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The Use of Copyrighted Technical Standards in the Operationalisation of European Union Law: The Status Quo Position of the General Court in Public.Resources.Org (T-185/19)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 July 2022
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References
1 Council of the European Union, “Council Resolution of 7 May 1985 on a New Approach to Technical Harmonization and Standards” (1985) <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A31985Y0604%2801%29>.
3 Case C-613/14, James Elliot Construction limited v Irish Asphalt Limited, ECLI:EU:C:2016:63, para 34.
4 ibid, para 34.
5 ibid, para 40.
6 The term is borrowed from H Schepel, “The New Approach to the New Approach: The Juridification of Harmonized Standards in EU Law” (2013) 4 Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 12.
7 Enshrined in, inter alia, Art 17 TFEU.
8 Case C-588/21, Public.Resources.Org and Right to Know v Commission and Others.
9 See, for instance, M Egan, Constructing a European Market: Standards, Regulation and Governance (Oxford, Oxford University Press 2001); H Schepel, The Constitution of Private Governance: The Product Standards in the Regulation of Integrating Markets (London, Hart 2005).
10 See, inter alia, R Van Gestel and P Van Lochem, “Private Standards as a Replacement for Public Lawmaking?” in M Cantero Gamito and H-W Micklitz (eds), The Role of the EU in Transnational Legal Ordering (Cheltenham, Edward Elgar Publishing 2020); C Colombo and M Eliantonio, “Harmonized Technical Standards as Part of EU Law: Juridification with a Number of Unresolved Legitimacy Concerns?: Case C-613/14 James Elliot Construction Limited v. Irish Asphalt Limited, EU:C:2016:821” (2017) 24 Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 323, 333–34; L Senden, “The Constitutional Fit of European Standardization Put to the Test” (2017) 44 Legal Issues of Economic Integration 337.
11 See, for instance, M Medzmariashvili, Regulating European Standardisation through Law: The Interplay between Harmonised European Standards and EU Law (1st edn, Lund, Lund University Press 2019) pp 140–47.
12 And is enshrined in Art 17 EU Charter of Fundamental Rights.
13 Case C-171/11, Fra.Bo SpA v Deutsche Vereinigung des Gas- und Wasserfaches eV (DVGW) ECLI:EU:C:2012:453.
14 Regulation (EU)305/2011.
15 For more on this distinction, see C Jenart, Outsourcing Rulemaking Power: Constitutional Limits National Safeguards (Oxford, Oxford University Press 2022).
16 C-160/20, Stichting Rookpreventie Jeugd v Staatssecretaris van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport, ECLI:EU:C:2022:101.
17 Directive (EU) 2014/40.
18 ibid; PublicOrganisations.Org, para 53.
19 CEN Annual Report 2020, available at <https://www.cencenelec.eu/news-and-events/news/2021/publications/2021-06-21-cen-clc-annual-reports-2020/>.
20 See, for instance, the Belgian National Standard Setting Organisation website, available at <https://www.nbn.be/en/about-nbn/ensure-your-e-invoices-comply-new-european-e-invoicing-standards-download-standards-free>.