Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-5g6vh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T01:21:17.263Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

LABORATORY AND FIELD STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL CONTROL OF THE CRUCIFER FLEA BEETLE, PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), ON CRUCIFEROUS CROPS IN ONTARIO12

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

G. B. Kinoshita ,
C. R. Harris ,
H. J. Svec  and
F. L. McEwen
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), is a pest of major economic importance on cruciferous crops in Canada. Laboratory and field tests were conducted to assess the effectiveness of insecticides which have been, or currently are used in Ontario, or which might have potential for its control. Twenty of 22 insecticides tested in the laboratory were toxic or moderately toxic by direct contact against adults. Carbofuran was 55 times and eight other insecticides 2.9 to 5.5 times more toxic than endosulfan. Of eight insecticides tested as soil treatments, diazinon, carbofuran, and dieldrin were most toxic to adults. All insecticides were less toxic in organic than in mineral soil. In field studies, concentrations of DDT and dieldrin typical of those found in mineral soils used for crucifer production in Ontario in the late 1960’s reduced crucifer flea beetle damage to radishes. As organochlorine insecticide residues decline a higher percentage of crucifer flea beetle population will survive necessitating greater emphasis on control. Two sprays of parathion, carbaryl, or endosulfan significantly reduced crucifer flea beetle damage to radishes in the early part of the growing season under moderate insect pressure. These control programs were less effective during warmer weather and(or) under severe crucifer flea beetle pressure. Soil applications of terbufos, carbofuran, and oxamyl protected cabbage grown in seed beds from attack. The latter was slightly phytotoxic. Planting–water treatments using azinphosmethyl, diazinon, and oxamyl protected cabbage transplants against early season crucifer flea beetle attack. On late cabbage, fensulfothion, azinphosmethyl, carbaryl, endosulfan, and chlorfenvinphos gave good protection.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 110 , Issue 8 , 01 August 1978 , pp. 795 - 803
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1978

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abbott, W. S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. econ. Ent. 18: 265–267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anonymous. 1974. Review of soil insects in Ontario, 1900-1973. Rep. Ontario Pesticides Advisory Committee, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto. 28 pp.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 1977. Vegetable production recommendations. Publ. 363, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Toronto. 68 pp.Google Scholar
Begg, J. A. 1952. Planting water treatments for the control of wireworms in tobacco. Ann. Rep. ent. Soc. Ont. 83: 54–57.Google Scholar
Burgess, L. 1977. Flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) attacking rape crops in the Canadian Prairie provinces. Can. Ent. 109: 21–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caesar, L. 1938. Insects attacking vegetables. Bull. Ont. Dep. Agric. 393.Google Scholar
Chittenden, F. H. and Marsh, H. O.. 1920. The western cabbage flea beetle. Bull. U.S. Dep. Agric. 902.Google Scholar
Dominick, C. B. 1957. Insecticides in transplant water for the prevention of tobacco flea beetle emergence. J. econ. Ent. 50: 292–293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dominick, C. B. 1962. Tests with insecticides applied to the soil and foliage for tobacco flea beetle control. J. econ. Ent. 55: 874–876.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dominick, C. B. 1967. Systemic insecticides applied to the soil for control of the tobacco flea beetle on tobacco. J. econ. Ent. 60: 1468–1469.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duncan, D. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11: 1–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finlayson, D. G. and Neilson, C. L.. 1954. Experiments on the insecticidal control of the tuber flea beetle, Epitrix tuberis Gent., in the interior of British Columbia. Can. J. agric. Sci. 34: 156–160.Google Scholar
Finlayson, D. G. et al. . 1972. Insecticides against tuber flea beetle on potatoes in British Columbia (Chrysomelidae:Coleoptera). J. ent. Soc. Br. Columb. 69: 9–12.Google Scholar
Finney, D. J. 1952. Probit analysis. A statistical treatment of the sigmoid response curve. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, England. 218 pp.Google Scholar
Gibson, A. 1914. The injurious flea beetles of the Province of Quebec. Queb. Soc. Prot. Pl. from Insects and Fungus Diseases. 6th A. Rep. 1913–1914.Google Scholar
Goble, H. W. 1965. Insects attacking agricultural crops and ornamental plants in Ontario in 1965. Proc. ent. Soc. Ont. 96: 5–6.Google Scholar
Harris, C. R. 1972. Factors influencing the effectiveness of soil insecticides. A. Rev. Ent. 17: 177–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, C. R. 1977. Insecticide resistance in soil insects attacking crops, pp. 321–351 in Watson, D. L. and Brown, A. W. A. [Eds.], Pesticide management and insecticide resistance. Academic Press, New York. 638 pp.Google Scholar
Harris, C. R. and Gore, F.. 1970. Laboratory tests on the contact toxicity of some insecticides to adults of the cabbage flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae. J. econ. Ent. 63: 1025–1026.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, C. R. and Mazurek, J. H.. 1966. Laboratory evaluation of candidate materials as potential soil insecticides. J. econ. Ent. 59: 1215–1221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, C. R. and Sans, W. W.. 1971. Insecticide residues in soils on 16 farms in southwestern Ontario — 1964, 1966, and 1969. Pestic. Monit. J. 5: 259–267.Google ScholarPubMed
Harris, C. R., Chapman, R. A., and Miles, J. R. W.. 1977. Insecticide residues in soils on fifteen farms in southwestern Ontario, 1964-1974. J. environ. Sci. Hlth B 12(3): 163–177.Google ScholarPubMed
Harris, C. R., Svec, H. J., and Sans, W. W.. 1971. Toxicological studies on cutworms. VII. Microplot field experiments on the effectiveness of four experimental insecticides applied as rye cover crop and soil treatments for control of the darksided cutworm. J. econ. Ent. 64: 493–496.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janes, M. J. 1941. Control of the flea beetle Phyllotreta vittata discedens Weise in the Texas Gulf Coast. J. econ. Ent. 34: 518–519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, K. M. and Forbes, A. R.. 1954. Control of root maggots in rutabagas. J. econ. Ent. 47: 607–615.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kring, J. B. 1956. Dieldrin and endrin for control of DDT-resistant potato flea beetles. J. econ. Ent. 49: 557–558.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacNay, C. G. 1958. Vegetable insects. Can. Insect Pest. Rev. 36: 232.Google Scholar
Mistric, W. J. Jr., and Smith, F. D.. 1973. Effect of dosage and formulation of carbaryl on tobacco flea beetle, tobacco budworm, and green peach aphid infestations on flue-cured tobacco. J. econ. Ent. 66: 1226–1228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ratcliffe, R. H., Ditman, L. P., and Whitlaw, J. T. Jr., 1961. Field experiments on insecticidal control of insect pests of cabbage and broccoli. J. econ. Ent. 54: 356–359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Westdal, P. H. and Romanow, W.. 1972. Observations on the biology of the flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Man. Ent. 6: 35–45.Google Scholar
Young, J. R. and Ditman, L. P.. 1959. The effectiveness of some insecticides on several vegetable crops. J. econ. Ent. 52: 477–481.CrossRefGoogle Scholar