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Soil salinity, a major constraint to irrigated agriculture in the Punjab region of Pakistan: Contributing factors and strategies for amelioration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2009

Andrew P. Davidson
Andrew P. Davidson
Affiliation:
Lecturer, School of Sociology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia (a.davidson@unsw.edu.au).
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Abstract

Salinity is widely perceived to have severe effects on farmers in Pakistan. However, to date there is little direct evidence on how salinity specifically affects farm operations and the patterns of agricultural activity, and how farmers seek to overcome the effects of salinity. The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the causes of soil salinity and to consider possible remedial actions whereby farmers might reduce its adverse effects. Correlation analysis was used to determine whether farmers responded to soil salinity in identifiable patterns of socioeconomic activity and behavior. Throughout these analyses, it was assumed that salinity was the primary force driving the farming systems. Soil salinity was found to pose real constraints to agricultural productivity and the economic livelihoods of Pakistani farmers. With few notable exceptions, no discernible patterns in responses to soil salinity have emerged. Aside from the more traditional and costly methods for dealing with the problem, no new technologies to combat soil salinity have been widely disseminated, due to socioeconomic limitations of most farmers and general lack of awareness. Yet, the data indicate that in order to increase agricultural productivity, alternative technologies are needed, such as trees and shrubs to lower the water table, more effective water management to prevent waterlogging, and salt-tolerant and -resistant strains of edible crops. Without these measures, it is likely the situation will worsen in the coming years.

Keywords

agroforestryalternative cropsbioremediationproduction strategieswaterlogging
Type
Articles
Information
American Journal of Alternative Agriculture , Volume 15 , Issue 4 , December 2000 , pp. 154 - 159
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2000

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