Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T13:11:52.071Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Development of two-phase transfer zones during multiphase rifting and their influence on sedimentation in the Baxian Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, northern China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 April 2019

Bingshan Ma Open the ORCID record for Bingshan Ma [Opens in a new window] ,
Jiafu Qi  and
Jiawang Ge
Bingshan Ma
Affiliation:
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
Jiafu Qi*
Affiliation:
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang Province, China
Jiawang Ge
Affiliation:
School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
*
*Email: qijiafu@cup.edu.cn
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We investigate the formation and deformation of transfer zones and their impact on sedimentation during multiphase rifting using a three-dimensional seismic dataset in the Baxian Sag, the onshore part of the Bohai Bay Basin, northern China. The fault system in the study area is dominated by two arcuate, opposing boundary faults, that is, the Niudong and Maxi faults, which form an S-type fault system which does not link together. The fault system and structural-stratigraphic features between the Eocene and Oligocene syn-rift sequences were distinctly different during the Palaeogene rifting. These differences allow us to identify the two-phase transfer zones: (1) a NW–SE-trending Eocene transfer zone linking the NW-tilted Baxian Block and the SE-tilted Raoyang Block , and (2) the N–S-trending Oligocene transfer zone forming along the central part of the S-type fault system between the two inward kinks, and linking S-tilted and N-tilted fault blocks. The two-phase transfer zones comprise transverse boundary fault segments and fault styles which are related to strike-slip motion. The strike-slip faults occurred in the sequence where the transfer zone formed. The transfer zones significantly influenced the syn-rift sediments, drainage catchments and reservoir properties during the periods when they formed, and the two-phase transfer zones represent favourable positions for hydrocarbon accumulation in the Eocene and Oligocene sequences, respectively.

Keywords

transfer zonetwo-phasemultiphase riftingBohai Bay BasinBaxian Sag
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 156 , Issue 11 , November 2019 , pp. 1821 - 1838
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, MB, Macdonald, DIM, Xun, Z, Vincent, SJ and Brouet-Menzies, C (1997) Early Cenozoic two-phase extension and late Cenozoic thermal subsidence and inversion of the Bohai Basin, northern China. Marine and Petroleum Geology 14, 951–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Athmer, W and Luthi, SM (2011) The effect of relay ramps on sediment routes and deposition: a review. Sedimentary Geology 242, 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellahsen, N and Daniel, JM (2005) Fault reactivation control on normal fault growth: an experimental study. Journal of Structural Geology 27, 769–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bellahsen, N, Leroy, S, Autin, J, Razin, P, D’acremont, E, Sloan, H, Pik, R, Ahmed, A and Khanbari, K (2013) Pre-existing oblique transfer zones and transfer/transform relationships in continental margins: new insights from the southeastern Gulf of Aden, Socotra Island, Yemen. Tectonophysics 607, 32–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonini, M, Souriot, T, Boccaletti, M and Brun, JP (1997) Successive orthogonal and oblique extension episodes in a rift zone: laboratory experiments with application to the Ethiopian Rift. Tectonics 16, 347–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, S, Ren, J, Xin, Y, Zhang, J and Wu, F (2015) Structure and evolution analyses of the Shabei area of Bohai Bay basin. Geotectonica et Metallogenia 39, 816–27 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Chen, X, Hao, F, Guo, L, Yin, J, Cao, Y and Zou, H (2018) Characteristic of source rocks and origin of crude oils in the Raoyang Sag and Baxian Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China: insights from geochemical and geological analyses. Marine and Petroleum Geology 97, 407–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Contreras, J and Scholz, CH (2001) Evolution of stratigraphic sequences in multisegmented continental rift basins: comparison of computer models with the basins of the East African rift system. AAPG Bulletin 85, 1565–81.Google Scholar
Dai, J, Lu, K, Qi, J and Chen, S (1998) The evolution of the Paleogene structural styles in Bohai Gulf Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica 19, 16–20 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Dawers, NH and Underhill, JR (2000) The role of fault interaction and linkage in controlling Synrift stratigraphic sequences: late Jurassic, Statfjord East Area, Northern North Sea. AAPG Bulletin 84, 45–6.Google Scholar
Duffy, OB, Bell, RE, Jackson, CAL, Gawthorpe, RL and Whipp, PS (2015) Fault growth and interactions in a multiphase rift fault network: Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea. Journal of Structural Geology 80, 99–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erkül, F (2010) Tectonic significance of synextensional ductile shear zones within the Early Miocene Alaçamdağ granites, northwestern Turkey. Geological Magazine 147, 611–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faulds, JE and Varga, RJ (1998) The role of accommodation zones and transfer zones in the regional segmentation of extended terranes. Geological Society of America Special Papers 323, 1–45.Google Scholar
Feng, Y, Zhou, H, Ren, J, Zhen, H and Miao, S (2010) Paleogene sequence stratigraphy in the east of the Bohai Bay basin and its response to structural movement. Scientia Sinica Terrae 40, 1356–76 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Frankowicz, E and McClay, KR (2010) Extensional fault segmentation and linkages, Bonaparte Basin, outer North West Shelf, Australia. AAPG Bulletin 94, 977–1010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gawthorpe, RL and Hurst, JM (1993) Transfer zones in extensional basins: their structural style and influence on drainage development and stratigraphy. Journal of the Geological Society 150, 1137–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gawthorpe, RL and Leeder, MR (2000) Tectono-sedimentary evolution of active extensional basins. Basin Research 12, 195–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ge, J, Zhu, X, Wang, R, Jones, BG and Chen, W (2018) Tectono-sedimentary evolution and hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Early Cretaceous Tanan depression, Tamtsag Basin, Mongolia. Marine and Petroleum Geology 94, 43–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibbs, AD (1984) Structural evolution of extensional basin margins. Journal of the Geological Society 141, 609–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibbs, AD (1990) Linked fault families in basin formation. Journal of Structural Geology 12, 795–803.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gomes, CP Jr, Fossen, H, Almeida, RPD and Salmoni, B (2018) Subseismic deformation in the Vaza-Barris transfer zone in the Cretaceous Recôncavo-Tucano-Jatobá rift system, NE Brazil. Journal of Structural Geology 117, 81–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henza, AA, Withjack, MO and Schlische, RW (2010) Normal-fault development during two phases of non-coaxial extension: an experimental study. Journal of Structural Geology 32, 1656–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henza, AA, Withjack, MO and Schlische, RW (2011) How do the properties of a pre-existing normal-fault population influence fault development during a subsequent phase of extension? Journal of Structural Geology 33, 1312–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hou, G, Qian, X and Song, X (1998) The origin of the Bohai Bay Basin. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium (Universitatis Pekinensis) 33, 503–9 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Hou, Y, Sheng, HE and Wang (2010) Constraints by tectonic slope-break zones on sequences and depositional systems in the Banqiao Sag. Acta Petrolei Sinica 31, 754–61 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Huang, L, Liu, C and Kusky, TM (2015) Cenozoic evolution of the Tan-Lu Fault zone (East China): constraints from seismic data. Gondwana Research 28, 1079–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, L, Liu, C, Zhou, X and Wang, Y (2012a) The important turning points during evolution of Cenozoic basin offshore the Bohai Sea: evidence and regional dynamics analysis. Science China Earth Sciences 55, 476–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, L, Wang, Y and Wu, Q (2012b) Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Laizhouwan Sag in Bohai Bay Basin. Acta Geologica Sinica 86, 867–76 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Keep, M and McClay, KR (1997) Analogue modelling of multiphase rift systems. Tectonophysics 273, 239–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lacombe, O, Angelier, J, Byrne, D and Dupin, JM (1993) Eocene-Oligocene tectonics and kinematics of the Rhine-Saone continental transform zone (eastern France). Tectonics 12, 874–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lao, H, Wu, K and Chen, Q (2010) Geologic character and evolution of the accommodation zone in the Jizhong depression. Journal of Geomechanics 16, 294–309 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Lao, H, Wu, K, Chen, Q and Wu, Z (2012) Evolution characteristics of Maozhou transition zone and its control function of reservoirs forming in Jizhong depression. Journal of China University of Petroleum 36, 12–9 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Liang, J, Wang, H, Bai, Y, Ji, X and Duo, X (2016) Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Bohai Bay Basin and its coupling relationship with Pacific Plate subduction. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 127, 257–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liang, J, Yu, F, Liu, G, Wang, T, Li, D and Ma, K (2014) Deformation superimposition characteristics resulting from stretching direction changes in Nanpu Sag: insight from physical modeling. Geoscience 28, 139–48 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Lu, X, Liu, H, Wang, J, Zhang, Y and Lian, B (2010) Petroleum migration system and Neogene petroleum accumulation features in the Baxian Sag, Bohai Bay Basin. Petroleum Geology & Experiment 32, 258–61 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Madritsch, H, Kounov, A, Schmid, SM and Fabbri, O (2009) Multiple fault reactivations within the intra-continental Rhine-Bresse Transfer Zone (La Serre Horst, eastern France). Tectonophysics 471, 297–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Min, B, Xin, W, Zhang, H, Lv, Y and Li, X (2015) Sequence stratigraphy and reservoir potential in the Wen’an inner-slope of the Baxian sag, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China. Marine and Petroleum Geology 68, 695–704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morley, CK, Haranya, C, Phoosongsee, W, Pongwapee, S, Kornsawan, A and Wonganan, N (2004) Activation of rift oblique and rift parallel pre-existing fabrics during extension and their effect on deformation style: examples from the rifts of Thailand. Journal of Structural Geology 26, 1803–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morley, CK, Nelson, RA, Patton, TL and Munn, SG (1990) Transfer zones in the East African Rift system and their relevance to hydrocarbon exploration in rifts. AAPG Bulletin 74, 1234–53.Google Scholar
Moustafa, AR (2002) Controls on the geometry of transfer zones in the Suez rift and northwest Red Sea: implications for the structural geometry of rift systems. AAPG Bulletin 86, 979–1002.Google Scholar
Moustafa, AR and Khalil, SM (2017) Control of extensional transfer zones on syntectonic and post-tectonic sedimentation: implications for hydrocarbon exploration. Journal of the Geological Society 174, 318–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nixon, CW, Sanderson, DJ, Dee, SJ, Bull, JM, Humphreys, RJ and Swanson, MH (2014) Fault interactions and reactivation within a normal-fault network at Milne Point, Alaska. AAPG Bulletin 98, 2081–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qi, J (2004) Two tectonic systems in the Cenozoic Bohai Bay basin and their genetic interpretation. Chinese Geology 31, 15–22 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Qi, J (2007) Structural transfer zones and significance for hydrocarbon accumulation in rifting basins. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology 12, 43–50 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Qi, J and Yang, Q (2010) Cenozoic structural deformation and dynamic processes of the Bohai Bay basin province, China. Marine and Petroleum Geology 27, 757–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qi, J, Zhang, Y, Lu, K and Yang, Q (1995) Extensional pattern and dynamic process of the Cenozoic rifting basin in the Bohai Bay. Experimental Petroleum Geology 17, 316–23 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Schlische, RW (1991) Half-graben basin filling models: new constraints on continental extensional basin development. Basin Research 3, 123–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scholz, CA and Hutchinson, DR (2000) Stratigraphic and structural evolution of the Selenga Delta accommodation zone, Lake Baikal Rift, Siberia. International Journal of Earth Sciences 89, 212–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Song, Y (2010) Study on structural characteristics and the favorable exploration zones of the middle-northern area in Raoyang Sag. PhD thesis, College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China. Published thesis (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Suo, Y, Li, S, Yu, S, Somerville, ID, Liu, X, Zhao, S and Dai, L (2014) Cenozoic tectonic jumping and implications for hydrocarbon accumulation in basins in the East Asia Continental margin. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 88, 28–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tong, H, Zhao, B, Cao, Z, Liu, G, Xiaomei, D and Zhao, D (2013) Structural analysis of faulting system origin in the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin. Acta Geologica Sinica 87, 1647–61 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Wang, H, Lu, Y, Fu, X, Sun, Y, Wang, H and Li, P (2013) Formation, evolution and reservoir-controlling mechanism of relay zone in rift basin. Geological Science & Technology Information 32, 102–10 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Wang, J, Wang, H, Ren, J, Xiao, D and Pu, X (2010) A great oblique transition zone in the central Huanghua Depression and its significance for petroleum exploration. Acta Petrologica Sinica 31, 355–60 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Whipp, PS, Jackson, CA, Gawthorpe, RL, Dreyer, T and Quinn, D (2014) Normal fault array evolution above a reactivated rift fabric; a subsurface example from the northern Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea. Basin Research 26, 523–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, J (1986) The structural framework of eastern Jizhong depression and its evolution. Oil & Gas Geology 7, 20–31 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Xie, X and Deng, H (2008) Controls of the transverse accommodation zones on the Provenance system in Baxian Sag. Natural Gas Geoscience 19, 334–8 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Yang, M (2009) Transfer structure and its relation to hydrocarbon exploration in Bohai Bay Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica 30, 816–23 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Yang, M, Liu, C, Sun, D and Cui, YQ (2002a) Extensional tectonic system and its deep-seated setting of Jizhong basin, China. Geotectonic et Metallogenia 26, 113–20 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Yang, M, Liu, C, Sun, D and Zhao, H (2002b) Coupling relationship between structure and sedimentation in the north of Jizhong Basin during Paleogene. Journal-Xi’An Petroleum 17, 12–5 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Yang, M, Liu, C, Yang, B and Zhao, H (2002c) Extensional structures of the Paleogene in the central Hebei Basin, China. Geological Review 18, 58–67 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Ye, H, Zhang, B and Mao, F (1987) The Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Great North China: two types of rifting and crustal necking in the Great North China and their tectonic implications. Tectonophysics 133, 217–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Younes, AI and McClay, RK (2002) Development of accommodation zones in the Gulf of Suez-Red Sea Rift, Egypt. AAPG Bulletin 86, 1003–26.Google Scholar
Yu, F and Koyi, H (2016) Cenozoic tectonic model of the Bohai Bay Basin in China. Geological Magazine 153, 866–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, W, Li, X, Zhai, X, Wang, Z, Liu, C, Nie, H and Zhou, Q (2012) Structure features and potential prospect of Wen’an slope in Baxian depression. Oil Geophysical Prospecting 47, 118–24 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Zhang, W, Yang, D, Chen, Y, Qian, Z, Zhang, C and Liu, H (2008) Sedimentary structural characteristics and hydrocarbon distributed rules of Jizhong depression. Acta Geologica Sinica 82, 1103–12 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Zhang, X, Wu, Z, Zhou, X, Niu, C, Li, W, Ren, J and Zhang, J (2017) Cenozoic tectonic characteristics and evolution of the southern Bohai Sea. Geotectonica et Metallogenia 41, 50–60 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Zhang, Y, Dai, J, Wang, K, Zou, J and Zhong, D (2014) Fault activity features of Baxian Sag in Paleogene in Jizhong depression. Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition) 29, 27–33 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Zhang, Y and Su, D (1999) Extensional right strike-slip movement in eastern Jizhong depression. China Petroleum Exploration 4, 37–9 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Zhao, L, Zhao, X, Liu, J, Wang, S and Ren, W (2009) Characteristics of Paleogene stratigraphic and lithologic reservoirs and its exploration direction in Jizhong depression. Acta Petrolei Sinica 30, 492–7 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Zhao, X, Jin, F, Cui, Z, Han, C, Zeng, J, Wang, Q and Guo, K (2012) Types of subtle buried-hill oil reservoirs and their accumulation simulation in Jizhong depression, Bohai Bay Basin. Petroleum Exploration and Development Online 39, 147–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, X, Jin, F, Wang, Q, Zhang, R, Wang, J and Bai, X (2011) Niudong 1 ultra-deep and ultra-high temperature subtle buried hill field in Bohai Bay Basin: discovery and significance. Acta Petrolei Sinica 32, 915–27 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Zhao, X, Liu, C, Jin, F, Jin, Q and Zhang, Y (2015) Petroleum genetic types and oil-gas sources of deep reservoirs in Baxian depression, northeast China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 134, 105–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, Z and Windley, BF (1990) Cenozoic tectonic extension and inversion of the Jizhong Basin, Hebei, northern China. Tectonophysics 185, 83–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, J and Zhou, J (2006) Mechanisms of Cenozoic deformation in the Bohai Basin, northeast China: physical modelling and discussions. Science in China Series D 49, 258–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zwaan, F and Schreurs, G (2017) How oblique extension and structural inheritance influence rift segment interaction: insights from 4D analog models. Interpretation 5, 119–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zwaan, F, Schreurs, G, Naliboff, J and Buiter, SJH (2016) Insights into the effects of oblique extension on continental rift interaction from 3D analogue and numerical models. Tectonophysics 693, 239–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar