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T-cell-receptor-like antibodies – generation, function and applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2012

Rony Dahan  and
Yoram Reiter
Rony Dahan
Affiliation:
Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Yoram Reiter*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
*
*Corresponding author: Yoram Reiter, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. E-mail: reiter@tx.technion.ac.il
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Abstract

Tumour and virus-infected cells are recognised by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells that, in response, are activated to eliminate these cells. In order to be activated, the clonotypic T-cell receptor (TCR) needs to encounter a specific peptide antigen presented by the membrane surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule. Cells that have undergone malignant transformation or viral infection present peptides derived from tumour-associated antigens or viral proteins on their MHC class I molecules. Therefore, disease-specific MHC–peptide complexes are desirable targets for immunotherapeutic approaches. One such approach transforms the unique fine specificity but low intrinsic affinity of TCRs to MHC–peptide complexes into high-affinity soluble antibody molecules endowed with a TCR-like specificity towards tumour or viral epitopes. These antibodies, termed TCR-like antibodies, are being developed as a new class of immunotherapeutics that can target tumour and virus-infected cells and mediate their specific killing. In addition to their therapeutic capabilities, TCR-like antibodies are being developed as diagnostic reagents for cancer and infectious diseases, and serve as valuable research tools for studying MHC class I antigen presentation.

Type
Review Article
Information
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 14 , March 2012 , e6
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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