Field and laboratory observations on the adults of Eurytoma amygdali End. at Newe Ya'ar, Israel, were made as a basis for improving control measures against this pest of almond fruits. After hatching from the pupa, the adults took 3–9 days to bore through the pericarp. Emergence usually began in March, but was delayed by cold weather in February and March. Males emerged earlier than females, and oviposition began the first or second day after emergence. Drilling and deposition of the egg into the nucellar tissue of the young fruits took 9–34 min, up to five eggs per fruit being laid under natural conditions. As oviposition sites, larger fruits were preferred to small, and uninfested fruits to infested. At 23 °C indoors fecundity and life span were 128·9 and 7–18 days, respectively, but outdoors under unsettled weather conditions were 23·0 and 4–25 days, respectively. When fed on honey dew or water instead of 10% honey, fewer eggs were laid. The lack of an oviposition site reduced the life span of the female.