Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vvkck Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T23:09:10.470Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Natural history and conservation of the endemic avifauna in north-west Peru

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2010

Theodore A. Parker III ,
Thomas S. Schulenberg ,
Michael Kessler  and
Walter H. Wust
Theodore A. Parker III
Affiliation:
Conservation International, 1015 18th Street N.W., Suite 1000, Washington, D.C. 20036, U.S.A., and Museum of Natural Science, 119 Foster Hall, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, U.S.A
Thomas S. Schulenberg
Affiliation:
Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A, and Bird Division, Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, U.S.A
Michael Kessler
Affiliation:
Schiefer Weg 5, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
Walter H. Wust
Affiliation:
Huarol J-12, Los Manzanos, Lima 33, Peru
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Roughly 30% of the avifauna of the dry tropical forests of north-western Peru and adjacent south-western Ecuador is endemic to this small region. Large areas in this region, especially on the Ecuadorian side of the border, have been deforested, further heightening the threatened conservation status of this fauna. The largest remaining tracts of forest in this region are in the Bosque Nacional de Tumbes, Peru. This forest, which was visited in 1986 and 1988, holds significant populations of 12 threatened or near-threatened species, and smaller populations of at least three more endangered species. Six species (Aramides axillaris, Thalurania colombica, Picumnus olivaceus, Attila torridus, Arremonops conirostris, Carduelis siemiradzkii) are reported in Peru for the first time. Evidence is presented for seasonal movements of some species, including the threatened Leptotila ochraceiventris and in the small Peruvian population of Pionus chalcopterus. Based primarily on vocal evidence, it is proposed that Thamnophilus zarumae and Grallaria watkinsi be recognized as full species, and that “Empidonax” griseipectus be transferred to Lathrotriccus; further work is needed on the species status of endemic forms in other polytypic species such as Sittasomus griseicapillus and Pyriglena leuconota.

Aproximadamente 30% de la avifauna de los bosques secos tropicales del noroeste del Perú, y del suroeste de Ecuador, es endémica a esta pequeña región. Extensas areas en esta región, especialmente del lado de la frontera ecuatoriana, han sido deforestadas, aumentando así la amenaza para la conservación de la fauna. Los más grandes vestigios de bosque seco tropical que subsisten en esta región están localizados en el Bosque Nacional de Tumbes en el Perú. Este bosque, que fue visitado en 1986 y 1988, tiene poblaciones significativas de 12 especies amenazadas o con posible amenaza de extinción, y poblaciones pequeñas de 3 especies más que están en peligro de desaparecer. Notas sobre la historia natural son presentadas para 28 especies, incluyendo 11 especies que están amenazadas o en peligro de extinción. Seis especies (Aramides axillaris, Thalurania colombica, Picumnus olivaceus, Attila torridus, Arremonops conirostris, Carduelis siemiradzkii) están reportados en el Perú por primera vez. Evidencia es presentada para movimientos estacionales de algunas especies, incluyendo la amenazada Leptotila ochraceiventris y la población pequeña peruana de Pionus chalcopterus. Basandose principalmente en evidencia vocal, se propone que Thamnophilus zarumae y Grallaria watkinsi pueden ser reconocidas como especies y que “Empidonax” griseipectus puede ser transferido a Lathrotriccus. Se necesita más estudios para determinar el estatus de las formas endémicas de especies politípicas como Sittasomus griseicapillus y Pyriglena leuconota.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bird Conservation International , Volume 5 , Issue 2-3: In memory of Ted Parker , September 1995 , pp. 201 - 231
Copyright
Copyright © Birdlife International 1995

References

American Ornithologists' Union (1983) Check-list of North American birds. Sixth edition. Washington D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union.Google Scholar
Belton, W. (1984) Birds of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Part I. Rheidae through Furnariidae. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 178: 369–636.Google Scholar
Best, B. J. and Clarke, C. T. (1991) The threatened birds of the Sozoranga region, southwest Ecuador. Cambridge U.K.: International Council for Bird Preservation (Study Report 44).Google Scholar
Best, B. J., ed. (1992) The threatened forests of south-west Ecuador. Leeds: Biosphere Publications.Google Scholar
Best, B. J., Clarke, C. T., Checker, M., Broom, A. L., Thewlis, R. M., Duckworth, W. and McNab, A. (1993a) Distributional records, natural history notes, and conservation of some poorly known birds from southwestern Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 113: 108–119.Google Scholar
Best, B. J., Clarke, C. T., Checker, M., Broom, A. L., Thewlis, R. M., Duckworth, W. and McNab, A. (1993) Distributional records, natural history notes, and conservation of some poorly known birds from southwestern Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 113: 234–255.Google Scholar
Best, B. J. and Krabbe, N. (1994) A review of the status and conservation of the Rufous headed Chachalaca. World Pheasant Assoc. J. 17–18: 45–56.Google Scholar
Best, B. J., Krabbe, N., Clarke, C. T. and Best, A. L. (1995) Red-masked Parakeet Aratinga erythrogenys and Grey-cheeked Parakeet Brotogeris pyrrhopterus: two threatened parrots from Tumbesian Ecuador and Peru? Bird Conserv. Internatn. 5: 233–250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blake, E. R. (1977) Manual of Neotropical birds, 1. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Chapman, F. M. (1917) The distribution of bird-life in Colombia: a contribution to a biological survey of South America. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 36: 1–729.Google Scholar
Chapman, F. M. (1919) Descriptions of proposed new birds from Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Colombia. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 32: 253–268.Google Scholar
Chapman, F. M. (1923) Descriptions of proposed new birds from Panama, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Amer. Mus. Novit. 67.Google Scholar
Chapman, F. M. (1926) The distribution of bird-life in Ecuador: a contribution to a study of the origin of Andean bird-life. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 55: 1–784.Google Scholar
Collar, N. J., Gonzaga, L. P., Krabbe, N., Madroño Nieto, A., Naranjo, L. G., Parker, T. A. III and Wege, D. C. (1992) Threatened birds of the Americas: the ICBP/IUCN Red Data Book. Cambridge U.K.: International Council for Bird Preservation.Google Scholar
Cory, C. B. and Hellmayr, C. E. (1924) Catalogue of birds of the Americas. Part III. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 13.Google Scholar
Cracraft, J. (1985) Historical biogeography and patterns of differentiation within the South American avifauna: areas of endemism. Pp. 49–84 in Buckley, P. A.Foster, M. S.Morton, E. S.Ridgely, R. S. and Buckley, F. G., eds. Neotropical ornithology. Washington D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union (Orn. Monogr. 36).Google Scholar
Dodson, C. H. and Gentry, A. H. (1991) Biological extinction in western Ecuador. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78: 273–295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dourojeanni, M. J. and Ponce, C. F. (1978) Los parques nacionales del Peru. Madrid: Instituto de la Caza Fotográfica y Ciencias de la Naturaleza.Google Scholar
Gentry, A. H. (1982) Phytogeographic patterns as evidence for a Chocó refuge. Pp. 112–136 in Prance, G. T., ed. Biological diversification in the tropics. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Harris, R. (1985) Grey-cheeked Parakeets and other Brotogeris. Neptune City, New Jersey: TFH Publications, Inc.Google Scholar
Hellmayr, C. E. (1934) Catalogue of birds of the Americas. Part VII. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 13.Google Scholar
Hellmayr, C. E. and Conover, B. (1942) Catalogue of birds of the Americas. Part I, no. 1. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 13.Google Scholar
Hilty, S. L. and Brown, W. L. (1986) A guide to the birds of Colombia. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Koepcke, H. -W. and Koepcke, M. (1966) Las aves silvestres de importancia económica del Perú, Part XIV. Lima: Ministerio de Agricultura.Google Scholar
König, C. (1991) Zur Taxonomie und Ökologie der Sperlingskäuze (Glaucidium spp.) des Andenraumes. Ökol. Vögel 13: 15–76.Google Scholar
Lanyon, W. E. and Lanyon, S. M. (1986) Generic status of Euler's Flycatcher: a morphological and biochemical study. Auk 103: 341–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKitrick, M. C. and Zink, R. M. (1988) Species concepts in ornithology. Condor 90: 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer de Schauensee, R. (1966) The species of birds of South America with their distribution. Narberth, Pennsylvania: Livingston Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Müller, P. (1973) The dispersal centres of terrestrial vertebrates in the Neotropical realm. The Hague: Junk.Google Scholar
Mulliken, T. and Thomsen, J. B. (1990). U. S. bird trade: the controversy continues although imports decline. Traffic USA 10: 1–11.Google Scholar
Parker, T. A. III, and Carr, J. L. (1992) Status offorest remnants in the Cordillera de la Costa and adjacent areas of southwestern Ecuador. Washington D.C.: Conservation International (RAP Working Papers 2).Google Scholar
Parker, T. A. III, Fitzpatrick, J. W. and Stotz, D. F. (in press) Ecological and distributional databases. In Stotz, D. F.Fitzpatrick, J. W.Parker, T. A. III and Moskovits, D. K.. Neotropical birds: ecology and conservation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Parker, T. A. III, Schulenberg, T. S., Graves, G. R. and Braun, M. J. (1985) The avifauna of the Huancabamba region, northern Peru. Pp. 169–197 in Buckley, P. A.Foster, M. S.Morton, E. S.Ridgely, R. S. and Buckley, F. G., eds. Neotropical ornithology. Washington D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union (Orn. Monogr. 36).Google Scholar
Paynter, R. A. Jr (1960) Family Troglodytidae. Pp. 379–440 in Mayr, E. and Green-way, J. C., eds. Check-list of birds of the world, 9. Cambridge, Mass.: Museum of Comparative Zoology.Google Scholar
Paynter, R. A. Jr (1972) Notes on the furnariid Automolus (Hylocryptus) erythrocephalus. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 92: 154–155.Google Scholar
Paynter, R. A. Jr (1993) Ornithological gazetteer of Ecuador. Second edition. Cambridge, Mass.: Museum of Comparative Zoology.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peters, J. L. (1951) Check-list of birds of the world, 7. Cambridge, Mass.: Museum of Comparative Zoology.Google Scholar
Remsen, J. V. Jr (1984) High incidence of “leapfrog” pattern of geographic variation in Andean birds: implications for the speciation process. Science 224: 171–173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Remsen, J. V. Jr and Parker, T. A. III (1984) Arboreal dead-leaf-searching birds of the neotropics. Condor 86: 36–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ridgely, R. S. (1981) The current distribution and status of mainland neotropical parrots. Pp. 233384 in Pasquier, R. F., ed. Conservation of New World parrots. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press for the International Council for Bird Preservation (Techn. Publ. 1).Google Scholar
Ridgely, R. S. and Tudor, G. (1989) The birds of South America, 1. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Robbins, M. B. and Ridgely, R. S. (1990) The avifauna of an upper tropical cloud forest in southwestern Ecuador. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 142: 59–71.Google Scholar
Schulenberg, T. S. and Parker, T. A. III (1981) Status and distribution of some northwest Peruvian birds. Condor 83: 209–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tosi, J. A. Jr (1960) Zonas de vida natural en el Perú: memoria explicativa sobre el mapa ecológico del Perú. Washington D.C.: Instituto Interamericano de Ciencias Agrícolas de la OEA, Zona Andina, Proyecto 39, Programa de Cooperación Tecnica (Bol. Techn. 5).Google Scholar
Traylor, M. A. Jr (1977) Tyrannidae. Pp. 1–229 in Traylor, M. A. Jr, ed. Check-list of birds of the world, 8. Cambridge, Mass.: Museum of Comparative Zoology.Google Scholar
Wiedenfeld, D., Schulenberg, T. S. and Robbins, M. B. (1985) Birds of a tropical deciduous forest in extreme northwestern Peru. Pp. 305–315 in Buckley, P. A.Foster, M. S.Morton, E. S.Ridgely, R. S. and Buckley, F. G., eds. Neotropical ornithology. Washington D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union (Orn. Monogr. 36).Google Scholar
Willis, E. O. (1981) Diversity in adversity: the behaviors of two subordinate antbirds. Arq. Zool. 30: 159–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willis, E. O. and Oniki, Y. (1982) Behavior of Fringe-backed Fire-eyes (Pyriglena atra, Formicariidae): a test case for taxonomy versus conservation. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 42: 213–223.Google Scholar
Zimmer, J. T. (1951) Studies of Peruvian birds. II. Amer. Mus Novit. 509.Google Scholar