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Effect of pruning and chemical control on Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera, Coccidae) in olives

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2011

Yamna Ouguas  and
Mohamed Chemseddine
Yamna Ouguas
Affiliation:
Inst. Natl. Rech. Agron., BP 533, INRA, Marrakech Morocco
Mohamed Chemseddine
Affiliation:
Fac. Sci. Semlalia, Marrakech, Morocco
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Abstract

Introduction In Morocco the olive growers rely totally on pesticides to control the black scale Saissetia oleae, although this technique has adverse effects on natural enemies, on product quality and on the environment. However, the pesticides are not used efficiently because of ignorance of the developmental cycle of the insect, and of the periods of vulnerable instar presence. We studied these two parameters. Next, we tested the efficacy of the pesticide and we studied the effect of pruning on the scales as an alternative to chemicals. Materials and methods The seasonal trend of the black scale was studied in two olive orchards near Essaouira, in the west of Morocco, during 2005 and 2006. One of these orchards was subject to chemical treatment in 2007, while two new orchards were selected to study the effect of pruning on the scales. The evolution of crawler and nymph density on different olive tree organs was followed in order to discover their preferences for these different organs. Results and discussion The seasonal trend study showed the presence of one generation of S. oleae per year and the tendency to colonise young organs rather than old ones. The optimum of mobile instar population coincided with the beginning and the end of July. On the organs of the chemically-treated samples, numbers of crawlers and nymphs were highly reduced. The results showed a small-scale infestation in pruned trees compared with the unpruned trees (control). Conclusion. Though the chemical control has good results, pruning remains very efficient and can help improve the control of the black scale populations without harming the environment

Keywords

MoroccoOlea europaeainsect controlSaissetia oleaepopulation dynamicschemical controlpruningMarocOlea europaealutte anti-insecteSaissetia oleaedynamique des populationslutte chimiquetailleMarruecosOlea europaeacontrol de insectosSaissetia oleaedinámica de poblacionescontrol químicopoda
Type
Original article
Information
Fruits , Volume 66 , Issue 3 , May 2011 , pp. 225 - 234
Copyright
© 2011 Cirad/EDP Sciences

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