Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-cfpbc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T08:23:16.567Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Diel periodicities of landing of nulliparous and parous Aedes aegypti (L.) at Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Diptera, Culicidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

Philip S. Corbet  and
Stephen M. Smith
Philip S. Corbet
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Stephen M. Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The results derive from three 24-h catches of Aedes aegypti (L.) (1190 females, 504 males) using human bait at Buguruni, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in April 1971. The diel periodicity of all females is predominantly diurnal (at least 99·83% arrive during daylight or twilight) and bimodal, with consistent peaks at 06.00–07.00 h (post-sunrise) and 17.00–18.00 h (pre-sunset). The diel periodicities of nullipars and pars, and of uninseminated and inseminated females are virtually identical. The diel periodicity of males is also bimodal but differs from that of females in that at least two-thirds (instead of about half) of the individuals arrive between noon and sunset, more activity occurs between 09.00 and 15.00 h, and the post-sunrise peak falls at 08.00–09.00 h. A large influx of nullipars one afternoon did little to modify the close correspondence between the diel periodicities of nullipars and pars on subsequent days. Females land on bait in all ovarian stages (I–V), but in these catches more than 80% of nullipars and pars were almost equally divided between stages I and II. Among nullipars relatively more uninseminated females, and among pars relatively more with relict eggs, land in stage I than do so in stage II. It is inferred that pars with relict eggs usually expel them between stages I and II. This work reveals the likelihood that (at least at Buguruni) the frequency of potentially infective bites on a given day could be monitored with acceptable precision by limiting the catch to seven hours and the part that was age-graded to two hours.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 64 , Issue 1 , August 1974 , pp. 111 - 121
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1974

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Atmosoedjono, S., Van Peenen, P. F. D., See, R. & Saroso, J. S. (1972). Man-biting activity of Aedes aegypti in Djakarta, Indonesia.—Mosquito News 32, 467–469.Google Scholar
Boorman, J. P. T. (1960). Studies on the biting habits of the mosquito, Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti Linn., in a West African village.—W. Afr. med. J. (n.s.) 9, 111–122.Google Scholar
Christophers, S. R. (1911). The development of the egg follicle in Anophelines.—Paludism 2, 73–88.Google Scholar
Conway, G. R. & Murdie, G. (1972). Population models as a basis for pest control.—Symp. Br. ecol. Soc. 12, 195–213.Google Scholar
Corbet, P. S. (1961). Entomological studies from a high tower in Mpanga Forest, Uganda. VIII. The age-composition of biting mosquito populations according to time and level.—Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 113, 336–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corbet, P. S. (1962). The age-composition of biting mosquito populations according to time and level: a further study.—Bull. ent. Res. 53, 409–416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corbet, P. S. (1963). Seasonal patterns of age-composition of sylvan mosquito populations in Uganda (Diptera, Culicidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 54, 213–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corbet, P. S. (1964). The ovarian condition of certain sylvan mosquitos in Uganda (Diptera, Culicidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 55, 367–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corbet, P. S. (1966). The role of rhythms in insect behaviour.—Symp. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 3, 13–28.Google Scholar
Craig, G. B. (1967). Mosquitoes: female monogamy induced by male accessory gland substance.—Science, N.Y. 156, 1499–1501.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Detinova, T. S. (1962). Age-grouping methods in Diptera of medical importance with special reference to some vectors of malaria. With a foreward by W. N. Beklemishev and an annex on the ovary and ovarioles of mosquitoes (with glossary) by D. S. Bertram.—Monograph Ser. W.H.O. 47, 216 pp.Google Scholar
Detinova, T. S. & Gillies, M. T. (1964). Observations on the determination of the age composition and epidemiological importance of populations of Anopheles gambiae Giles and Anopheles funestus Giles in Tanganyika.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 30, 23–28.Google ScholarPubMed
Gillies, M. T. (1955). The pre-gravid phase of ovarian development in Anopheles funestus.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 49, 320–325.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gillies, M. T. (1957). Age-groups and the biting cycle in Anopheles gambiae. A preliminary investigation.—Bull. ent. Res. 48, 553–559.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goma, L. K. H. (1964). Insemination and blood feeding in Aedes aegypti.—Rep. E. Afr. Virus Res. Inst. 1962–63, 57–58.Google Scholar
Gould, D. J., Mount, G. A., Scanlon, J. E., Ford, H. R. & Sullivan, M. F. (1970). Ecology and control of dengue vectors on an island in the Gulf of Thailand.—J. med. Ent. 7, 499–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haddow, A. J. (1954). Studies of the biting-habits of African mosquitos. An appraisal of methods employed, with special reference to the twenty-four-hour catch.—Bull. ent. Res. 45, 199–242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haddow, A. J. (1960). Studies on the biting habits and medical importance of East African mosquitos in the genus Aëdes. I.—Subgenera Aëdimorphus, Banksinella and Dunnius.—Bull. ent. Res. 50, 759–779.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haddow, A. J. & Ssenkubuge, Y. (1973). The mosquitoes of Bwamba County, Uganda. IX. Further studies on the biting behaviour of an outdoor population of the Anopheles gambiae Giles complex.—Bull. ent. Res. 62, 407–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartberg, W. K. (1971). Observations on the mating behaviour of Aedes aegypti in nature.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 45, 847–850.Google ScholarPubMed
Judson, C. L. (1967). Feeding and oviposition behavior in the mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.).— I. Preliminary studies of physiological control mechanisms.—Biol. Bull. mar. biol. Lab., Woods Hole 133, 369–377.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lumsden, W. H. R. (1957). The activity cycle of domestic Aëdes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.) (Dipt., Culicid.) in Southern Province, Tanganyika.—Bull. ent. Res. 48, 769–782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macan, T. T. (1950). The anopheline mosquitoes of Iraq and north Persia.—Mem. Lond. Sch. Hyg. trop. Med. no. 7, 109–219.Google Scholar
Macdonald, W. W. (1956). Aedes aegypti in Malaya. II.—Larval and adult biology.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 50, 399–414.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattingly, P. F. (1957). Genetical aspects of the Aëdes aegypti problem. I. Taxonomy and bionomics.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 51, 392–408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClelland, G. A. H. (1959). Observations on the mosquito, Aëdes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.), in East Africa. II.—The biting cycle in an outdoor population at Entebbe, Uganda.—Bull. ent. Res. 50, 227–235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClelland, G. A. H. (1960). Observations on the mosquito, Aëdes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.) in East Africa. I.—The biting cycle in a domestic population on the Kenya coast.—Bull. ent. Res. 50, 687–696.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClelland, G. A. H. (1971). Variation in scale pattern of the abdominal tergum of Aedes aegypti (L.). [Unpublished document.]—20 pp. Geneva, World Health Organization (WHO/VBC71.271).Google Scholar
McClelland, G. A. H. & Conway, G. R. (1971). Frequency of blood feeding in the mosquito, Aedes aegypti.—Nature, Lond. 232, 485–486.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Senior White, R. A. (1953). On the evening biting activity of three neotropical Anopheles in Trinidad, British West Indies.—Bull. ent. Res. 44, 451–460.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheppard, P. M., Macdonald, W. W., Tonn, R. J. & Grab, B. (1969). The dynamics of an adult population of Aedes aegypti in relation to dengue haemorrhagic fever in Bangkok.—J. Anim. Econ. 38, 661–702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teesdale, C. (1955). Studies on the bionomics of Aëdes aegypti (L.) in its natural habitats in a coastal region of Kenya.—Bull. ent. Res. 46, 711–742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trpis, M. (1972). Seasonal changes in the larval populations of Aedes aegypti in two biotopes in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 47, 245–255.Google ScholarPubMed
Trpis, M., McClelland, G. A. H., Gillett, J. D., Teesdale, C. & Rao, T. R. (1973). Diel periodicity in the landing of Aedes aegypti on man.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 48,623–629.Google ScholarPubMed
Van Someren, E. C. C., Heisch, R. B. & Furlong, M. (1958). Observations on the behaviour of some mosquitos of the Kenya coast.—Bull. ent. Res. 49, 643–660.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization (1970). Research on alternative methods of vector control. [Unpublished document.]—18 pp. Geneva, World Health Organization (A23/P&B/3).Google Scholar