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Biological control of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in Guadeloupe by imported Tamarixiaradiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2002

Jean Étienne ,
Serge Quilici ,
Daniel Marival  and
Antoine Franck
Jean Étienne
Affiliation:
Inra-URPV, Domaine Duclos, 97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
Serge Quilici
Affiliation:
Cirad Réunion, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 7 Chemin de L'Irat, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
Daniel Marival
Affiliation:
Inra-URPV, Domaine Duclos, 97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
Antoine Franck
Affiliation:
Cirad Réunion, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 7 Chemin de L'Irat, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
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Abstract

Introduction. The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is particularly harmful to citrus plantations as it is one of the two psyllid vectors of the citrus greening disease or Huanglongbing. This disease, which limits the longevity of trees, is due to an intracellular bacterium which mainly affects the phloem. Past experience of biological control of D. citri in Reunion Island. In Reunion Island, this disease, detected in 1967, was the main obstacle to the development of the cultivation of citrus fruit. Control of the vector D. citri, by introducing from India and multiplying on site the specific parasitoid Tamarixia radiata (Waterston), was carried out during 1978 when nearly 4600 adult parasitoids were released. The success of T. radiata combined with the distribution of healthy plant material was at the origin of the revival of the cultivation of citrus fruit in Reunion Island. Programme for a biological control of D. citri in Guadeloupe. In Guadeloupe, D. citri was reported in January 1998. No trace of insect parasitism was found and only one fungus, Hirsutella citriformis Speare, proved, under certain conditions, capable of regulating the populations of this psyllid. Taking into account the experience in Reunion Island and that the greening disease has not shown up in Guadeloupe, the introduction of T. radiata from Reunion Island was made in January 1999. About 1000 T. radiata were released all over the Guadeloupe islands. At present, just a little more than 1 year after the last releases, the parasitoid is established and present in almost all the citrus orchards where psyllid populations have decreased considerably. Quite favorable biological characteristics play a great part in explaining the excellent effectiveness of T. radiata in biological control programmes against D. citri.

Keywords

France (Reunion)France (Guadeloupe)CitrusDiaphorina citriTamarixia radiatainsect controlbiological control organismsFrance (Réunion)France (Guadeloupe)CitrusDiaphorina citriTamarixia radiatalutte anti-insecteauxiliaire de lutte biologique
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 56 , Issue 5 , September 2001 , pp. 307 - 315
Copyright
© CIRAD, EDP Sciences

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