Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-5g6vh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T04:32:54.383Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Credit in Society and in Sociology: On “The Bank and Its Customers” (Bourdieu, Boltanski, Chamboredon, 1963)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 November 2023

Hélène Ducourant
Affiliation:
Université Gustave Eiffel, LATTS, CNRS, École des Ponts. Email: helene.ducourant@univ-eiffel.fr;
Jeanne Lazarus
Affiliation:
Sciences Po, CNRS, CSO. Email: jeanne.lazarus@sciencespo.fr.
Get access

Abstract

In 1963, a young French sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu, together with two assistants—Luc Boltanski and Jean-Claude Chamboredon—conducted the first sociological study of the credit practices of a major French bank, entitled “The Bank and Its Customers”. This article discusses the context, the findings and the legacy of this study. First, the article sketches the landscape of the emerging mass credit market in France in the early 1960s. Then, the paper summarizes and analyses the report itself. We also demonstrate how bank-customer interactions and credit continued to be a subject of interest for Bourdieu throughout his subsequent career. Finally, the paper seeks to contribute to comparative research on the varieties of national configurations of private indebtedness in relation to the level of development of the welfare state.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Journal of Sociology

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Adkins, Lisa, 2017. “Speculative Futures in the Time of Debt,” The Sociological Review, 65 (3): 448462.10.1111/1467-954X.12442CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aglietta, Michel and Brender, Anton, 1984. Les Métamorphoses de La Société Salariale: la France en projet (Paris, Calmann-Lévy).Google Scholar
Beckert, Jens, 2016. Imagined Futures: Fictional Expectations and Capitalist Dynamics (Cambridge, Harvard University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blic, Damien de and Mouchard, Daniel, 2000. “La Cause de La Critique (I) - Entretien Avec Luc Boltanski,” Raisons Politiques, 3: 159184.Google Scholar
Boltanski, Luc, 2008. Rendre La Réalité Inacceptable: à Propos de “La Production de l’idéologie Dominante” (Paris, Demopolis).Google Scholar
Borzeix, Anni and Rot, Gwenaële, 2010. Genèse d’une discipline, naissance d’une revue Sociologie du travail (Nanterre, Presses Universitaires de Paris Ouest).10.4000/books.pupo.5001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre, 1963. “La société traditionnelle; Attitude à l’égard du temps et conduite économique,” Sociologie du Travail, 1: 2444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre, 1974. “Avenir de classe et causalité du probable,” Revue Française de Sociologie, 15 (1): 342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre, 1979. Algeria 1960: The Disenchantment of the World: The Sense of Honour: The Kabyle House or the World Reversed: Essays (New York, Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre, [1984] 2005. The Social Structures of the Economy (Cambridge, Polity Press).Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre, [1979] 2015. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, transl. by Richard Nice (London, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group).Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre and Accardo, Alain, eds, 1999. The Weight of the World: Social Suffering in Contemporary Society (Stanford, Stanford University Press).Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre and Boltanski, Luc, 1976. “La production de l’idéologie dominante,” Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 2 (2): 373.10.3406/arss.1976.3443CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre, Champagne, Patrick, Duval, Julien, Poupeau, Franck and Rivière, Christine, 2015. Sociologie Générale. Volume 1. Cours au Collège de France (Paris, Raisons d’agir).Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre and Clough, Lauretta C., 1996. The State Nobility: Elite Schools in the Field of Power (Stanford, Stanford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre and de Saint Martin, Monique, 1978. “Le patronat,” Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 20 (1): 382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre and de Saint Martin, Monique, 1990. “Le sens de la propriété: la genèse sociale des systèmes de préférences,” Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 81 (1): 5264.10.3406/arss.1990.2926CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre and Whiteside, Shaun, 2005. Photography: A Middle-Brow Art (Stanford, Stanford University Press).Google Scholar
Boussard, Valérie, ed., 2017, Finance at work (London/New York, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, coll. « Routledge International Studies in Money and Banking »).Google Scholar
Caplovitz, David, 1963. The Poor Pay More: Consumer Practices of Low-Income Families (London, Collier-Macmillan).Google Scholar
Chadoin, Olivier and Houdeville, Gérald, 2017. “Le visuel et le conceptuel: sur l’usage des images dans la revue Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales,” Revue Française Des Méthodes Visuelles, 1 [on line].Google Scholar
Chapoulie, Jean-Michel, 1991. “La seconde fondation de la sociologie française, les États-Unis et la classe ouvrière,” Revue Française de Sociologie, 32 (3): 321364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chaubet, François, 2012. “Michel Crozier et le CSO, un entrepreneur sociologique de la réforme de l’État (début des années 1950-fin des années 1970),” Revue historique, 663 (3): 659681.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Convert, Bernard, Ducourant, Hélène and Eloire, Fabien, 2014. “Faire de la sociologie économique avec Pierre Bourdieu,” Revue Française de Socio-Économie, 13 (1): 922.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darras, 1966, Le Partage des bénéfices. Expansion et inégalités en France (Paris, Éditions de Minuit).Google Scholar
Davey, Ryan, 2019. “Suspensory Indebtedness: Time, Morality and Power Asymmetry in Experiences of Consumer Debt,” Economy and Society, 48 (4): 532553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, Gerald, 2009. Managed by the Markets: How Finance Reshaped America (Oxford, Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Denord, François, 2021. “Sociologie de la banque ou de la classe dominante? L’enquête sur le crédit et sa postérité (1963-1990),” in Duval, J., Heilbron, J. et Issenhuth, P., eds, Pierre Bourdieu et l’art de l’invention scientifique: Enquêter Au Centre de sociologie européenne (1959-1969) (Paris, Classiques Garnier: 233256).Google Scholar
Ducourant, Hélène, 2009. Du crédit à la consommation à la consommation de crédits. Autonomisation d’une activité économique. Thèse de doctorat, Université Lille 1.Google Scholar
Ducourant, Hélène, 2014. “Why Do the Poor Pay More Their Credit? A French Case Study,” in Guérin, I., Morvant-Roux, S. and Villareal, M., eds, Microfinance, Debt and Over-Indebtedness: Juggling with Money (London, Routledge: 86102).Google Scholar
Durif, Pierre, 1969. “Propriétaires et Locataires En 1967,” Economie et Statistique, 3: 4156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Effosse, Sabine and Plessis, Alain, 2013. L’Invention du logement aidé en France L’immobilier au temps des Trente Glorieuses (Vincennes, Institut de la gestion publique et du développement économique).Google Scholar
Esping-Andersen, Gøsta, 1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism (Princeton, Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
Finez, Jean and Naulin, Sidonie, 2018. “Entretien avec Jens Beckert: ‘Orienter l’action économique vers le futur est un trait central du capitalisme moderne’,” Revue Française de Socio-Économie, 21 (2): 151164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fouchier, Jacques de, 1989. La Banque et La Vie (Paris, Editions O. Jacob).Google Scholar
Fourcade, Marion and Healy, Kieran, 2013. “Classification Situations: Life-Chances in the Neoliberal Era,” Accounting, Organizations and Society, 38 (8): 559572.10.1016/j.aos.2013.11.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frouard, Hélène, 2012. “Tous propriétaires? Les débuts de l’accession sociale à la propriété,” Le Mouvement Social, 239 (2): 113128.10.3917/lms.239.0113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuller, Gregory W., 2015, “Who’s Borrowing? Credit Encouragement vs. Credit Mitigation in National Financial Systems,” Politics & Society, 43 (2): 241268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garcia-Parpet, Marie-France, 2014. “Marché, rationalité et faits sociaux totaux: Pierre Bourdieu et l’économie,” Revue Française de Socio-Économie, 13 (1): 107127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Godard, Francis, Cuturello, Paul and Pendaries, Jean-René, 1982. Familles mobilisées: accession à la propriété du logement et notion d’effort des ménages (Paris, Plan construction).Google Scholar
Goetze, Roger and Effosse, Sabine, 2007. Entretiens avec Roger Goetze: un financier bâtisseur, 1957-1988 ; mémoire (Paris, Comité pour l’Histoire Economique et Financière de la France).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grémion, Pierre, 2016. “L’Atelier Saint-Hilaire (1962-1975),” Entreprises et histoire, 84 (3): 1128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guérin, Isabelle, Palier, Jane and Prévost, Benoît, 2009. Femmes et microfinance: espoirs et désillusions de l’expérience indienne (Paris, Éditions des Archives contemporaines).Google Scholar
Hacker, Jacob S., 2008. The Great Risk Shift: The New Economic Insecurity and the Decline of the American Dream (Oxford, Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Halbwachs, Maurice and Baudelot, Christian, 2011. Le Destin de la classe ouvrière (Paris, Presses Universitaires de France).Google Scholar
Han, Clara, 2012. Life in Debt: Times of Care and Violence in Neoliberal Chile (Berkeley, University of California Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houdeville, Gérald, 2007. Le Métier de sociologue en France depuis 1945: renaissance d’une discipline (Rennes, Presses Universitaires de Rennes).Google Scholar
Husz, Orsi and Bouyssou, Rachel, 2015. “Comment les salariés suédois sont devenus des consommateurs de produits financiers: l’expérience des ‘comptes chèques salariaux’ dans les années 1950 et 1960,” Critique international, 69 (4): 99118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyman, Louis, 2013. Debtor Nation: The History of America in Red Ink (Princeton, Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
Lambert, Anne, 2016. “En prendre pour 25 ans. Les classes populaires et le crédit immobilier,” Sociétés contemporaines, 104 (4): 95119.Google Scholar
Langley, Paul, Anderson, Ben, Ash, James and Gordon, Rachel, 2019. “Indebted Life and Money Culture: Payday Lending in the United Kingdom,” Economy and Society, 48 (1): 3051.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazarus, Jeanne, 2006. “Les pauvres et la consommation,” Vingtième Siècle. Revue d’histoire, 91 (3): 137152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazarus, Jeanne, 2012a. L’Épreuve de l’argent: Banques, Banquiers, Clients (Paris, Calmann-Lévy).Google Scholar
Lazarus, Jeanne, 2012b. “Prévoir la défaillance de crédit: L’ambition du Scoring,” Raisons Politiques, 48 (4): 103118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazarus, Jeanne, 2019. “Se poser les bonnes questions pour décider de sa vie financière,” Entreprises et histoire, 97 (4): 142144.Google Scholar
Lazarus, Jeanne and Lacan, Laure, 2020. “Toward a Relational Sociology of Credit: An Exploration of the French Literature,” Socio-Economic Review, 18 (2): 575597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazarus, Jeanne and Luzzi, Mariana, 2015. “Les pratiques monétaires des ménages au prisme de la financiarisation,” Critique international, 69 (4): 919.10.3917/crii.069.0009CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, Randy, 2002. Financialization of Daily Life (Philadelphia, Temple University Press).Google Scholar
Ossandón, José, 2014. “Sowing Consumers in the Garden of Mass Retailing in Chile,” Consumption Markets & Culture, 17 (5): 429447.10.1080/10253866.2013.849591CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ossandón, José, Deville, Joe, Lazarus, Jeanne and Luzzi, Mariana, 2021. “Financial Oikonomization: The Financial Government and Administration of the Household,” Socio-Economic Review,Volume 20, Issue 3, July 2022, Pages 14731500,10.1093/ser/mwab031CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prasad, Monica, 2012. The Land of Too Much: American Abundance and the Paradox of Poverty (Cambridge, Harvard University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pellandini-Simányi, Léna, Hammer, Ferenc and Vargha, Zsuzsanna, 2015. “The Financialization of Everyday Life or the Domestication of Finance?: How Mortgages Engage with Borrowers’ Temporal Horizons, Relationships and Rationality in Hungary,” Cultural Studies, 29 (5-6): 733759.10.1080/09502386.2015.1017142CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollack, Michael, 1976. “La planification des sciences sociales,” Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 2 (2): 105121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poon, Martha, 2007. “Scorecards as Devices for Consumer Credit: The Case of Fair, Isaac & Company Incorporated,” The Sociological Review, 55 (2_suppl): 284306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quinn, Sarah L., 2019. American Bonds: How Credit Markets Shaped a Nation (Princeton, Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
Monique de, Saint Martin, 1993. L’Espace de La Noblesse (Paris, Editions Métailié).Google Scholar
Seabrooke, Leonard and Schwartz, Herman, 2009. The Politics of Housing Booms and Busts (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan).Google Scholar
Swedberg, Richard, 2011. “The Economic Sociologies of Pierre Bourdieu,” Cultural Sociology, 5 (1): 6782.10.1177/1749975510389712CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanguy, Lucie, 2008, “Retour sur l’histoire de la sociologie du travail en France: place et rôle de l’Institut des sciences sociales du travail,” Revue française de sociologie, 49 (4): 723761.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Topalov, Christian, 1987. Le Logement en France: histoire d’une marchandise impossible (Paris, Presses de la Fondation nationale des sciences politiques).Google Scholar
Trumbull, Gunnar, 2012. “Credit Access and Social Welfare: The Rise of Consumer Lending in the United States and France,” Politics & Society, 40 (1): 934CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trumbull, Gunnar, 2014. Consumer Lending in France and America: Credit and Welfare (New York, Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van der Zwan, Natascha, 2014. “Making Sense of Financialization,” Socio-Economic Review, 12 (1): 99129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Gunten, Tod and Navot, Edo, 2018. “Varieties of Indebtedness: Financialization and Mortgage Market Institutions in Europe,” Social Science Research, 70: 90106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wiedemann, Andreas, 2021. Indebted Societies: Credit and Welfare in Rich Democracies (New York, Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkis, Ariel, 2014. “Sociología Del Crédito y Economía de Las Clases Populares/Sociology of Credit and the Economy of the Popular Classes,” Revista Mexicana de Sociología, 76 (2): 225252.Google Scholar
Zaloom, Caitlin, 2021. Indebted: How Families Make College Work at Any Cost (Princeton, Princeton University Press).10.2307/j.ctv182jt8bCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zelizer, Viviana A. Rotman, 1979. Morals and Markets: The Development of Life Insurance in the United States (New York, Columbia University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar