Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vfjqv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T09:00:34.428Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mango phenology and fruit fly population dynamics in the transition zone of Ghana

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2022

Ernestina Narveh Awarikabey Open the ORCID record for Ernestina Narveh Awarikabey [Opens in a new window] ,
Jakpasu Victor Kofi Afun ,
Enoch Adjei Osekre  and
Maxwell Kelvin Billah
Ernestina Narveh Awarikabey*
Affiliation:
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Jakpasu Victor Kofi Afun
Affiliation:
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Enoch Adjei Osekre
Affiliation:
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Maxwell Kelvin Billah
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG. 67, Legon, Accra, Ghana
*
Author for correspondence: Ernestina Narveh Awarikabey, Email: enarveh@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Crop phenological studies are vital in the formulation of effective integrated pest management packages. A 2-year phenological study spanning 2017–2019 was conducted in eight mango orchards in the transition zone of Ghana, to determine the relationship between the aggregation of culprit fruit fly species and the phenology of the mango crop. A total of 160 shoots were tagged and observed weekly for the plant's developmental processes using the Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemische Industrie mango phenological scale as a guide. Fruit fly monitoring was conducted with two para pheromone attractants (methyl eugenol and terpinyl acetate) in 32 improvised traps. Host fruits sampled at colour break and ripe stages were incubated to identify culprit species. Significant infestation levels were assessed with one way analysis of variance. Three culprit species (Bactrocera dorsalis, Ceratitis cosyra and Ceratitis ditissima) emerged from incubated fruits. Co-infestation between B. dorsalis and C. cosyra was observed mostly at colour break. A residual population of B. dorsalis was observed throughout the crop cycle but peaked at the colour break phenological stage in May and early June, and dropped in August (at post-harvest). The interaction among fruit fly species, season, fruit source and phenological stage of the fruit was significant (P = 0.016). C. cosyra appeared at the beginning of anthesis, increased during flowering to fruit set and peaked in April when fruits were nearing maturity and green. It is therefore important that management practices are implemented throughout the phenological cycle of the crop but intensified from anthesis to post-harvest to reduce pest populations and damage.

Keywords

Co-infestationcolour breakculprit speciesfruit fliesmango phenology
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 113 , Issue 2 , April 2023 , pp. 169 - 179
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adzim, CA, Billah, MK and Afreh-Nuamah, K (2016) Abundance of African invader fly, Bactrocera invadens Drew, Tsuruta and White (Diptera: Tephritidae) and influence of weather parameters on trap catches in mango in the Volta region of Ghana. Springer Plus 5, 968.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aidoo, O, Kyerematen, R, Akotsen-Mensah, C and Afreh-Nuamah, K (2014) Effect of some climatic factors on insects associated with citrus agro-ecosystems in Ghana. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 5, 428–436.Google Scholar
Aluja, M and Mangan, RL (2008) Fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) host status determination: critical conceptual, methodological, and regulatory considerations. Annual Review of Entomology 53, 473–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bota, L, Fabião, B and De Meyer, M (2020) Fine-scale infestation pattern of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in a mango orchard in central Mozambique. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 40, 943–950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dambreville, A, Lauri, PE, Trottier, C, Guédon, Y and Normand, F (2013) Deciphering structural and temporal interplays during the architectural development of mango trees. Journal of Experimental Botany 64, 2467–2480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ekesi, S and Billah, MK (eds) (2007) A Field Guide to the Management of Economically Important Tephritid Fruit Flies in Africa, 2nd ed. Nairobi, Kenya: ICIPE Science Press, pp. H1–H-31.Google Scholar
Ekesi, S, Billah, MK, Nderitu, PW, Lux, SA and Rwomushana, I (2009) Evidence for competitive displacement of Ceratitis cosyra by the invasive fruit fly Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) on mango and mechanisms contributing to the displacement. Journal of Economic Entomology 102, 981–991.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ekesi, S, De Meyer, M, Mohamed, SA, Virgilio, M and Borgemeister, C (2016) Taxonomy, ecology, and management of native and exotic fruit fly species in Africa. Annual Review of Entomology 61, 219–238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fischer, G, Ramírez, F and Casierra-Posada, F (2016) Ecophysiological aspects of fruit crops in the era of climate change. A review. Agronomía Colombiana 34, 190–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaveh, E (2016) Postharvest losses in the mango, pineapple and citrus value chains in Ghana. March 2016 Technical Report. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24244.60806 (Accessed 29 March 2019).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hernández Delgado, PM, Aranguren, M, Reig, C, Fernández Galván, D, Mesejo, C, Martínez Fuentes, A, Galán Saúco, V and Agustí, M (2011) Phenological growth stages of mango (Mangifera indica L.) according to the BBCH scale. Scientia Horticulturae 130, 536–540.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA (2003) Thematic Plan for Fruit Fly Control Using the Sterile Insect Technique. Vienna, Austria: IAEA Publication, TP-NA-D4-02.Google Scholar
Knight, RJ, Campbell, RJ and Maguire, I (2009) Important mango cultivars and their descriptors. In Litz RE (ed.), The Mango: Botany, Production and Uses, 2nd ed. UK: CAB International, pp. 42–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komayire, D (2017) An assessment of current status, future trends and opportunities for improving mango production in Ghana. Acta Horticulturae 1183, 365–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maloba, S, Ambuko, J, Hutchinson, M and Willis, O (2017) Off-season flower induction in mango fruits using ethephon and potassium nitrate. Journal of Agricultural Science 9, 158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McQuate, G, Sylva, C and Liquido, N (2017) Natural field infestation of and by oriental fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). International Journal of Insect Science 9, 10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meier, U, Bleiholder, H, Buhr, L, Feller, C, Hack, H, Heß, M, Lancashire, P, Schnock, U, Stauß, R, Boom, T, Weber, E and Zwerger, P (2009) The BBCH system to coding the phenological growth stages of plants-history and publications. Journal für Kulturpflanzen 61, 41–52.Google Scholar
Nankinga, CM, Isabirye, BE, Muyinza, H, Rwomushana, I, Stevenson, PC, Mayamba, A, Aool, W and Akol, AM (2014) Fruit fly infestation in mango: a threat to the horticultural sector in Uganda. Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences 15, 1–14.Google Scholar
Nboyine, JA, Billah, MK and Afreh-Nuamah, K (2012) Species range of fruit flies associated with mango from three agro-ecological zones in Ghana. Journal of Applied Bioscience 5, 3696–3703.Google Scholar
Nboyine, J, Abudulai, M, Nutsugah, S and Benjamin, B (2013) Population dynamics of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) species associated with mango in the Guinea Savanna agro-ecological zone of Ghana. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, 450–454.Google Scholar
Núñez-Eliséa, R and Caldeira, ML (1988) Induction of flowering in mango (Mangifera indica L.) with ammonium nitrate sprays. Horticultural Science 23, 883.Google Scholar
Ramírez, F and Davenport, TL (2010) Mango (Mangifera indica L.) flowering physiology. Scientia Horticulturae 126, 65–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramírez, F, Davenport, T, Fischer, G, Pinzón, J and Ulrichs, C (2014) Mango trees have no distinct phenology: the case of mangoes in the tropics. Scientia Horticulturae 168, 258–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schnell, RJ and Knight, RJ (1998) Phenology of flowering among different mango cultivars. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 111, 320–321.Google Scholar
Souza, JMA, Sarita, L, Modesto, JH, Ferraz, RA and Gonçalves, BHL (2015) Phenological cycles, thermal time and growth curves of mango fruit cultivars in subtropical conditions. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 9, 100–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vayssières, JF, Korie, S and Ayegnon, D (2009) Correlation of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) infestation of major mango cultivars in Borgou (Benin) with abiotic and biotic factors and assessment of damage. Crop Protection 28, 477–488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vayssières, J-F, Adandonon, A, Sinzogan, A, Ayegnon, D, Ouagoussounon, I and Modjibou, S (2010) Main wild fruit trees of Guineo-Sudanian zones of Benin: inventory, period of production and losses due to fruit flies. Global Science Book 4, 42–46.Google Scholar
Vayssières, J-F, Sinzogan, AAC, Adandonon, A, Rey, J-Y, Dieng, E, Camara, K, Sangaré, M, Ouédraogo, S, N'klo, H, Sidibé, A, Keita, Y, Gogovor, G, Korie, S, Coulibaly, O, Kikissagbé, C, Tossou, A, Billah, M, Biney, K, Nobime, O and Tamo, M (2014) Annual population dynamics of mango fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in West Africa: socio-economic aspects, host phenology and implications for management. Fruits 69, 207–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Virgilio, M, White, I and De Meyer, M (2014) A set of multi-entry identification keys to African frugivorous flies (Diptera, Tephritidae). ZooKeys 428, 97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zida, I, Nacro, S, Dabiré, R and Somda, I (2020) Co-existence of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Ceratitis cosyra Walker (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the mango orchards in Western Burkina Faso. Advances in Entomology 8, 46–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar