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Potential distribution and relative abundance of an invasive cereal crop pest, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), in Canada1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

O. Olfert ,
R.M. Weiss ,
S. Woods ,
H. Philip  and
L. Dosdall
O. Olfert*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
R.M. Weiss
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
S. Woods
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
H. Philip
Affiliation:
British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Suite 200, 1690 Powick Road, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1X 7G5
L. Dosdall
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4–10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
*
2 Corresponding author (e-mail: olferto@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus L., is an invasive pest insect of small grain cereal crops, particularly oat, wheat, and barley. The first report of cereal leaf beetle populations in North America came from Michigan in 1962. Surveys indicate that populations have become established throughout eastern North America from Ontario to Alabama and in northwestern North America from Utah to southern British Columbia. The establishment of O. melanopus in western North America has raised concern that its presence is a potential risk to the Canadian cereal industry, especially in the prairie ecozone of western Canada, where up to 10 million hectares of cereal crops are grown annually. Field surveys to date have indicated that O. melanopus has not yet become established in this region. A CLIMEX™ model for O. melanopus in North America was developed, based on climate and ecological parameters, and validated with actual distribution records. The actual distribution of O. melanopus in eastern North America matched the predicted distribution well. The model predicts that, once introduced, O. melanopus would readily survive in the cereal-growing areas of western Canada and present a significant risk to cereal production. The potential for establishment of O. melanopus in the prairie ecozone of western Canada substantiates the efforts by regulatory agencies to prevent accidental introduction of this pest species.

Résumé

Le criocère des céréales, Oulema melanopus L., est un insecte envahissant, ravageur des récoltes des céréales à petits grains, particulièrement de l'avoine, du blé et de l'orge. Les premières populations du criocère des céréales en Amérique du Nord ont été signalées en 1962 au Michigan. Les inventaires révèlent que des populations se sont établies dans tout l'est de l'Amérique du Nord de l'Ontario à l'Alabama et dans le nord-ouest de l'Amérique du Nord depuis l'Utah jusqu'au sud de la Colombie-Britannique. L'établissement d'O. melanopus dans l'ouest de l'Amérique du Nord fait craindre que sa présence pose un risque à l'industrie céréalière canadienne, particulièrement dans l'écozone de prairie de l'ouest canadien où plus de 10 millions d'hectares de céréales sont cultivés chaque année. Les inventaires sur le terrain indiquent qu'O. melanopus n'est pas encore établie dans la région. Nous avons mis au point un modèle CLIMEXMD pour O. melanopus en Amérique du Nord, basé sur des données climatiques et écologiques, et nous l'avons validé à l'aide de données réelles de répartition géographique. La répartition actuelle d'O. melanopus dans l'est de l'Amérique du Nord s'accorde bien avec celle prédite par le modèle. Le modèle prédit qu'une fois introduit, O. melanopus survivra facilement dans les régions céréalières de l'ouest canadien et qu'il présente un risque significatif pour l'industrie des céréales. Le potentiel d'un établissement d'O. melanopus dans l'écozone de prairie de l'ouest canadien justifie les efforts faits par les agences de réglementation pour prévenir une introduction accidentelle de ce ravageur.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 136 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 277 - 287
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2004

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Footnotes

1

Contribution 1570 of the Saskatoon Research Centre.

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