In dealing with this extremely interesting and valuable collection of Mosquito larvæ and pupae from Lagos, which we owe to the industry of that indefatigable collector and observer, Dr. W. M. Graham, I have endeavoured to give a practical and not too technical description of each species, and I have given illustrations of all tbe principal characters, and of some points of more general interest. If technicalities are indulged in, they are explained in the preliminary text, and in the plates. It has been my object to make it impossible for the careful worker to mistake any one of these larvæ for that of another species, but persons who have experience of such work, know the difficulty of arriving at such results without a knowledge of all known forms, and that knowledge I have no pretensions to possess.

To render the study of Mosquitoes practically useful to the sanitary officer, it should be made possible upon catching an adult mosquito anywhere, to say : this mosquito was bred in a water-butt, puddle, bamboo, empty tin, etc. It would thus be only necessary to find and destroy the breeding-place.

The highlands of Abyssinia are remarkably free from blood-sucking flies, if the Culicidæ, Stomoxys, and Hippoboscidæ are excepted.

The insect of which drawings are given here (PI. VIII, figs. 1 & 2) is one belonging to the genus Helopeltis (family Capsidæ), which contains a large number of extremely injurious species. The most important of these at present known is H. theivora, Westw., the “Tea Mosquito Blight” of India, which has rendered very large areas of tea-plantations in Northern India unproductive owing to the puncturing of the immature leaves. H. antonii, Sign., has been the cause of similar destruction to tea, cinchona and cocoa in Ceylon, but in the latter plant the puncturings are upon the pod and exactly similar to those produced, by the species now figured. Dr. Trimen referred to these in ‘Nature,” xxx. p. 634, 1884.

The following notes are based on a small collection of Coccidæ recently received by the Entomological Research Committee from Mr. C. C. Gowdey, the Government Entomologist in Uganda.

Closely allied to Ceratitis, MacLeay, and agreeing therewith in thoracic chætotaxy† and, venation : differing in general facies of body, in shape of scutellum, and in that of ovipositor, the first segment of which, instead of being flattened and truncate triangular in shape, is thickened and tubular, resembling that of Urophora.

♀.—Length (3 specimens) 15·6 to 16·5 mm.; width of head 6·25 to 6·5 mm.; width of front at vertex 2·5 mm.; length of wing 14·75 to 15 mm.

The silk derived from the cocoon-masses woven by the larvæ of Anaphe infracta, Wlsm., A. venata, Butl., A. moloneyi, Druce, and others of the same or an allied genus of the family Eupterotidæ, is utilised in the Haussa and Yoruba countries of Northern and Southern Nigeria for the manufacture of yarns, used in the embroidery of Haussa gowns in the former country and, in conjunction with cotton in the latter locality, for the production of the “ sanyan ” cloths.