Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-5nwft Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-21T06:43:47.862Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Adsorption of Chlorinated Phenols from Aqueous Solution By Surfactant-Modified Pillared Clays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Laurent J. Michot  and
Thomas J. Pinnavaia
Laurent J. Michot
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824
Thomas J. Pinnavaia
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

New pillared clay-based adsorbents have been prepared by incorporating a nonionic surfactant of general formula C12–14H25–29O(CH2CH2O)5H (commercial name, Tergitol 15S-5), during the synthesis of the aluminum hydroxide pillaring reagent. Different loadings of surfactant have been examined. The presence of the surfactant enhanced the adsorption capacity of the clay toward 3-monochlorophenol from aqueous solution. On the basis of adsorption results for a series of clays with increasing surfactant loadings, the best adsorbent was obtained at a surfactant loading of 255 mg/g of clay. At this loading, the surfactant occupies the micropores, as well as the mesopores and the external surfaces of the pillared clay. Analysis of the adsorption isotherms for 3-monochlorophenol, 3,5-dichlorophenol, 3,4,5-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol at different pH shows that the most energetic adsorption sites are the surfactant-occupied micropores between pillars. Additional binding of chlorinated phenols occurs at surfactant sites on external surfaces and mesopores. Upon calcination at 500°C, the clay is converted to a conventional alumina-pillared clay with a basal spacing near 16 Å. This calcined product can be reused as an adsorbent for chlorinated phenols by readsorbing fresh surfactant. The recycled adsorbent exhibits performance properties comparable to the original adsorbent. These results demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing a surfactant-modified pillared clay as a recyclable adsorbent and combustion catalyst for environmental pollutants.

Keywords

AdsorptionAlumina-pillared clayChlorinated phenolsTergitol
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 39 , Issue 6 , December 1991 , pp. 634 - 641
Copyright
Copyright © 1991, The Clay Minerals Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bottero, J. Y., Axelos, M. A. V. Tchoubar, D., Cases, J. M., Fripiat, J. J. and Fiessinger, F., 1987 Mechanism of formation of aluminum trihydroxide from Keggin Al13 polymers J. Coll. Interface Sci. 117 47 – 57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, S. A., Mikeseil, M. and Sawhney, B. L., 1989 Reactions of chlorophenols in soils Reactions and Movements of Organic Chemicals in Soils Madison, Wisconsin Soil Science Soc. Amer. Spec. Pub. 209 – 228.Google Scholar
Boyd, S. A. and Mortland, M. M., 1985 Manipulating the activities of immobilized enzymes with different organicsmectite complexes Experientia 41 1564 – 1566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, S. A. and Mortland, M. M., 1986 Selective effects of smectite-organic complexes on the activities of immobilized enzymes J. Mol. Catalysis 34 1 – 8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, S. A., Shaobai, S., Lee, J. F. and Mortland, M. M., 1988 Pentachlorophenol sorption by organo-clays Clays & Clay Minerals 36 125 – 130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cases, J. M., 1979 Adsorption des tensio-actifs à l’interface solide-liquide: Thermodynamique et influence de l’hétéro-généité des adsorbants Bull. Mineral. 102 684 – 707.Google Scholar
Cases, J. M. and Mutaftshiev, B., 1968 Adsorption et condensation des chlorhydrates d’alkylamines à l’interface solide-liquide Surf. Sci. 9 57 – 72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P. and Vigers, C. A., 1982 Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants J. Water Pollution Control Fed. 54 292 – 297.Google Scholar
Chiou, C. T., Peters, L. J. and Freed, V.H., 1979 A physical concept of soil-water equilibria for non-ionic compounds Science 213 684 – 685.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chiou, C. T., Porter, P. E. and Schmedding, D. W., 1983 Partition equilibria of non-ionic organic compounds between soil organic matter and water Environ. Sci. Technol. 17 227 – 231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahey, D. R., Williams, K. A., Harris, R. J. and Stapp, P. R., 1989 Preparation of pillared clay: U.S. Patent 4 845 066 .Google Scholar
Garwood, G. A., Mortland, M. M. and Pinnavaia, T. J., 1983 Immobilization of glucose oxidase on montmorillonite clay: Hydrophobic and ionic modes of binding J. Mol. Catalysis 22 153 – 163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guymont, F. J. (1980) in Activated Carbon Adsorption of Organics from the Aqueous Phase Vol. 2, Suffet, I. H. and McGuire, M. J., eds. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ch. 23.Google Scholar
Landau, S. D., 1984 Physical and catalytic properties of hydroxy-metal interlayered smectite minerals Michigan Ph.D. thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing.Google Scholar
McBride, M. B., Pinnavaia, T. J. and Mortland, M. M., 1977 Adsorption of aromatic molecules by clays in aqueous suspension Adv. Environ. Sci. Technol. 8 145 – 154.Google Scholar
Mortland, M. M., 1970 Clay-organic complexes and interactions Adv. Agron. 22 75 – 117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mortland, M. M., Huang, P. M. and Schnitzer, M., 1986 Mechanisms of adsorption of non-humic organic species by clays Intercations of Soil Minerals with Natural Organics and Microbes Madison, Wisconsin Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. 59 – 76.Google Scholar
Mortland, M. M., Shaobai, S. and Boyd, S. A., 1986 Clayorganic complexes as adsorbents for phenol and chlorophenol Clays & Clay Minerals 34 581 – 585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rakotonarivo, E., Bottero, J. Y., Thomas, F., Poirier, J. E. and Cases, J. M., 1988 Electrochemical modelling of freshly precipitated aluminum hydroxide-electrolyte interface Colloids and Surfaces 33 191 – 207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Srinivasan, K. R. and Fogler, S. H., 1990 Use of inorganoorgano-clays in the removal of priority pollutants from industrial wastewaters: Structural aspects Clays & Clay Minerals 38 277 – 286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Srinivasan, K. R. and Fogler, S. H., 1990 Use of inorganoorgano-clays in the removal of priority pollutants from industrial wastewaters: Adsorption of benzo(a)pyrene and chlorophenols from aqueous solutions Clays & Clay Minerals 38 287 – 293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suffet, I. H. and McGuire, M. J., 1980 Activated Carbon Adsorption of Organics from the Aqueous Phase Michigan Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Theng, B. K. G., 1974 The Chemistry of Clay-Organic Reactions New York Wiley.Google Scholar
Wolf, T. A., Demirel, T. and Baumann, R. E., 1986 Adsorption of organic pollutants on montmorillonite treated with amines J. Water Pollution Control Fed. 58 68 – 76.Google Scholar
Zielke, R. C. and Pinnavaia, T. J., 1988 Modified clays for the adsorption of environmental toxicants: Binding of chlorophenols to pillared, delaminated, and hydroxy-interlayered smectites Clays & Clay Minerals 36 403 – 408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar