Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T15:27:25.490Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dynamics of the Formation of the Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2016

Amihai Silverman ,
Joan Adler  and
Rafi Kalish
Amihai Silverman
Affiliation:
Computer and Information Systems Division, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000 , Israel
Joan Adler*
Affiliation:
Physics Department, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000Israel
Rafi Kalish
Affiliation:
Physics Department, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000Israel Solid State Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000Israel
*
*Corresponding author. Email addresses:amihai@tx.technion.ac.il (A. Silverman), phr76ja@tx.technion.ac.il (J. Adler), kalish@si.technion.ac.il (R. Kalish)
Get access

Abstract

We present results of simulations of the energetics and dynamics involved in the realization of the NV (nitrogen-vacancy) center in diamond. We use the self-consistent charge-density functional tight-binding approximation and show that when the nitrogen resides on a single substitutional site, it fails to attract a vacancy, hence no NV center can be formed. However, if it occupies a split interstitial site and two vacancies reside on the second or third neighbor sites, an NV center will form following annealing at temperatures as low as 300°C and 650°C, respectively. These results provide guidelines to experimentalists on how to increase the efficiency of NV formation in diamond.

Keywords

NV centerdiamondirradiation effects in solidscomputer modeling and simulationscolor centers crystal defectsdisordered solids
Type
Research Article
Information
Communications in Computational Physics , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , February 2016 , pp. 380 - 392
Copyright
Copyright © Global-Science Press 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1]Awschalom, D. D., Epstein, R., and Hanson, R., Scientific American 297(4), 84 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[2]Kalish, R., in MRS bulletin, Vol. 38, edited by Acosta, V. and Hemmer, P. (2013).Google Scholar
[3]Kalish, R., Nucl. Instr. Methods B 272, 42 (2012).Google Scholar
[4]Kalish, R., Ion implantation in diamond for quantum information processing: doping and damaging, in Quantum information processing with diamond principles and applications, Vol. 63, edited by Prawer, S. and Aharonovch, I. (WPEO, 2014) Chap. 3.Google Scholar
[5]Botsoa, J., Sauvage, T., Adam, M.-P., Desgardin, P., Leoni, E., Courtois, B., Treussart, F., and Barthe, M.-F., Phys. Rev. B 84, 125209 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6]Collins, A. T. and Kiflawi, I. J., J. Phys. Condens. Matter 21, 364209 (2009).Google Scholar
[7]Davies, G., Nature 269, 498 (1977).Google Scholar
[8]Rabeau, J. R., Reichart, P., Tamanyan, G., Jamieson, D. N., Prawer, S., Jelezko, F., Gaebel, T., Popa, I., Domhan, M., and Wrachtrup, J., Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 023113 (2006).Google Scholar
[9]Pezzagna, S., Naydenov, B., Jelezko, F., Wrachtrup, J., and Meijer, J., New J. Phys. 12, 065017 (2010).Google Scholar
[10]Acosta, V. M., Bauch, E., Ledbetter, M. P., Santori, C., Fu, K.-M.C., Barclay, P.E., Beausoleil, R.G., Linget, H., Roch, J.F., Treussart, F., Chemerisov, S., Gawlik, W., and Budker, D., Phys. Rev. B 80, 115202 (2009).Google Scholar
[11]Mainwood, A., Phys. Rev. B 49, 7934 (1994).Google Scholar
[12]Luszczek, M., Laskowski, R., and Horodecki, P., Physica B 348, 292 (2004).Google Scholar
[13]Doherty, M., Hossain, F., and Hollenberg, L., Physics Procedia 3, 1525 (2010).Google Scholar
[14]Goss, J. P., Coomer, B. J., Jones, R., Shaw, T. D., Briddon, P. R., Rayson, M., and Oberg, S., Phys. Rev. B 63, 195208 (2001).Google Scholar
[15]Davies, G., Lawson, S. C., Collins, A. T., Mainwood, A., and Sharp, S. J., Phys. Rev. B 46, 13157 (1992).Google Scholar
[16]Kiflawi, I., Mainwood, A., Kanda, H., and Fisher, D., Phys. Rev. B 54, 16719 (1996).Google Scholar
[17]Dek, P., Aradi, B., Kaviani, M., Frauenheim, T., and Gali, A., Phys. Rev. B 89, 75203 (2014).Google Scholar
[18]Kovalenko, A., Petrkov, V., Ashcheulov, P., Zli, S., Nesldek, M., Kraus, I., and Kratochvlov, I., Physica Status Solidi (A) 209, 1769 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[19]Goss, J. P., Briddon, P. R., Papagiannidis, S., and Jones, R., Phys. Rev. B 70, 235208 (2004).Google Scholar
[20]Jones, R., Ewels, C., Goss, J., Miro, J., Deak, P., Oberg, S., and Rasmussen, F. B., Semlcond. Sci. Technol. 9, 2145 (1994).Google Scholar
[21]Karoui, F. S. and Karoui, A., J. Appl. Phys. 108, 033513 (2010).Google Scholar
[22]Goss, J. P., Hahn, I., Jones, R., Briddon, P. R., and Oberg, S., Phys. Rev. B 67, 045206 (2003).Google Scholar
[23]Naydenov, B., Reinhard, F., Lammle, A., Richter, V., Kalish, R., D'Haenens-Johansson, U. F. S., Newton, M., Jelezko, F., and Wrachtrup, J., Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 242511 (2010).Google Scholar
[24]Schwartz, J., Aloni, S., Ogletree, D. F., and Schenkel, T., New J. Phys. 14, 043024 (2012).Google Scholar
[25]Gali, A., Fyta, M., and Kaxiras, E., Phys. Rev. B 77, 155206 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[26]Saada, D., Adler, J., and Kalish, R., Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 09, 61 (1998).Google Scholar
[27]Silverman, A., Adler, J., and Kalish, R., Phys. Rev. B 83, 224206 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[28]Fairchild, B. A., Olivero, P., Rubanov, S., Greentree, A. D., Waldermann, F., Taylor, R. A., Walmsley, I., Smith, J. M., Huntington, S., Gibson, B. C., Jamieson, D. N., and Prawer, S., Adv. Mater. 20, 4793 (2008).Google Scholar
[29]Porezag, D., Frauenheim, T., Kohler, T., Seifert, G., and Kaschner, R., Phys. Rev. B 51, 12947 (1995).Google Scholar
[30]Elstner, M., Porezag, D., Jungnickel, G., Elsner, J., Haugk, M., Frauenheim, T., Suhai, S., and Seifert, G., Phys. Rev. B 58, 7260 (1998), http://www.dftb-plus.info.Google Scholar
[31]Koehler, C. and Frauenheim, T., Surf. Sci. 600, 453 (2006).Google Scholar
[32]Bradac, C., Gaebel, T., Naidoo, N., Sellars, M. J., Twamley, J., Brown, L. J., Barnard, A. S., Plakhotnik, T., Zvyagin, A. V., and Rabeau, J. R., Nature Nanotechnology 5, 345 (2010).Google Scholar
[33]Adler, J., Koenka, Y., and Silverman, A., Physics Procedia 15, 7 (2011).Google Scholar
[34]Peled, D., Silverman, A., and Adler, J., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 454, 012076 (2013), http://phycomp.technion.ac.il/~aviz.Google Scholar
[35]Adler, J., Silverman, A., Ierushalmi, N., Sorkin, A. and Kalish, R., VIIth Brazilian Meeting on Simulational Physics, Journal of Physics: Conference Proceedings, 487, 01215 (2014), http://phjoan23.technion.ac.il/~phr76ja/nv.Google Scholar
[36]Adler, J., Silverman, A., Ierushalmi, N., Sorkin, A., and Kalish, R., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 487, 012015 (2014).Google Scholar