Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-2xdlg Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-17T00:07:54.857Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Microfabrics of a recumbent fold in cross-bedded sandstones

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

K. Yagishita  and
R. C. Morris
K. Yagishita
Affiliation:
Geology Department, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, U.S.A.
R. C. Morris
Affiliation:
Geology Department, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, U.S.A.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

A thin-section study of the orientation of long-axes of quartz grains was conducted for a similar type fold of overturned cross-bedding in Carboniferous sandstones. Preferred orientation of detrital grains of the fold shows that (a) apparent long-axes of grains are parallel to the axial plane in a plane normal to the fold axis, (b) long-axes of grains in the axial plane are oriented in a high angle to the fold axis, and (c) grains are aligned parallel to the fold axis in a plane perpendicular to the other two directions. From the dimensional orientation of quartz grains in this sample, it is concluded that the overturned fold was made by a shear mechanism immediately following sedimentation in which the original quartz grains were reorientated by small-scale slippage along the shear planes.

Type
Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 116 , Issue 2 , March 1979 , pp. 105 - 116
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1979

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, J. R. L. 1972. Intensity of deposition from avalanches and the loose packing of avalanche deposits. Sedimentology 18, 105–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, J. R. L. & Banks, N. L. 1972. An interpretation and analysis of recumbent-folded deformed cross-bedding. Sedimentology 19, 257–83.Google Scholar
Bagnold, R. A. 1954. Experiments on a gravity-free dispersion of large solid spheres in a Newtonian fluid under shear. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 225, 49–63.Google Scholar
Cloos, E. 1946. Lineation: A critical review and annotated bibliography. Mem. geol. Soc. Am. 18.Google Scholar
Gibbons, G. S. 1969. Planar sections through imbricate-type fabrics. J. Geol. 77, 339–46.Google Scholar
Hansen, E., Porter, S. C., Hill, B. A. & Hills, A. 1961. Decollement structure in glacial-lake sediments. Bull. geol. Soc. Am. 72, 1415–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hendry, H. E. & Stauffer, M. R. 1975. Penecontemporaneous recumbent folds in trough cross-bedding of Pleistocene sands in Saskatchewan, Canada. J. sedim. Petrol. 45, 932–43.Google Scholar
Inman, D. L. 1952. Measures for describing the size distribution of sediments. J. sedim. Petrol. 22, 125–45.Google Scholar
Jones, G. P. 1962. Deformed cross-stratification in Cretaceous Bima sandstone, Nigeria. J. sedim. Petrol. 32, 231–39.Google Scholar
Kosanke, R. C., Simon, J. A., Wanless, H. R. & Willman, H. B. 1960. Classification of the Pennsylvanian strata of Illinois. Ill. State geol. Surv. Invest. Rept. 214.Google Scholar
McKee, E. P., Reynolds, M. A. & Baker, C. H. 1962. Laboratory studies on deformation in unconsolidated sediment. Prof. Pap. U.S. geol. Surv. 450-D, 151–55.Google Scholar
Middleton, G. V. 1970. Experimental studies related to problems of flysch sedimentation. Spec. Pap. Geol. Assoc. Canada 7, 253–72.Google Scholar
Morris, R. M. 1971. Classification and interpretation of disturbed bedding types in Jackfork flysch rocks (Upper Mississippian) Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas. J. sedim. Petrol. 41, 410–24.Google Scholar
Potter, P. E. & Pettijohn, F. J. 1963. Paleocurrent and basin analysis. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pryor, W. A. & Sable, E. G. 1974. Carboniferous of the Eastern Interior Basin. Spec. Pap. geol. Soc. Am. 148, 281–313.Google Scholar
Ramsay, J. G. 1967. Folding and fracturing of rocks. London: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Rees, A. I. 1968. The production of preferred orientation in a concentrated dispersion of elongated and flattened grains. J. Geol. 76, 457–65.Google Scholar
Robson, D. A. 1956. A sedimentary study of the Fell sandstones of the Coquet Valley, Northumberland. Q. Jl geol. Soc. 112, 241–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rust, B. R. 1968. Deformed cross-bedding in Tertiary-Cretaceous sandstone, Arctic Canada. J. sedim. Petrol. 38, 87–91.Google Scholar
Siever, R. 1959. Petrology and geochemistry of silica cementation in some Pennsylvanian sandstones. In Silica and Sediments (ed. Ireland, M. A.), S.E.P.M. Spec. Publ. 7, 55–79.Google Scholar
Smits, B. J. 1971. Paleocurrent directions and deformed cross-bedding in the Molteno stage (Triassic), Stromberg Mountains northeast Cape Province (South Africa). Palaeogeogr. Palaeoecol. Palaeoclimatol. 9, 123–31.Google Scholar
Spreng, A. C. 1967. Slump features, Fayetteville Formation, north western Arkansas. J. sedim. Petrol. 37, 804–17.Google Scholar
Wanless, H. R. 1955. Pennsylvanian rocks of Eastern Interior Basin. Bull. Am. Ass. Petrol. Geol. 39, 1753–820.Google Scholar
Williams, E. 1960. Intra-stratal flow and convolute folding. Geol. Mag. 97, 208–14.Google Scholar
Williams, P. F. 1972. Development of metamorphic layering and cleavage in low grade metamorphic rocks at Bermagui, Australia. Am. J. Sci. 272, 1–47.Google Scholar
Williams, P. F., Collins, A. R. & Wiltshire, R. G. 1969. Cleavage and penecontemporaneous deformation structures in sedimentary rocks. J. Geol. 77, 415–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodcock, N. H. 1976. Structural style in slump sheets: Ludlow Series, Powys. Wales. Q. Jl. geol. Soc. Lond. 132, 399–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yagishita, K. 1971. On microfabrics of slump fold of the Saikawa Anticline in northern Fossa Magna, central Japan. J. geol. Soc. Japan 77, 779–90.Google Scholar
Yagishita, K. 1973. Dimensional orientation of sand grains in convolute lamination. J. geol. Soc. Japan 79, 381–90.Google Scholar
Yagishita, K. 1977. Possible mechanism of submarine sliding and its associated minor slump fold. J. Ass. geol. Collabor. Japan 31, 179–92.Google Scholar