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Microstructural and porosimetry analysis of Ag-TiO2 intercalated kaolin and diatomite as nanocomposite ceramic materials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 January 2019

Emmanuel Ajenifuja ,
Abimbola P.I. Popoola ,
Kabir O. Oyedotun  and
Olawale Popoola
Emmanuel Ajenifuja*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa Center for Energy and Electric Power, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
Abimbola P.I. Popoola
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
Kabir O. Oyedotun
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Olawale Popoola
Affiliation:
Center for Energy and Electric Power, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
*
*E-mail: ajenifujae@tut.ac.za
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Abstract

Kaolin and diatomite are abundant and widely available geological materials that may immobilize or stabilize functional chemical species on their surfaces for various applications. Acid-treated kaolin and diatomite were intercalated with photocatalyst Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles using the sol–gel technique to prepare nanocomposite ceramic materials. The nanocomposites were sintered between 900°C and 1000°C to induce thermal reactions and to enhance nanoparticle–substrate attachment. Chemical and thermal characterizations of the acid-treated materials and intercalated nanocomposites were performed with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET)-specific surface area and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed for physical and microstructural characterization of the nanocomposites, respectively. Morphological studies revealed a uniform distribution of Ag-TiO2 nanocrystallites in pores and on mineral particle surfaces. The BET analysis showed remarkable surface and grain modification by sintering. Decreases in the BET-specific surface area were observed for the sintered ceramic nanocomposite, Ag-TiO2-kaolin (20.244 to 5.446 m2/g) and Ag-TiO2-diatomite (19.582 to 10.148 m2/g).

Keywords

kaolindiatomiteBET-specific surface areasol–gelceramicsadsorbents
Type
Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 53 , Issue 4 , December 2018 , pp. 665 - 674
Copyright
Copyright © Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2018 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: M. Pospišíl

References

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