Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-m9kch Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-22T02:02:36.132Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Li Li-san Line and the CCP in 1930 (Part I)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2009

Extract

It is the aim of this paper to examine the Chinese Communist movement in 1930 and in particular the policies which bore the name of Li Li-san. The Li Li-san “line” was essentially an attempt to use the rural based Red Army to gain an urban base for the Communist revolution in China. As such it marked a transitional period between the emphasis on urban uprisings of earlier years and complete withdrawal to the countryside after this period. Similarly it was a transitional period in the relations between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Communist International (CI), moving from the complete direction of the CCP from Moscow to the relative seclusion of the CCP in the 1930s.

Type
The Intellectuals (IV)
Copyright
Copyright © The China Quarterly 1963

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Figures are conflicting; see the translation in Survey of China Mainland Press (Hong Kong: U.S. Consulate-General) of Shih-shih Shou-ts'e, 06 25, 1954Google Scholar, for one version.

2 Brandt, Conrad, Schwartz, Benjamin and Fairbank, John K., A Documentary History of Chinese Communism (London: Allen & Unwin, Ltd., 1952), p. 143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

3 North, Robert C., KMT dnd Chinese Communist Elites (Stanford: Stanford Un. Press, 1952), p. 118.Google Scholar

4 United States Archives (Mukden: U.S. Consulate-General), 04 9, 1928.Google Scholar

5 North, Robert C., Moscow and Chinese Communists (Stanford: Stanford Un. Press, 1953), p. 131.Google Scholar

6 Schwartz, Benjamin, Chinese Communism and the Rise of Mao (Cambridge: Harvard Un. Press, 1951), p. 128.Google Scholar

7 Isaacs, Harold, The Tragedy of the Chinese Revolution (Stanford: Stanford Un. Press, 1951), p. 399.Google Scholar

8 Schwartz, , op. cit., p. 137.Google Scholar

9 Tse-tung, Mao, Selected Works (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1954), I, p. 122.Google Scholar

10 The above biographical material was taken from a variety of sources; Particularly Hsin-huang, Liu, Ch'ih-mo Ch'un Hsiang (Portraits of Red Leaders [Taipei: 1951])Google Scholar; Hsien Tai Shih Liao (Materials on Modern History) (Shanghai: Hai-t'ien Ch'u-pan she, 1933)Google Scholar; Ang, Li, Hung Se Wu Tai (The Red Stage) (Hong Kong: Sheng-Li Ch'u-pan she, 1941)Google Scholar; and Brandt, Conrad, “The French Influence on the CCP,” Hong Kong University Golden Jubilee Symposium, Hong Kong, 1962.Google Scholar

11 Pu-erh-sai-wei-k'o (Bolshevik), 05 10, 1931, p. 10.Google Scholar

12 Reizo, Otsuka, Shina Kyosan to shi (History of the CCP, Tokyo, Sei Katsu-sha, 1940), p. 3.Google Scholar

13 Ibid, for the former position and Tso-liang, Hsiao, Power Relations within the Chinese Communist Movement, 1930–34 (Seattle: Un. of Washington Press, 1961), p. 61.Google Scholar

14 Shao-yu, Ch'en, Liang T'iao Chan Hsien (The Two Battle Lines) (Wu-ch'ang chieh-chi shu-chu, 1931), p. 84.Google Scholar

15 Ken'ichi, Hatano, Shina kyosan to shi (Tokyo: Gaimusho Joho Bu, 1932), p. 490.Google Scholar

16 Yah-kang, Wan, The Rise of Communism in China, 1920–50 (Hong Kong: Chung-shu Publishing Co., 1952), p. 19.Google Scholar

17 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fairbank, , op. cit., p. 206.Google Scholar

18 Communism in Chinaz, Document A, 1932, p. 5.Google Scholar

19 Mif, Pavel, Heroic China (New York: Workers' Library Publishers, 1937), p. 67.Google Scholar

20 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fairbank, , op. cit., p. 206.Google Scholar

21 Liang-li, T'ang, Suppressing Communist Banditry in China (Shanghai: China United Press, 1934), p. 64.Google Scholar

22 Communism in China, Document A, p. 5.Google Scholar

23 Mif, Pavel, Heroic China, p. 67.Google Scholar

24 Tse-tung, Mao, Selected Works, I, p. 99.Google Scholar

25 Communism in China, pp. 1314.Google Scholar

26 Roy, M. N., Revolution and Counter-revolution in China (Calcutta: Renaissance Publishers, 1946), p. 620.Google Scholar

27 Tse-tung, Mao, Selected Works, Vol. 1, p 105.Google Scholar

28 Communism in China, p. 16.Google Scholar

29 The Communist (New York), X, No. 18, 01 1931, p. 85.Google Scholar

30 Hans Neumann, preface to The Armed Insurrection.

31 Roy, M. N., op. cit., p. 640.Google Scholar

32 Inprecor (International Press Correspondence, Moscow), 03 21, 1930, p. 267.Google Scholar

33 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fairbank, , op. cit., p. 190.Google Scholar

34 North, , Moscow and the Chinese Communists, p. 132.Google Scholar

35 Pu-erh-sai-wei-k'o, 05 15, 1930, p. 28.Google Scholar

36 Ibid. p. 29.

37 Brandt, Schwartz and Fairbank, ibid., p. 126.

38 Pu-erh-sai-wei-k'o, 05 10, 1931, p. 4.Google Scholar

39 Neumann, , op. cit.Google Scholar

40 Inprecor, X, 03 1930, p. 294.Google Scholar

41 Schwartz, , op. cit., p. 145.Google Scholar

42 Shao-yu, Ch'en, op. cit., p. 62.Google Scholar

43 Pu-erh-sai-wei-k'o, 05 10, 1931, p. 34.Google Scholar

44 Kara-Muiza, T., Strategia i taktika v natsionalno kolonialnoi revolutsii, na primere, kitaia (Moscow: 1934), p. 273.Google Scholar

45 Isaacs, , op. cit., p. 403.Google Scholar

46 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fairbank, , op. cit., p. 205Google Scholar

47 Kara-Murza, , op. cit., p. 284.Google Scholar

48 Schwartz, , op. cit., p. 145.Google Scholar

49 Inprecor, X, 03 1930, p. 267.Google Scholar

50 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fairbank, , op. cit., p. 197.Google Scholar

51 Inprecor, X, 04 10, 1930, p. 348.Google Scholar

52 Smedley, Agnes, The Great Road (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1956), p. 274.Google Scholar

53 Neumann, Hans, op. cit., p. 33.Google Scholar

54 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fairbank, , op. cit., p. 191.Google Scholar

55 Snow, Edgar, Red Star Over China (New York: Random House, 1938), pp. 152–3.Google Scholar

56 Smedley, Agnes, The Great Road, p. 252.Google Scholar

57 Kuang, Li, Chung Kuo Hsin Chun Tui (China's New Army) (Soviet Union: 1936), p. 83.Google Scholar

58 Inprecor, X, p. 509.Google Scholar

59 Ibid., X, September 18, 1930, p. 907.

60 Hatano, , op. cit., p. 509.Google Scholar

61 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fairbank, , op. cit., p. 191.Google Scholar

62 Shao-yü, Ch'en, op. cit., p. 19.Google Scholar

63 Snow, Edgar, Random Notes on Red China (Cambridge: Harvard Un. Press, 1957), p. 16.Google Scholar

64 Manuilsky, Dmitri, The Communist Parties and the Crisis of Capitalism (Moscow: 1931), p. 58.Google Scholar

66 Pu-erh-sai-wei-k'o, 05 10, 1936, p. 6.Google Scholar

67 Yakhontof, V. A., Russia and the Soviet Union in the Far East (New York: Coward-McCann, 1931), p. 422.Google Scholar

68 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fail-bank, , op. cit., pp. 194195.Google Scholar

69 Pu-erh-sai-wei-k'o, 05 15, 1930.Google Scholar

70 Kara-Murza, , op. cit., p. 285.Google Scholar

71 Brandt, , Schwartz, and Fairbank, , op. cit., p. 189.Google Scholar