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Effective removal of hexavalent chromium with magnetically reduced graphene oxide bentonite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 February 2023

Shoufa Cao ,
Jingmao Guo ,
Jianchao Ma Open the ORCID record for Jianchao Ma [Opens in a new window] ,
Enqing Chen ,
Jin Pang ,
Siyu Zhang ,
Haidong Hao ,
Danlei Wu  and
Shaobin Wang
Shoufa Cao
Affiliation:
College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P.R. China
Jingmao Guo
Affiliation:
College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P.R. China
Jianchao Ma*
Affiliation:
College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P.R. China
Enqing Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Architectue,Lüliang University, Lüliang, 033001, Shanxi, P.R. China
Jin Pang
Affiliation:
College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P.R. China
Siyu Zhang
Affiliation:
College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P.R. China
Haidong Hao
Affiliation:
College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P.R. China
Danlei Wu
Affiliation:
College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P.R. China
Shaobin Wang
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
*
*E-mail: majianchao@tyut.edu.cn
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Abstract

Water pollution by hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is widespread and problematic. As a result, more research into economic Cr(VI) removal is needed. In this study, we created and employed an adsorption–reduction mechanism to remove Cr(VI). Magnetically reduced graphene oxide bentonite (MrGO-BT) is acid resistant and can undergo magnetic separation. The hydroxyl group of chitosan (CS) condensed with the functional groups on the surface of bentonite (BT), and the MrGO-BT sandwich has been fabricated and constructed from an Fe3O4 core layer sandwiched by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and a BT shell, with CS acting as a crosslinker. Cr(VI) elimination by MrGO-BT was exothermic and spontaneous according to thermodynamic analyses. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were characterized by the pseudo-second order kinetic theory and the Langmuir model, respectively. Regarding the elimination of Cr(VI), the greatest adsorption ability for Cr(VI) elimination achieved was 91.5 mg g–1. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested that Cr(VI) was reduced by C–O–H on MrGO-BT to produce Cr(III) and H–C=O, and that Cr(III) chelated with amino groups or exchanged with BT after intercalation. In addition, the introduction of Cu2+ increased the positive charge of MrGO-BT and amplified the electrostatic interaction between Cr2O72− and HCrO4–, which is what caused Cr(VI) to be eliminated. Cu2+ and reduced Cr(III) combined with -NH2 on the surface of MrGO-BT to form -NH-Cr(III) or -NH-Cu2+, and Cr(VI) elimination via chelation and ion exchange was confirmed. MrGO-BT is shown to be an adsorbent with high acid resistance and good magnetic responsiveness and stability.

Keywords

bentoniteCr(VI) removalmagnetically reduced graphene oxidereduction of Cr(VI)
Type
Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 58 , Issue 1 , March 2023 , pp. 7 - 18
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Chun Hui Zhou

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