Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T17:51:09.458Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dissolution Process of Phlogopite in Acid Solutions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Yoshihiro Kuwahara  and
Yoshikazu Aoki
Yoshihiro Kuwahara
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan
Yoshikazu Aoki
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The alteration experiments of phlogopite with 0.01 N HCl solution containing 0.1 M NaCl at 50°, 80° and 120°C have been carried out to aid in the understanding of the dissolution process of mica and the formation of secondary phases such as vermiculite and interstratified mica/vermiculite. Twenty milligrams of phlogopite samples were suspended in 20 ml or 100 ml of leaching solution.

In these experiments, the dissolution ofphlogopite occurred incongruently, where the preferential release of K occurred in almost all stages of the alteration reaction. In the 100 ml experiments, the priority in dissolution in the initial stage was in the order; K > Fe > Mg, Al > Si. This supports that phlogopite leaching is controlled by the mineral structure. At 80° and 50°C in the 20 ml experiments, the release of all elements except for K was nearly congruent. At 120°C in the 20 ml experiments, the dissolution was outwardly incongruent, which Fe decreased remarkably after six days and Al was released most slowly compared with all other elements in phlogopite. This is probably due to the precipitation of secondary phases such as aluminum and iron oxides and/or hydroxides.

Vermiculite and R1-type interstratified mica/vermiculite, containing 70 ∼ 50% mica, were formed in the alteration process of phlogopite. The following two processes were confirmed for the formation of interstratified structure: Interstratified structure was formed (1) directly from phlogopite or (2) from vermiculite which was produced earlier from phlogopite by regaining of K from the ambient solution. It may depend on the release rate of K from phlogopite whether mica-vermiculite layer sequences develop or vermiculite-vermiculite sequences do.

Keywords

AlterationBiotiteDissolutionInterstratificationLeached layerMica/vermiculitePhlogopiteTransmission electron microscopyVermiculite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 43 , Issue 1 , February 1995 , pp. 39 - 50
Copyright
Copyright © 1995, The Clay Minerals Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Banfield, J. F., and Eggleton, R. A., 1988. Transmission electron microscope study of biotite weathering. Clays & Clay Miner. 36: 47–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barshad, I., 1948. Vermiculite and its relation to biotite as revealed by base exchange reactions, X-ray analyses, differential thermal curves and water content. Amer. Miner. 33: 665–678.Google Scholar
Boettcher, A. L., 1966. Vermiculite, hydrobiotite, and biotite in the Rainy Creek igneous complex near Libby, Montana. Clay Miner. 6: 283–296.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brindley, G. W., Zalba, P. E., and Bethke, C. M. 1983 . Hydrobiotite, a regular 1: 1 interstratification of biotite and vermiculite layers. Amer. Miner. 68: 420–425.Google Scholar
Casey, W. H., and Bunker, B. Leaching of mineral and glass surfaces during dissolution. In Mineral-Water Interface Geochemistry, Reviews in Mineralogy, Vol. 23. Hochella, M. F. Jr. and White, A. F., 1990 eds. Mineralogical Society of America, 397–426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoda, S. N., and Hood, W. C. 1972 . Laboratory alteration of trioctahedral micas. Clays & Clay Miner. 20: 343–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inoue, A., Shimizu, I., and Minato, H. 1981 . Mass transfer during alteration of phlogopite in calcium-bearing acid aqueous solution. Clay Sci. 5: 283–297.Google Scholar
Leonard, R. A., and Weed, S. B. 1970 . Mica weathering rates as related to mica type and composition. Clays & Clay Miner. 18: 187–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marcks, C. H., Wachsmuth, H., and Reichenbach, H. G. V. 1989 . Preparation of vermiculites for HRTEM. Clay Miner. 24: 23–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mortland, M. M., 1958. Kinetics of potassium release from biotite. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 22: 503–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagasawa, K., Brown, G., and Newman, A. C. D. 1974 . Artificial alteration of biotite into a 14 Å layer silicate with hydroxy-aluminum interlayers. Clays & Clay Miner. 22: 241–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakamuta, Y., Shimada, N., and Aoki, Y. 1991 . Analysis of X-ray powder diffraction peak profiles of optically anomalous cassiterite by profile fitting method. Advances in X-ray Chem. Anal. Japan 22: 243–252 (in Japanese).Google Scholar
Norrish, K., 1973. Factors in the weathering of mica to vermiculite. In Proc. Int. Clay Conf., Madrid, 1972. Serratosa, J. M., ed. Madrid: Div. Ciencias C. S. I. C., 417–432.Google Scholar
Rausell-Colom, J., Sweatman, T. R., Wells, C. B., and Norrish, K. 1965 . Studies in the artificial weathering of micas. Experimental Pedology, Proc. 11th. School Agric., Nottingham, 40–72.Google Scholar
Reed, M. G., and Scott, A. D. 1962 . Kinetics of potassium release from biotite and muscovite in sodium tetraphenylboron solutions. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 26: 437–440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reichenbach, H. G. V., Wachsmuth, H., and Marcks, C. 1988 . Observations at the mica-vermiculite interface with HRTEM. Colloid Polym. Sci. 266: 652–656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rhcades, J. D., and Coleman, N. T. 1967 . Interstratification in vermiculite and biotite produced by potassium sorption. I. Evaluation by simple X-ray diffraction pattern inspection. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 31: 366–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, G. J., 1967. Kinetics of dissolution of an orthochlorite minerai. Canad. J. Chem. 45: 3031–3034.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sawhney, B. L., 1969. Regularity of interstratification as affected by charge density in layer silicates. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 33: 42–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schnitzer, M., and Kodama, H. 1976 . The dissolution of micas by fulvic acid. Geoderma 15: 381–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schott, J., Berner, R. A., and Sjöberg, E. L. 1981 . Mechanism of pyroxene and amphibole weathering. I. Experimental studies of iron-free minerals. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 45: 2123–2135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schott, J., and Petit, J. C. New evidence for the mechanisms of dissolution of silicate minerals. In Aquatic Surface Chemistry. Stumm, W., 1987 ed. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 293–315.Google Scholar
Tsuzuki, Y., 1985. Thermodynamics and kinetics of weathering and hydrothermal alteration. Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan 91: 699–718 (in Japanese).Google Scholar
Tsuzuki, Y., Kadota, S., and Takashima, I. 1985 . Dissolution process of albite and albite glass in acid solutions at 47°C. Chem. Geol. 49: 127–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vali, H., and Köster, H. M. 1986 . Expanding behaviour, structural disorder, regular and random irregular interstratification of 2: 1 layer-silicates studied by high-resolution images of transmission electron microscopy. Clay Miner. 21: 827–859.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, G. F., 1949. The decomposition of biotite in the soil. Mineral. Mag. 28: 693–703.Google Scholar
Wilson, M. J., 1966. The weathering of biotite in some Aberdeenshire soils. Mineral. Mag. 35: 1080–1093.Google Scholar
Wilson, M. J., 1970. A study of weathering in a soil derived from a biotite-hornblende rock. I. Weathering of biotite. Clay Miner. 8, 291–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar