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Response to dietary protein during lactation of Meishan synthetic, Large White and Landrace gilts given food to achieve the same target backfat level at farrowing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

A. G. Sinclair ,
M. C. Cia ,
S. A. Edwards  and
S. Hoste
A. G. Sinclair
Affiliation:
Scottish Agricultural College, Craibstone Estate, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9YA
M. C. Cia
Affiliation:
Pig Improvement Company, Fyfield Wick, Abington, Oxfordshire OX13 5NA
S. A. Edwards
Affiliation:
Scottish Agricultural College, Craibstone Estate, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9YA
S. Hoste
Affiliation:
Pig Improvement Company, Fyfield Wick, Abington, Oxfordshire OX13 5NA
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Abstract

A 3 × 2 factorial experiment was used to investigate the influence of the breed type of gilts (Meishan synthetic 50% (M), purebred Large White (LW) and purebred Landrace (LR)) on response to insoenergetic diets of differing protein levels (180 g crude protein (CP) per kg, 9 g lysine per kg; or 240 g CP per kg, 12 g lysine per kg) offered to appetite over a 28-day lactation. Body fat reserves were adjusted during pregnancy by supplementing a set quantity of basal diet (131 g CP per kg, 12·7 MJ digestible energy (DE) per kg) with an energy source (maize starch + soya oil), to attain a backfat at P2 (6·5 mm off midline at last rib) of 25 mm at farrowing for all breeds. There were no significant diet effects or breed ×diet interactions on lactational performance. On day 1 of lactation, backfat was: M = 25·9, LW = 24·9, LR = 23·9 mm (P < 0·005). M gilts were lighter at farrowing (M = 173, LW = 192, LR = 182 kg; P < 0·001) and had more piglets than LW and LR. LR gilts had heavier piglets at birth (M = 1·13, LW = 1·18, LR = 1·38 kg, P < 0·001) than M and LW gilts. M gilts had a higher food intake (M = 6·4, LW = 5·2, LR = 5·1 kg/day; P < 0·001) but higher fat (M = 4·1, LW = 2·2, LR = 2·9 mm; P < 0·05) and weight (M = 15·9, LW = 1·0, LR = 4·7 kg; P < 0·001) loss over lactation than LW and LR gilts. LW gilts had a lower lactation output as reflected by lower litter weights at weaning than M and LR gilts (M = 73·7, LW = 59·3, LR = 75·2 kg; P < 0·002). It is concluded that lactation of gilts is not improved by provision of a very high protein diet (240 g CP per kg) and that performance still differs between breeds when backfat levels are standardized.

Keywords

backfatgiltslactationpregnancyprotein intake
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 67 , Issue 2 , October 1998 , pp. 349 - 354
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1998

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