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Combination of protein-rich pea flour and pea extract with insecticides and enzyme inhibitors for control of stored-product beetles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Xingwei Hou ,
Paul Fields  and
Wes Taylor
Xingwei Hou
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Paul Fields*
Affiliation:
Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
Wes Taylor
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: pfields@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Protein-rich pea flour and its extract are toxic to stored-product beetles and, at a concentration of 0.1%, can control these insects in a granary. To reduce the concentration of protein-rich pea flour needed to control stored-product beetles, natural products or currently used grain protectants (diatomaceous earth, neem, Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner), malathion, and pyrethrum) were mixed with protein-rich pea flour in wheat. Mixtures were tested against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and the rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Neem and protein-rich pea flour acted synergistically against T. castaneum. Malathion and protein-rich pea flour acted synergistically against S. oryzae. Protein-rich pea flour combined with diatomaceous earth or pyrethrum acted additively against S. oryzae. All other combinations acted antagonistically. An extract from protein-rich pea flour reduced feeding of S. oryzae, and three enzyme inhibitors, piperonyl butoxide, profenofos, and diethyl maleate, were tested for their possible synergistic effects on feeding deterrence and mortality. Piperonyl butoxide and pea extract had additive effects, and diethyl maleate had no effect on the feeding and mortality of insects. Profenofos alone killed all insects in 3 days. The flour consumption of S. oryzae was positively correlated with LT50 (time to 50% mortality) in flour disks treated with pea extract.

Résumé

La farine de pois riche en protéines et l'extrait de pois sont toxiques pour les coléoptères ravageurs des produits entreposés et permettent, à une concentration de 0,1 %, de lutter efficacement contre ces insectes dans un grenier à céréales. Afin de réduire la concentration de farine de pois riche en protéines nécessaire pour réprimer les coléoptères ravageurs des produits entreposés, nous avons ajouté à de la farine de pois riche en protéines mêlée à du blé divers produits naturels ou d'autres substances servant couramment à protéger les céréales, soit de la terre de diatomées, du neem, des bactéries Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner), du malathion et de la poudre de pyrèthre. Nous avons évalué ces mélanges pour la lutte contre le charançon du riz, Sitoplilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), le tribolium rouge de la farine, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) et le cucujide roux, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Le neem et la farine de pois riche en protéines ont une action synergique contre T. castaneum. Le malathion et la farine de pois riche en protéines agissent en synergie contre S. oryzae. La farine de pois riche en protéines additionnée de terre de diatomées ou de poudre de pyrèthre a une action additive contre S. oryzae. Toutes les autres combinaisons ont une action antagoniste. Un extrait de farine de pois riche en protéines réduit l'alimentation de S. oryzae. Nous avons évalué les effets synergiques possibles de trois inhibiteurs d'enzymes, le butoxyde de pipéronyle, le profenofos et le maléate de dyéthyle, sur la réduction de l'alimentation et sur la mortalité. Le butoxyde de pipéronyle et l'extrait de pois ont des effets additifs, mais le maléate de diéthyle reste sans effet sur l'alimentation et la mortalité des insectes. Le profenofos seul cause la mort de tous les insectes en 3 jours. Il y a une corrélation positive entre la consommation de farine par S. oryzae et le LT50 (temps nécessaire pour que le taux de mortalité atteigne 50 %) sur des disques de farine traités à l'extrait de pois.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 136 , Issue 4 , August 2004 , pp. 581 - 590
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2004

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