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Studies of esterase 6 in Drosophila melanogaster: XI. Modification of esterase 6 activity by unlinked genes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

Craig S. Tepper ,
Rollin C. Richmond ,
Anne L. Terry  and
Alayne Senior
Craig S. Tepper
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, U.S.A.
Rollin C. Richmond
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, U.S.A.
Anne L. Terry
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, U.S.A.
Alayne Senior
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, U.S.A.
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The often remarkable similarity in structural gene products among related species has led to the hypothesis that species differences may reside largely in changes at regulatory gene loci. This hypothesis assumes that groups capable of speciating have allelic variation at regulatory loci in their natural populations. We have undertaken an analysis of the mode of regulation of the esterase 6 (Est 6) locus in Drosophila melanogaster to determine the nature and extent of regulatory gene variation in natural populations. Analyses of esterase 6 (EST 6) activity among strains carrying the same thermostability variants reveal that significant, specific-activity differences are present. Reciprocal crosses between lines having high and low EST 6 activity show that loci other than the Est 6 structural gene influence EST 6 activity. Analyses of male hybrids from crosses between D. melanogaster and simulans indicate that the X chromosome of these flies affects the expression of the Est 6 locus, resulting in unequal levels of enzyme activity from the two alleles. The effect is sex and tissue specific. Female hybrids carrying the X chromosomes of both species exhibit equal expression of the two Est 6 alleles. We have determined whether natural populations are polymorphic for X chromosomes which affect EST 6 activity by extracting single X chromosomes from wild-collected males and placing these chromosomes in identical genetic backgrounds. Stocks which are otherwise genetically identical but carry independently derived X chromosomes show significant differences in the activity of EST 6. These data suggest that regulatory loci may be commonly polymorphic in natural populations.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 40 , Issue 2 , October 1982 , pp. 109 - 125
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

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