Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-45l2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T02:30:20.070Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Host recognition and acceptance behaviour in two aphid parasitoid species: Aphidius ervi and Aphidius microlophii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

F. Pennacchio ,
M.C. Digilio ,
E. Tremblay  and
A. Tranfaglia
F. Pennacchio*
Affiliation:
Dipartimeno di Biologia, Difesa e Biotecnologie Agro-Forestali, Universifà della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
M.C. Digilio
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Entomologia e Zoologia Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
E. Tremblay
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Entomologia e Zoologia Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
A. Tranfaglia
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Biologia, Difesa e Biotecnologie Agro-Forestali, Università della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
*
F. Pennacchio, Dipartimento di Biologia, Difesa e Biotecnologie Agro-Forestali, Università della Basilicata, Via N. Sauro, 85, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The host preference and acceptance behaviour of populations of Aphidius ervi Haliday and A. microlophii Pennacchio & Tremblay from southern Italy was investigated. In no host-choice conditions, A. ervi females showed significantly higher attack and oviposition rates on the natural host Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) than on the non-host aphid Microlophium carnosum (Buckton)(Homoptera: Aphididae). In contrast, A. microlophii, which specifically parasitizes M. carnosum in the field, attacked both aphid species. However, dissections showed that oviposition of A. microlophii occurred only in a few of the attacked Acyrthosiphon pisum and was significantly less frequent than in M. carnosum. These results were confirmed in experimental host-choice conditions, suggesting that Aphidius microlophii oviposition is possibly regulated by a host haemolymphatic kairomone. Hybrids obtained by crossing A. ervi females with A. microlophii males attacked and oviposited in both aphid species, suggesting that these behavioural events have a strong genetic basis. The oviposition into host or non-host aphids did not elicit an immune defence reaction. The presence of the host's food-plant had no evident close-range effects on parasitoid attack and oviposition in non-host aphids. Aphidius microlophii reared on the non-host aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum produced a significant higher number of mummies after a few generations, suggesting a possible role of larval and early adult conditioning in the host selection process. These results, together with those from previous studies, suggest that Aphidius ervi is best considered as a complex of differentiated populations, characterized by a varying degree of genetic divergence.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 84 , Issue 1 , March 1994 , pp. 57 - 64
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ankersmit, G.W., Acreman, T.M. & Dijkman, H. (1981) Parasitism of colour forms in Sitobion avenae Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 29, 362–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bai, B. (1991) Conspecific superparasitism in two parasitoid wasps, Aphidius ervi Haliday and Aphelinus asychis Walker reproductive strategies influence host discrimination. Canadian Entomologist 123, 1229–1237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bai, B. & MacKauer, M. (1991) Recognition and heterospecific parasitism: competition between aphidud (Aphidius ervi) and aphelinid (Aphelinus asychis) parasitoids of aphids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae; Aphehnidae). Journal of Insect Behavior 4, 333–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Battaglia, D., Pennacchio, F., Marincola, G. & Tranfaglia, A. (1993) Cornicle secretion of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)(Homoptera, Aphididae) as a contact kairomone for the parasitoid Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). European Journal of Entomology 90, 423–428.Google Scholar
Cameron, P.J., Powell, W. & Loxdale, H.D. (1984) Reservoirs for Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidudae), a polyphagous parasitoid of cereal aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 74, 647–656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carver, M. & Sullivan, D.J. (1988) Encapsulative defence reactions of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to insect parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidudae and Aphehnidae) pp 299–303in Niemeczyk, E. & Dixon, A.F.G. (Eds) Ecology and effectiveness of Aphidophaga The Hague, Academic Publishing.Google Scholar
Carver, M. & Woolcock, L.T. (1985) Interactions between Acyrthosiphon kondoi (Homoptera: Aphidoidea) and Aphelinus asychis (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) and other parasites and hosts. Entomophaga 30: 193–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chow, F.J. & MacKauer, M. (1992) The influence of prior ovipositional experience on host selection in four species of aphidud wasps (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Journal of Insect Behavior 5, 99–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloutier, C., Dohse, L.A. & Baudin, F. (1984) Host discrimination in the aphid parasitoid Aphidius nigripes Canadian Journal of Zoology 62, 1367–1372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Shazly, N.Z. (1972) Der Einfluss ausserer Factoren auf die hamocytare Abwehrreaktion von Neomyzus circumflexus (Buckt) (Homoptera: Aphididae) Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie 70, 414–436.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geden, G.J., Smith, L., Long, S.J. & Rutz, D.A. (1992) Rapid deterioration of searching behavior, host destruction, and fecundity of the parasitoid Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromahdae) in culture Annals of the Entomological Society of America 85, 179–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, D.C. (1961) The development of Monoctonus paludum Marshall (Hym.: Braconidae) in Nasonovia ribis nigri on lettuce and immunity reactions in other lettuce aphids. Bulletin of Entomological Research 52, 147–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guerrieri, E., Pennacchio, F. & Tremblay, E. (1993) Flight behaviour of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in response to plant and host volatiles. European Journal of Entomology 90, 415–421.Google Scholar
Hagvar, E.B. (1991) Host selection steps in the parasitoid Ephedrus cerasicola (Aphidiidae) with Myzus persicae as host pp 35–40in Polgar, L., Chambers, R.J., Dixon, A.F.G. & Hodek, I. (Eds) Behaviour and Impact of Aphidophaga. The Hague, Academic Publishing.Google Scholar
Hofsvang, T. (1988) Mechanisms of host discrimination and intraspecific competition in the aphid parasitoid Ephedrus cerasicola. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 48, 233–239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Immelmann, K. (1975) Ecological significance of imprinting and early learning. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 6, 15–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maccacaro, G.A. (1982) Analisi sequenziale. pp. 351–369in Lison, L. (Ed.) Statistica applicata alla biologia sperimentale. Milan, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana.Google Scholar
MacKauer, M. (1976) Genetic problems in the production of biological control agents. Annual Review of Entomology 21, 369–385CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacKauer, M.J.P. & Bisdee, H.E. (1965) Two simple devices for rearing aphids. Journal of Economic Entomology 58, 365–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Micha, S.G., Wellings, P.W. & Morton, R. (1992) Time-related rejection of parasitized hosts in the aphid parasitoid, Aphidius ervi. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 62, 155–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milne, W.M. (1991) Host-change in Aphidius ervi. pp. 51–59in Polgar, L., Chambers, R J, Dixon, A.F.G & Hodek, I. (Eds) Behaviour and impact of Aphidophaga The Hague, Academic Publishing.Google Scholar
Nemec, V. & Starý, P. (1983) Genetic polymorphism in Aphidius ervi Hal (Hym, Aphidudae), an aphid parasitoid on Microlophium carnosum (Bckt) Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 95, 345–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nemec, V. & Starý, P. (1985) Genetic diversity of the parasitoid Aphidius ervi on the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum in Czechoslovakia (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae; Homoptera, Aphididae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 82, 88–94.Google Scholar
Nicolis, F.B. (1978) Disegni sequenziali. pp. 417–438in Salvi, F. & Chiandotto, B (Eds) Biometria. Padua, Piccin Editore.Google Scholar
Pennacchio, F. (1988) Studio biosistematico delle specie italiane del genere Aphidius Nees (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Doctoral thesis, Università di Napoli.Google Scholar
Pennacchio, F. (1990). The Italian species of the genus Aphidius Nees (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria Filippo Silvestri 46, (1989), 75–106.Google Scholar
Pennacchio, F. & Tremblay, E. (1987) Biosystematic and morphological study of two Aphidius ervi Haliday ‘biotypes’ with the description of a new species. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria Filippo Silvestri 43, (1986), 105–117.Google Scholar
Powell, W. (1982) The identification of hymenopterous parasitoids attacking cereal aphids in Britain. Systematic Entomology 7, 465–473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, W. & Wright, A.F. (1988) The abilities of the aphid parasitoids Aphidius ervi Haliday and Aphidius rhopalosiphi De Stefani Perez (Hymenoptera Braconidae) to transfer between different known host species and the implications for the use of alternative hosts in pest control strategies. Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 683–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, W. & Wright, A.F. (1992) The influence of host food plants on host recognition by four aphidiine parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Bulletin of Entomological Research 81, 449–453.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, W. & Zhang, Z.L. (1983) The reactions of two cereal aphid parasitoids, Aphidius uzbeckistanicus and A. ervi to host aphids and their food plants Physiological Entomology 8, 439–443CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pungerl, N. (1984) Host preferences of Aphidius (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) populations parasitising pea and cereal aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 74, 153–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roush, R.T. (1990) Genetic variation in natural enemies: critical issues for colonization in biological control. pp. 263–288 in MacKauer, M., Ehler, L.E. & Roland, J. (Eds) Critical issues in biological control. Andover, UK, Intercept.Google Scholar
Sheehan, W. & Shelton, A.M. (1989) The role of experience in plant foraging by the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Journal of Insect Behavior 2, 743–759.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starý, P. (1973) A review of the Aphidius species (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) of Europe Annotationes Zoologicae et Botanicae 84, 1–85.Google Scholar
Starý, P. (1974) Population dynamics, parasitization, control and prognosis of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) in Czechoslovakia. Transactions Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Mathematics and Natural Sciences Series 84, 1–123.Google Scholar
Starý, P. (1978) Seasonal relations between lucerne, red clover, wheat and barley agro-ecosystems through the aphids and parasitoids (Homoptera, Aphididae; Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 75, 296–311.Google Scholar
Starý, P. (1981) Biosystematic synopsis of parasitoids on cereal aphids in the western Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae; Homoptera, Aphidoidea). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 78, 382–396.Google Scholar
Starý, P. (1983) The perennial stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) as a reservoir of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 80, 81–86.Google Scholar
Starý, P., Pospisil, J. & Nemec, V. (1985) Integration of olfactometry and electrophoresis in the analysis of aphid parasitoid biotypes (Hym., Aphididae) Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 99, 476–482.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tardieux, I. & Rabasse, J.M. (1990) Role of some epigenetic factors influencing the host suitability of Myzus persicae for the parasitoid Aphidius colemam. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 54, 73–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorpe, W.H. & Jones, F.G.W. (1937) Olfactory conditioning in a parasitic insect and its relation to the problem of host selection. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 124, 56–81Google Scholar
Tremblay, E. & Pennacchio, F. (1988) Speciation in aphidiine Hymenoptera. pp. 139–146in Gupta, V (Ed.) Advances in parasitic Hymenoptera research New York, Brill.Google Scholar
Unruh, T.R., White, W., Gonzalez, D., Gordh, G. & Luck, R.F. (1983) Heterozygosity and effective size in laboratory populations of Aphidius ervi (Hym.: Aphidiidae) Entomophaga 28, 245–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Unruh, T.R., White, W., Gonzalez, D. & Woolley, J.B. (1989) Genetic relationships among seventeen Aphidius (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) populations, including six species. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 82, 754–763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vet, L.E.M. (1983) Host-habitat location through olfactory cues by Leptopilina clavipes (Hartig) (Hym.: Eucoilidae) a parasitoid of fungivorous Drosophila the influence of conditioning. Netherland Journal of Zoology 33, 225–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vet, L.E.M. & Dicke, M. (1992) Ecology of infochemical use by natural enemies in a tritrophic context. Annual Review of Entomology 37, 141–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vet, L.E.M. & Groenewold, A.W. (1990) Semiochemicals and learning in parasitoids. Journal of Chemical Ecology 16, 3119–3135.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vinson, S.B. (1985) The behavior of parasitoids. pp. 417–469in Kerkut, G.A. & Gilbert, L.I. (Eds) Comprehensive insect physiology biochemistry and pharmacology, vol. 9. Oxford, Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Vinson, S.B., Barfield, C.S. & Henson, R.D. (1977) Oviposition behaviour of Bracon mellitor, a parasitoid of the boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis). II. Associative learning Physiological Entomology 2, 157–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wald, A. (1945) Sequential tests of statistical hypothesis. Annals of Mathematics and Statistics 16, 117–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar