Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-tn8tq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-16T21:21:24.308Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Sedimentary structures and palaeocurrents of the Siwaliks exposed between the Yamuna and Gola Rivers, U.P. (India)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

B. Parkash
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and GeophysicsUniversity of RoorkeeRoorkee, U.P., India
I. P. Bajpai
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and GeophysicsUniversity of RoorkeeRoorkee, U.P., India
H. P. Saxena
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and GeophysicsUniversity of RoorkeeRoorkee, U.P., India

Summary

The present paper deals with sedimentary structures and palaeocurrents of the Siwaliks exposed between the Yamuna and Gola rivers, U.P., India. Typical sedimentary structures observed in the Lower and Middle Siwalik formations are: cross-bedding, rib-and-furrow structure, parting lineation, plane-laminations and worm burrows. Also the Lower and Middle Siwaliks exhibit a typical, cyclic development of sedimentary bed forms and structures characteristic of flood plain deposits. A study of cross-bedding foreset azimuths indicates south-westerly and southerly paleocurrent directions for the Lower and Middle Siwaliks respectively. Distributions of pebble orientations from the Upper Siwalik have significant preferred orientations along both N–S and E–W directions.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1974

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, J. R. L. 1963(a). The classification of cross-stratified units with notes on their origin. Sedimentology 2, 93114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, J. R. L. 1963(b). Asymmetrical ripple marks and the origin of the water laid cosets of cross-strata. Lpool Manchr geol. J. 3, 187236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, J. R. L. 1963(c). Henry Clifton Sorby and the sedimentary structures of sands and sandstones in relation to flow conditions. Geol. Mijnbouw 42, 223–8.Google Scholar
Allen, J. R. L. 1964(a). Primary current lineation in the Lower Old Red Sandstone (Devonian), Anglo-Welsh Basin. Sedimentology 3, 89108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, J. R. L. 1964(b). Studies in fluviatile sedimentation: Six cyclothems from the Lower Old Red Sandstone, Anglo-Welsh Basin. Sedimentology 3, 163–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, J. R. L. 1965. Fining upward cycles in alluvial succession. Geol. J. 4, 229–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, J. R. L. 1970. Studies in fluviatile sedimentation: a comparison of fining upwards cyclothems, with special reference to coarse-member composition and interpretation. J. sedim. Petrol. 40, 298323.Google Scholar
Beerbower, J. R. 1964. Cyclothems and cyclic depositional mechanisms in alluvial plain sedimentation. Bull. Kansas geol. Surv. 169, 3142.Google Scholar
Cloos, H. 1938. Primare Richtungen im Sedimenten der rheinischen Geosynkline. Geol. Rdsch. 29, 357–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowell, J. C. 1955. Directional current structures from the Pre-Alpine Flysch, Switzerland. Bull. geol. Soc. Am. 66, 1351–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curray, J. R. 1956. The analysis of two dimensional orientation data. J. geol. 64, 113–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geddes, A. 1960. The alluvial morphology of the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Trans. Inst. Br. Geogr. 253–76.Google Scholar
Gurich, G. 1933. Schrägschichtungsbögen und zapfenförmige Flieswülste im ‘Flagstone’ von Pretoria und ahnliche Vorkommnisse in Quartzit Von Kuibis, S.W.A., dem Schilfsandstein Von Maulbronn, u.a. Z. dt. geol. Ges. 85, 652–64.Google Scholar
Harms, J. C. & Fahnestock, R. K. 1965. Stratification, bed forms and flow phenomena. In Primary Sedimentary Structures and Their Hydrodynamic Interpretation. Spec. Publs. Soc. econ. Palaeont. Miner., Tulsa no. 12.Google Scholar
Jopling, A. V. & Walker, R. G. 1968. Morphology and origin of ripple-drift cross-lamination, with examples from the Pleistocene of Massachusetts. J. sedim. Petrol. 38, 971–84.Google Scholar
Krishnan, M. S. & Aiyengar, N. H. N. 1940. Did the Indobrahm or Siwalik river exist? Rec. geol. Surv. Ind. 75.Google Scholar
McKee, E. D. 1940. Three types of cross-lamination in Paleozoic rocks of northern Arizona. Am. J. Sci. 238, 811–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKee, E. D. 1965. Experiments on ripple lamination. In Primary Sedimentary Structures and Their Hydrodynamic Interpretation. Spec. Publs Soc. econ. Paleont. Miner., Tulsa 12.Google Scholar
Parkash, B. & Bajpai, I. P. 1971(a). Sedimentary structures and paleocurrents of the Siwaliks exposed between the Ganga and Jamuna rivers. Res. J. Univ. of Roorkee, 13, 1324.Google Scholar
Parkash, B. & Bajpai, I. P. 1971(b). Paleocurrents of the Siwaliks exposed between the Jamuna and Ganga rivers. Proc. Indian Sci. Congr. 283 (Abstract).Google Scholar
Pascoe, E. H. 1919. Early history of the Indus, Brahmputra and Ganges. Q. Jl geol. Soc. 15, 138–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pelletier, B. E. 1958. Pocono paleocurrents in Pennsylvania and Maryland. Bull. geol. Soc. Am. 69, 1033–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pilgrim, G. E. 1913. The correlation of the Siwaliks with mammal horizons of Europe. Rec. geol. Surv. Ind. 43, 264326.Google Scholar
Pilgrim, G. E. 1919. Suggestions concerning the drainage of northern India. J. As. Soc. Bengal, N.S. 15, 8199.Google Scholar
Potter, P. E. & Pettijohn, F. J. 1963. Paleocurrents and Basin Analysis. Academic Press Inc.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, Y. S. N., Rao, D. P. & Rahman, A. A. 1970. Some non-diastrophic structures in the Lower Siwalik of the Haldwani-Tanakpur area. J. geol. Soc. Ind. 11, 373–7.Google Scholar
Sahni, M. R. & Mathur, L. P. 1964. Stratigraphy of the Siwalik Group. Int. geol. Congr., 22nd Session,New Delhi.Google Scholar
Simons, D. B., Richardson, E. V. & Nordin, C. F. Jr. 1965. Sedimentary structures generated by flow in alluvial channels. In Primary Sedimentary Structures and Their Hydrodynamic Interpretation, Spec. Publs Soc. Econ. Paleont. Mineral. 12.Google Scholar
Sorby, H. C. 1856. On the physical geography of the Old Red Sandstone Sea of the Central District of Scotland. Edinb. New Phil. J. 3, 112–22.Google Scholar
Stokes, W. L. 1947. Primary lineation of fluvial sandstones. J. geol. 55, 52–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stokes, W. L. 1953. Primary sedimentary trend indicators as applied to ore finding in Carrizo Mountains, Arizona and Mexico. U. S. Atomic Energy Comm. RME-3043Google Scholar
Tandon, S. K. 1970. Pebble and grain fabric analysis of the Siwalik. Himalayan geol. 1, 5975.Google Scholar
Visher, G. S. 1965. Use of vertical profile in environmental reconstruction. Bull. Am. Ass. Petrol. Geol. 49, 4161.Google Scholar
Wakhaloo, S. N. & Bhatia, T. R. 1967. The Indobrahm or the Siwalik river. Publ. Centre Ad. Study geol., Panjab Univ. 4 (Abstract).Google Scholar