hougaard ,
Mai Marie Holm ,
Gregers Wegener Open the ORCID record for Gregers Wegener [Opens in a new window]  and
Kimmo Jensen Open the ORCID record for Kimmo Jensen [Opens in a new window]
Zita Dósa
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Jose Luis Nieto-Gonzalez
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Betina Elfving
Affiliation:
Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Karin Sørig Hougaard
Affiliation:
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Mai Marie Holm
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Gregers Wegener
Affiliation:
Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Pharmaceutical Research Center of Excellence, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Kimmo Jensen*
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Department of Neurology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
*
Author for correspondence: Kimmo Jensen, Email: kimmo@dadlnet.dk
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Abstract

Prenatal stress is believed to increase the risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depression. Adverse genetic and environmental impacts during early development, such as glucocorticoid hyper-exposure, can lead to changes in the foetal brain, linked to mental illnesses developed in later life. Dysfunction in the GABAergic inhibitory system is associated with depressive disorders. However, the pathophysiology of GABAergic signalling is poorly understood in mood disorders. Here, we investigated GABAergic neurotransmission in the low birth weight (LBW) rat model of depression. Pregnant rats, exposed to dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, during the last week of gestation, yielded LBW offspring showing anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour in adulthood. Patch-clamp recordings from dentate gyrus granule cells in brain slices were used to examine phasic and tonic GABAA receptor-mediated currents. The transcriptional levels of selected genes associated with synaptic vesicle proteins and GABAergic neurotransmission were investigated. The frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSC) was similar in control and LBW rats. Using a paired-pulse protocol to stimulate GABAergic fibres impinging onto granule cells, we found indications of decreased probability of GABA release in LBW rats. However, tonic GABAergic currents and miniature IPSCs, reflecting quantal vesicle release, appeared normal. Additionally, we found elevated expression levels of two presynaptic proteins, Snap-25 and Scamp2, components of the vesicle release machinery. The results suggest that altered GABA release may be an essential feature in the depressive-like phenotype of LBW rats.

Keywords

stressneuronal plasticitypatch-clampSnap-25Scamp2
Type
Original Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 35 , Issue 6 , December 2023 , pp. 315 - 327
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology

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Footnotes

#

Current address: Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS, HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla), Seville, Spain

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