Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T03:42:28.862Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of temperature and cultivar on pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) life history

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

D. Morgan ,
K.F.A. Walters  and
J.N. Aegerter
D. Morgan*
Affiliation:
Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK
K.F.A. Walters
Affiliation:
Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK
J.N. Aegerter
Affiliation:
Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK
*
*Fax: 01904 462111 E-mail: D.Morgan@csl.gov.uk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Life history parameters of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum were studied at five constant temperatures on two cultivars of peas, Scout and Sancho. The development and mortality of juveniles and the life-span, age-specific fecundity and survivorship of adult aphids were recorded and used to construct life tables. The juvenile development period (from birth to adulthood) was longest at 11.9°C (16.8 days on cv. Scout and 16.2 days on cv. Sancho) and shortest at 26.7°C (8.5 days on cv. Scout and 8.8 days on cv. Sancho). At all temperatures, except 26.7°C, juveniles developed faster on cv. Sancho than on cv. Scout. On both pea varieties juvenile mortality was highest at temperatures above 19.6°C and lowest at 19.6°C. Highest cumulative juvenile mortality was recorded on cv. Scout at 26.7°C when only 9% of aphids survived from birth to reproductively mature adults. Fecundity rates were unaffected by temperature in the range tested on cv. Sancho but increased with increasing temperatures between 11.9 and 19.6°C on cv. Scout. These differences in life history parameters were reflected in the population growth (rm) of aphids on both pea cultivars which increased with increasing temperatures between 11.9 and 23.1°C on cv. Sancho and 11.9 and 19.6°C on cv. Scout, declining thereafter. Population growth was consistently greater at all temperatures for aphids reared on cv. Sancho than those reared on cv. Scout.

Type
Review Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 91 , Issue 1 , February 2001 , pp. 47 - 52
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Benrey, B. & Denno, R.F. (1997) The slow–growth–high-mortality hypothesis: a test using the cabbage butterfly. Ecology 78, 987–999.Google Scholar
Biddle, A.J. (1985) Pea pests – effect on yield and quality and control practices in the UK. pp. 257–266 in Hebblewaite, P.D., Heath, M.C. & Dawkins, T.C.K. (Eds) The pea crop – a basis for improvement. London, Butterworths.Google Scholar
Biddle, A.J., Blood Smith, J.A. & Talbot, G. (1994) Determination of pea aphid thresholds for vining peas. Brighton Crop Protection Conference – Pests and Diseases 1, 713–718.Google Scholar
Bieri, M., Baumgartner, J., Bianchi, G., Delucchi, V. & von Arx, R. (1983) Development and fecundity of pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) as affected by constant temperature and by pea cultivars. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique Suisse 56, 163–171.Google Scholar
Birch, L.C. (1948) The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. Journal of Animal Ecology 17, 15–26.Google Scholar
Blackman, R.L. & Eastop, V.F. (1984) Aphids on the World's crops: an identification guide. 466 pp. Chichester, John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Campbell, A. & Mackaeur, M. (1975) Thermal constants for development of the pea aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) and some of its parasites. Canadian Entomologist 107, 419–423.Google Scholar
Campbell, A., Frazer, B.D., Gilbert, N., Gutierrez, A.P. & Mackaeur, M. (1974) Temperature requirements of some aphids and their parasites. Journal of Applied Ecology 11, 431–438.Google Scholar
Frazer, B.D. (1972) Life tables and intrinsic rates of increase of the apterous black bean aphids and pea aphids, on broad bean (Homoptera: Aphididae). Canadian Entomologist 104, 1717–1722.Google Scholar
Harrison, J.R. & Barlow, C.A. (1973) Survival of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae) at extreme temperatures. Canadian Entomologist 105, 1513–1518.Google Scholar
Hille Ris Lambers, D. (1966) Polymorphism in Aphididae. Annual Review of Entomology 11, 47–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huggett, D.A.J., Leather, S.R. & Walters, K.F.A. (1999) Suitability of the biomass crop Miscanthus sinensis as a host for the aphids Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Rhopalosiphum maidis (F.), and its susceptibility to the plant luteovirus Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 1, 143–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutchinson, W.D. & Hogg, D.B. (1984) Demographic statistics for the pea aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Wisconsin and a comparison to other populations. Environmental Entomology 13, 1173–1181.Google Scholar
Knott, C.M. (1987) A key for stages of development of the pea (Pisum sativum). Annals of Applied Biology 111, 233–244.Google Scholar
Lamb, R.J. (1992) Developmental rates of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae) at low temperatures: implications for estimating rate parameters for insects. Environmental Entomology 21, 10–19.Google Scholar
Lamb, R.J., MacKay, P.A. & Gerber, G.H. (1987) Are development and growth of pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum, in North America adapted to local temperatures? Oecologia 72, 170–177.Google Scholar
Lane, A. & Walters, K.F.A. (1991) Effect of pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) on the yield of combining peas. Aspects of Applied Biology 27, 363–368.Google Scholar
Leather, S.R. & Dixon, A.F.G. (1981) The effect of cereal growth stage and feeding site on the reproductive activity of the bird-cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. Annals of Applied Biology 97, 135–141.Google Scholar
Leather, S.R., Walters, K.F.A. & Dixon, A.F.G. (1989) Factors determining the pest status of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in Europe: a study and review. Bulletin of Entomological Research 79, 345–360.Google Scholar
MacGillivray, M.E. & Anderson, G.B. (1957) Three useful insect cages. Canadian Entomologist 89, 43–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Markula, M. & Roukka, K. (1971) Resistance of plants to the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hom., Aphididae). III. Fecundity on different pea cultivars. Annales Agricultarae Fennicae 10, 33–37.Google Scholar
Morgan, D. (2000) Population dynamics of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), during the autumn and winter: a modelling approach. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, in press.Google Scholar
Rabbinge, R., Ankersmit, G.W. & Pak, G.A. (1979) Epidemiology and simulation of population development of Sitobion avenae in winter wheat. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 85, 197–220.Google Scholar
van Rijn, P.C.J., Mollema, C. & Steenhuis-Broers, G.M. (1995) Comparative life history studies of Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on cucumber. Bulletin of Entomological Research 85, 285–297.Google Scholar
Siddiqui, W.H., Barlow, C.A. & Randolph, P.A. (1973) Effects of some constant and alternating temperatures on population growth of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae). Canadian Entomologist 105, 145–156.Google Scholar
Walters, K.F.A., Lane, A., Oakley, J.N. & Heath, M.C. (1994) Control of pea aphid on combining peas and improved management strategies. Brighton Crop Protection Conference – Pests and Diseases 1, 211–216.Google Scholar
Watson, T.F. (1964) Influence of host plant condition on population increase in Tetranychus telarius (Linnaeus) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Hilgardia 35, 273–321.Google Scholar