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Population dynamics of rice leaffolders (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their natural enemies in irrigated rice in the Philippines

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

J. de Kraker ,
A. van Huis ,
K.L. Heong ,
J.C. van Lenteren  and
R. Rabbinge
J. de Kraker*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Theoretical Production Ecology, Wageningen Agricultural University, PO Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
A. van Huis
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
K.L. Heong
Affiliation:
International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
J.C. van Lenteren
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
R. Rabbinge
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Theoretical Production Ecology, Wageningen Agricultural University, PO Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
*
* Fax: +31 317 484892 E-mail: joop.dekraker@staff.tpe.wau.nl
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Abstract

Populations of rice leaffolders and their natural enemies were studied in eight crops of irrigated rice in Laguna Province, the Philippines. The rice leaffolder complex consisted of three species: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), Marasmia patnalis Bradley and M. exigua Butler. Leaffolder population dynamics were characterized by an egg peak at maximum tillering and a broad larval peak around booting stage. Peak densities ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 larvae per hill. Most larvae originated from immigrant moths and there was no substantial second generation. The seasonal percentage egg parasitism by Trichogramma sp. ranged from 0 to 27%, and percentage larval parasitism from 14 to 56%. The braconid Macrocentrus philippinensis Ashmead was the most commonly reared larval parasitoid. Forty natural enemy taxa that may attack rice leaffolders were identified from suction and sweepnet samples: 24 predator taxa and 16 parasitoid taxa. The estimated survival rates from leaffolder egg to larval stages and between larval stages showed large variation between rice crops, but were not clearly correlated with observed levels of parasitism, natural enemy abundance, or natural enemy to leaffolder ratios. It is suggested that the generally low densities of rice leaffolders in Philippine transplanted rice are caused by their ovipositional preference for crops at the maximum tillering stage, allowing for only one generation, and by high immature mortality caused by the abundant and diverse complex of natural enemies.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 89 , Issue 5 , May 1999 , pp. 411 - 421
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999

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