Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-glrdx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-29T16:19:40.487Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Trapping as a means of controlling tsetse, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae): the relative merits of killing and of sterilization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

P. A. Langley  and
D. Weidhaas
P. A. Langley
Affiliation:
ODA/University of Bristol, Tsetse Research Laboratory, Langford, Bristol, BS18 7DU, UK
D. Weidhaas
Affiliation:
USDA—SEA-AR, Insects Affecting Man and Animals Research Laboratory, Gainesville, Florida 32604, USA*
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A deterministic simulation model for Glossina spp. based upon a simple life-history analysis was used to test a variety of effects designed to cause a decline in population numbers. Average daily survival values for pupae were varied to make populations grow at different rates. All age classes were then updated for all life stages each day for a 12-month period. As expected, the population remained stable when Ro = 1·0, and the population doubled in 105 days when Ro = 2·0. Sub-routines were added to test the effects of trapping 0·5 to 2·5% of the population per day and killing both sexes, sterilizing and releasing both sexes or sterilizing and releasing males only, the females not being trapped. Results suggest that killing or sterilizing both sexes is always superior to sterilizing males only and leaving the females unharmed but that this superiority is diminished when either population growth rates are low (<1·0) or trapping rates are high (>2·0% per day). As population growth rate increases or trapping rates decline, there is a proportionately greater advantage to be gained by sterilizing both sexes than by adopting either of the other two strategies. A situation is illustrated where for a trapping rate of 1% per day within a population that is doubling at close to its optimal rate (Ro = 2·0) sterilization of both sexes is the only strategy which will cause a population decline. Results are discussed in terms of development of low technology, cost-effective methods of tsetse control which are non-polluting and therefore environmentally acceptable.

Information

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 76 , Issue 1 , March 1986 , pp. 89 - 95
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Allsopp, R. (1984). Control of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) using insecticides: a review and future prospects.—Bull. ent. Res. 74, 1–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bursell, E. (1977). Chemosterilisation of tsetse flies using a pressurised metepa aerosol.—Trans. Rhod. scient. Ass. 58, 43–47.Google Scholar
Coates, T. W. & Langley, P. A. (1982). Laboratory evaluation of contact sex pheromone and bisazir for autosterilization of Glossina morsitans.—Entomologia exp. appl. 31, 276–284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, C. F. & Langley, P. A. (1972). Use of nitrogen and chilling in the production of radiation-induced sterility in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans.—Entomologia exp. appl. 15, 360–376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dame, D. A. & Schmidt, C. H. (1970). The sterile-male technique against tsetse flies, Glossina spp.—Bull. ent. Soc. Am. 16, 24–30.Google Scholar
Glasgow, J. P. (1963). The distribution and abundance of tsetse.—241 pp. Oxford, Pergamon.Google Scholar
Haile, D. G. & Weidhaas, D. E. (1977). Computer simulation of mosquito populations (Anopheles albimanus) for comparing the effectiveness of control technologies.—J. med. Entomol. 13, 553–567.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, D. R., Beevor, P. S., Cork, A., Nesbitt, B. F. & Vale, G. A. (1984). 1-Octen-3-ol. A potent olfactory stimulant and attractant for tsetse isolated from cattle odours.—Insect Sci. Applic. 5, 335–339.Google Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. (1981). Tsetse dispersal reconsidered.—J. Anim. Ecol. 50, 351–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrove, J. W. (1984). A successful field trial for baits for tsetse control.—Zimbabwe Science News 18, 103–104.Google Scholar
House, A. P. R. (1982). Chemosterilisation of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the field.—Bull. ent. Res. 72, 65–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, A. M. (1979). Trypanosomiasis control and land use in Africa.—Outlook on Agriculture 10, 123–129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, A. M. & Curtis, C. F. (1972). Productivity of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood maintained in the laboratory, with particular reference to the sterile-insect release method.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 46, 33–38.Google Scholar
Knipling, E. F. (1979). The basic principles of insect population suppression and management.—Agric. Handb. U.S. Dep. Agric. no. 512, 659 pp.Google Scholar
Langley, P. A., Huyton, P. M., Carlson, D. A. & Schwarz, M. (1981). Effects of Glossina morsi tans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) sex pheromone on behaviour of males in field and laboratory.—Bull. ent. Res. 71, 57–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langley, P. A., Coates, T. W., Carlson, D. A., Vale, G. A. & Marshall, J. (1982). Prospects for autosterilisation of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), using sex pheromone and bisazir in the field.—Bull. ent. Res. 72, 319–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maynard Smith, J. & Slatkin, M. (1973). The stability of predator-prey systems.—Ecology 54, 384–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Politzar, H., Cuisance, D., Fevrier, J. & Sellin, E. (1980). Experimental eradication of Glossina palpalis gambiensis by an association of a chemical with a genetic method [Abstract].—Int. Congr. Ent. 16, 173.Google Scholar
Rogers, D. J. & Randolph, S. E. (1984). A review of density-dependent processes in tsetse populations.—Insect Sci. Applic. 5, 397–402.Google Scholar
Rogers, D. J., Randolph, S. E. & Kuzoe, F. A. S. (1984). Local variation in the population dynamics of Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Glossinidae). I. Natural population regulation.—Bull. ent. Res. 74, 403–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, P. (1979). The construction of a life-table for Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) from seasonal age-measurements of a wild population.—Bull. ent. Res. 69, 553–560.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1974). The responses of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) to mobile and stationary baits.—Bull. ent. Res. 64, 545–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1980). Field studies of the responses of tsetse flies (Glossinidae) and other Diptera to carbon dioxide, acetone and other chemicals.—Bull. ent. Res. 70, 563–570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1982). The trap-orientated behaviour of tsetse flies (Glossinidae) and other Diptera.—Bull. ent. Res. 72, 71–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weidhaas, D. E. & Haile, D. G. (1978). A theoretical model to determine the degree of trapping required for insect population control.—Bull. ent. Soc. Am. 24, 18–20.Google Scholar
Williamson, D. L., Dame, D. A., Gates, D. B., Cobb, P. E., Bakuli, B. & Warner, P. V. (1983). Integration of insect sterility and insecticides for control of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Tanzania. V. The impact of sequential releases of sterilised tsetse flies.—Bull. ent. Res. 73, 391–404.CrossRefGoogle Scholar