The eggs of 18 species of cutworms of the subgenus Euxoa Hübner are described and a key for separating some of them has been constructed. Only in rare instances can species be identified from egg morphology alone, but the egg stage can usually be identified to the subgeneric level.

The salivary glands of female Culex pipiens L each consist of three lobes divisible into five regions. Fine structure indicates that two regions may be involved in solute-linked water transport and three regions may have a glandular function. The fine structure is similar to that reported for Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. In C. pipiens, an axon of presumed neurosecretory function was found associated with the neck region of the medial lobe.

Complete development of the salivary glands occurs between the first and fifth days of adulthood. Morphological changes associated with blood-feeding were limited to the presence or absence of the salivary secretions in the apical cavities and duct lumen. During blood-feeding the contents of two of the glandular regions are voided, being replenished within 24 h Results are related to previous histochemical studies of the salivary glands of mosquitoes.

Data on daily fecundity and survival are presented for the apterous and alate virginoparous morphs of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) reared on broadbean, Vicia faba (var. Exhibition Longpod), at 20 ± 1 °C. Alatae began to reproduce later, and produced fewer young over a longer period than did apterae, but lived no longer.

Reproductive patterns of A. pisum apterae from a number of other clones are compared, and the patterns of some other species are discussed in relation to A. pisum apterae and alatae.

The simulation of variability in temperature-dependent development is discussed. An algorithm for simulation of this variability is developed and validated under constant and variable temperature regimes for Anthonomus grandis, Trichoplusia ni, and Heliothis zea.

Apollophanes O. Pickard-Cambridge 1898 (= Pelloctanes Schick 1965, syn. n.) includes 10 species, namely, A. punctipes (O. Pickard-Cambridge) 1891 [= A. distinctus (O. Pickard-Cambridge) 1899, syn. n. = A. maculatipes (O. Pickard-Cambridge) 1893, syn. n. = A. arizonensis Gertsch 1933, syn. n. = A. mexicanus Gertsch 1933, syn. n. = A. similalis Gertsch 1933, syn. n.], A. texanus Banks 1904 [= A. francesca Lowrie and Gertsch 1955, syn. n.], A. longipes (O. Pickard-Cambridge) 1896, comb, n., A. margareta Lowrie and Gertsch 1955, A. caribaeus sp. n., A. punctatus (Bryant) 1948, comb, n., A. indistinctus Gertsch 1933, A crispus sp. n., A. erectus sp. n., and A. aztecanus sp. n. A. bryanti Gertsch 1933 and A. paraguensis Gertsch 1933 from South America are placed in the genus Cleocnemis Simon. Definitions, diagnoses, illustrations, range maps, and a key to species are provided.

The sequential mode of operation of the various valves and pumps in the foregut of the blowfly Phormia regina Meigen is described for the crop-emptying process. The results of the study are discussed in relation to the results of Gelperin, who showed that the rate of crop emptying was determined by the crop volume and the blood solute concentration. A mechanism by which synchronization of function may be achieved, based on the results of Nagai, and Thomson and Holling, is proposed, i.e. synchronization depends on the activity of stretch-sensitive muscle fibres.

The premating period in the parasitoid Priopoda nigricollis (Thos.) is about 2 days, and females are receptive for up to 4 days, after which time the oviducts contain mature eggs. Copulation behaviour in specially built chambers, and oviposition pattern are described. The structure of the ovaries is illustrated. Host feeding by adult P. nigricollis was observed, but it is not a prerequisite for initial egg maturation. Hosts are located by random stabbing with the ovipositor into the mines of Fenusa pusilla (Lep.). Data on the age-specific fecundity of this parasite in laboratory experiments are given. The importance of liberating mated parasite populations is emphasized for successful biological control.

Two-sample and four-sample methods of assessing insecticidal control efficacy are explored. Respective indices of survival and mortality including methods of constructing confidence intervals and minimizing bias are discussed. Procedures for determining the number of samples required for specified statistical limits are presented

Adult emergence of Simulium verecundum was reduced 75 to 100% by 0 001 to 0.1 ppm Altosid SR–10 at 25 ± 3 °C and 10 °C. No reduction in adult emergence was observed with 0.0001 ppm Altosid SR–10. 0.1 ppm of the granular R–20458 4–G reduced adult emergence 56 to 98% whereas 0.02 ppm was not effective. Exposure of black fly larvae to 0.1 ppm R–20458 4–G for 24 h gave a maximum of 50% reduction in adult emergence of those flies which had not pupated during the 24-h period.

Onthophagus nuchicornis (Linnaeus), an accidentally introduced dung beetle, is the only scarabaeine species encountered commonly in cattle dung in British Columbia. Its dung burial efficiency and its potential for inhibiting development of coprophagous fly larvae were measured in greenhouse experiments.

The beetles buried dung most efficiently when they were present in the ratio of one pair per 40–50 g of feces. Higher or lower rates of infestation resulted in reduced burial Survival of fly larvae was inversely related to the numbers of brood balls constructed by the beetles, and hence to the amount of dung buried. Beetle activity in the field probably has little harmful effect on the dung-breeding horn fly as the beetles cease burial activity before midsummer, when horn flies reach their greatest numbers, and as they do not bury significant amounts of dung in pastures.

The desirability and possibility of introducing exotic dung beetles into British Columbia for fly control is discussed.

The area of distribution of Thymelicus lineola (Ochs.) now includes much of agricultural Quebec. Several localized, low density populations were observed, especially south of the St. Lawrence River. Heavy infestations were found in the regions of Lac St-Jean, Joliette, and Abitibi–Témiscamingue.

Of nine treehopper species presented to the lizard, Anolis carolinensis, two were unpalatable. The basis for rejection of newly emerged adults of Umbonia crassicornis and Platycotis viltata appeared to be taste. As these adult insects matured the pronotum became highly sclerotized. Mature P. vittata lost their aposematic color and became palatable while U. crassicornis continued to be rejected. Both species brood their young and form large conspicuous aggregations.