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Netherlands v. Nuhanović Netherlands v. Mustafić-Mujić

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Miša Zgonec-Rožej
Miša Zgonec-Rožej*
Affiliation:
Chatham House, Royal Institute for International Affairs
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Abstract

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Keywords

UN peacekeepingstate responsibilitydraft articles on international responsibility of international organizationsdual attributioneffective controlEuropean Convention on Human RightsInternational Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Type
International Decisions
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 108 , Issue 3 , July 2014 , pp. 509 - 515
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2014

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References

1 Netherlands v. Nuhanović, Sup. Ct. Sept. 6, 2013, No. 12/03324, at http://www.rechtspraak.nl/Organisatie/Hoge-Raad/OverDeHogeRaad/publicaties/Documents/12%2003324.pdf(Eng.trans.);Netherlands v.Mustafić-Mujić, Sup. Ct. Sept. 6, 2013, No. 12/03329, at http://www.rechtspraak.nl/Organisatie/Hoge-Raad/OverDeHogeRaad/publicaties/Documents/12%2003329.pdf (Eng. trans.) [hereinafter Sup. Ct. judgments]. Parenthetical references in the text are to both judgments unless a specific decision is named.

2 European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Nov. 4, 1950, ETS No. 5, 213 UNTS 222; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Dec. 16, 1966, 999 UNTS 171.

3 SC Res. 819, paras. 1, 2 (Apr. 16, 1993).

4 Prosecutor v. Krstić, Case No. IT-98-33, Appeals Judgment, para. 88 (Int’l Crim. Trib. Former Yugo. Apr. 19, 2004), at http://www.icty.org.

5 Netherlands v. Nuhanović, Dist. Ct. The Hague Sept. 10, 2008, No. 265615/HA ZA 06-1671, at http://www.asser.nl/upload/documents/2222012_30115Nuhanovic%2010%20September%202008%20(English).pdf; Netherlands v. Mustafić-Mujić, Dist. Ct. The Hague Sept. 10, 2008, No. 265618/HA ZA 06-1672 [hereinafter Dist. Ct. judgments].

6 Dist. Ct. judgments, para. 4.9; Sup. Ct. judgments, para. 3.4.

7 Nuhanović v. Netherlands, Ct. App. The Hague July 5, 2011, No. 200.020.174/01, para. 5-20, at http://uitspraken.rechtspraak.nl/inziendocument?id=ECLINL:GHSGR:2011:BR5388 (Eng. trans.); Mustafić-Mujić v. Netherlands, Ct. App. The Hague July 5, 2011, No. 200.020.173/01, para. 5-20, at http://uitspraken.rechtspraak.nl/inziendocument?id=ECLI:NL:GHSGR:2011:BR5386 (Eng. trans.) [hereinafter Ct. App. judgments].

8 Ct. App. judgments, para. 6.20; Sup. Ct. judgments, para. 3.5-3.

9 Text of the Draft Articles [on Responsibility of International Organizations] with Commentaries, Art. 6, Report of the International Law Commission on the Work of Its Sixty-Third Session 69,84, UN GAOR 66 th Sess., Supp. No. 10, UN Doc. A/66/10 & Add.1 (2011) [hereinafter Draft Articles].

10 Id., Art. 7, at 87.

11 Id., Commentary, para. (1).

12 Id. at 83, Commentary, para. (4).

13 See Article 48 on responsibility of an international organization and one or more states for the same wrongful act, and accompanying commentary, id. at 144–45.

14 see Behrami v. France, Joined App. Nos. 71412/01 & 78166/01, Admissibility, para. 140 (Eur. Ct. H.R. May 2, 2007) (reported by Bodeau-Livinec, Pierre, Buzzini, Gionata P., & Villalpando, Santiago at 102 AJIL 323 (2008))CrossRefGoogle Scholar; see also id., paras. 138–39, 151. Decisions of the European Court cited herein are available at its website, http://hudoc.echr.coe.int.

15 SC Res. 1511, para. 13 (Oct. 16, 2003).

16 Al-Jedda v. United Kingdom, App. No. 27021/08, para.80(Eur. Ct. H.R. July 7,2011), 50 ILM 950 (2011) (reported by Zgonec-Rožej, Mišsa at 106 AJIL 830 (2012))Google Scholar.

17 Id., para. 84.

18 Nollkaemper, André, Dual Attribution: Liability of the Netherlands for Conduct of Dutchbat in Srebrenica, 9 J. Int’l Crim. Just. 1143, 1152–53 (2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

19 see Draft Articles, supra note 9, Art. 7 Commentary, para. (4), at 87–88 (citing UN Doc. A/C.6/64/SR.16, para. 23 (Dec. 16, 2009) (statement by United Kingdom on the provision that became draft Article 7)).

20 Mothers of Srebrenica v. Netherlands, Sup. Ct. Apr. 13, 2012, No. 10/04437, at http://www.internationalcrimesdatabase.org/Case/769; Stichting Mothers of Srebrenica v. Netherlands, App. No. 65542/12 (Eur. Ct. H.R. June 11, 2013) (reported by Cogan, Jacob Katz at 107 AJIL 884 (2013))Google Scholar.

21 Ct. App. judgments, supra note 7, para. 6.3; Sup. Ct. judgments, para. 3.15.2.

22 Al-Skeini v. United Kingdom, App. No. 55721/07, para. 131 (Eur. Ct. H.R. July 7, 2011), 50 ILM 995 (2011) (reported by Zgonec-Rožej, Miša at 106 AJIL 131 (2012))CrossRefGoogle Scholar; see Sup. Ct. judgments, para. 3.17.2.

23 Al-Skeini, paras. 134–38.

24 see District Public Prosecutor’s Office, Netherlands East, Press Release, No Criminal Inquiry in Srebrenica Case (Mar. 7, 2013), at http://www.om.nl/publish/pages/202758/press_release_srebrenica.pdf.

25 Id.