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Antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic bacteria: lessons learned from host-specific pathogens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 December 2008

Trudy M. Wassenaar  and
Peter Silley
Trudy M. Wassenaar*
Affiliation:
Molecular Microbiology and Genomics Consultants, Zotzenheim, Germany
Peter Silley
Affiliation:
MB Consult Limited, Lymington, UK Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
*
*Corresponding author. Tannenstrasse 7, 55576Zotzenheim, Germany. E-mail: wassenaar_t@yahoo.co.uk
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Abstract

The relative contribution of veterinary and human clinical treatments to the selection of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic pathogens remains controversial. In this review, we consider bacterial pathogens that differ in host specificity and address their resistance profiles: pathogens that only occur in the human host, pathogens that are specific to particular food-producing animals and pathogens that occur in both host types. Compared with those pathogens restricted to a single animal host, pathogens found in both human and animal hosts appear to have higher incidences of resistance. However, the most urgent and severe resistance problems occur with pathogens exclusively infecting humans. Differences exist in the available genetic repertoire of a bacterial species and these are reflected in the observed resistance patterns; it is important to note that different bacterial species do not automatically result in similarly resistant populations when they undergo comparable selection in different host species. Thus, within a bacterial species, prevalence of resistance can differ between populations isolated from different hosts. For some species, fluctuations in dominant subpopulations, for instance particular serotypes, can be the most important factor determining resistance. The frequently expressed opinion that veterinary use of antimicrobials is at the heart of many resistance problems may be an oversimplification of the complex forces at play.

Keywords

antibiotic resistancezoonosisfood-borne pathogenveterinary medicinehuman health
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 9 , Issue 2: Symposium on Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Animals , December 2008 , pp. 177 - 186
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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