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American Manufacturers and Foreign Markets, 1870–1900: Business Historians and the “New Economic Determinists”

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2012

William H. Becker
Affiliation:
Associate Professor of History, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Abstract

Recent diplomatic historians have explained much of American expansionism at the end of the nineteenth century as the product of domestic industrial overcapacity and the resulting need to seek foreign markets. Evidence of business behavior, however, indicates that overseas expansion and exports were not a very important avenue through which U.S. businessmen sought to control prices and output. Indeed, in most of the industries which did engage in significant foreign activities, their expansion was usually the result of genuine competitive advantages rather than a sign of economic ill health.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The President and Fellows of Harvard College 1973

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References

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Overproduction was a term commonly used by businessmen. It meant simply that they produced more than could be sold at prices which covered their costs and returned a profit. What businessmen meant by a “reasonable” profit varied from industry to industry and among businessmen within industries.

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