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The Thrace Basin and the Black Sea: the Eocene–Oligocene marine connection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2017

ARAL I. OKAY ,
ERCAN ÖZCAN ,
AYNUR HAKYEMEZ ,
MUZAFFER SIYAKO ,
GÜRSEL SUNAL  and
ANDREW R.C. KYLANDER-CLARK
ARAL I. OKAY*
Affiliation:
Istanbul Technical University, Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Mines, Department of Geology, Maslak 34469, Turkey
ERCAN ÖZCAN
Affiliation:
Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Mines, Department of Geology, Maslak 34469, Turkey
AYNUR HAKYEMEZ
Affiliation:
General Directorate of Mineral Research and Expolaration (MTA), Department of Geological Research, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
MUZAFFER SIYAKO
Affiliation:
3S Kale Enerji Üretim A. Ş., Güngören, Istanbul, Turkey
GÜRSEL SUNAL
Affiliation:
Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Mines, Department of Geology, Maslak 34469, Turkey
ANDREW R.C. KYLANDER-CLARK
Affiliation:
University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Earth Sciences, Santa Barbara, CA 93106USA
*
‡Author for correspondence: okay@itu.edu.tr
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Abstract

The Late Cretaceous – Recent West Black Sea Basin and the Eocene–Oligocene Thrace Basin are separated by the Strandja arch comprising metamorphic and magmatic rocks. Since Late Cretaceous time the Strandja arch formed a palaeo-high separating the two basins which accumulated clastic sediment of >9 km thickness. During late Eocene – early Oligocene time the marine connection between these basins existed through the Çatalca gap west of Istanbul. The Çatalca gap lies on the damage zone of a major Cretaceous strike-slip fault; it formed a 15 km wide marine gateway, where carbonate-rich sediments of thickness c. 350 m were deposited. The sequence consists of upper Eocene shallow marine limestones (SBZ18-20) overlain by upper Eocene – lower Oligocene (P16-P19 zones) pelagic marl with a rich fauna of planktonic foraminifera; the marls are intercalated with 31–32 Ma acidic tuff and calc-arenite beds. The Çatalca gap is bounded in the west by a major normal fault, which marks the eastern boundary of the Thrace Basin. Seismic reflection profiles, well data and zircon U–Pb ages indicate that the Thrace Basin sequence west of the fault is late Eocene – middle Oligocene (37–27 Ma) in age and that the fault has accommodated 2 km of subsidence. Although there was a marine connection between the West Black Sea and Thrace basins during late Eocene – early Oligocene time, no significant exchange of clastic sediment took place. Sedimentation in the Çatalca gap ended abruptly during early Oligocene time by uplift, and this eventually led to the paralic conditions in the Thrace Basin.

Keywords

TurkeyCenozoic stratigraphyforaminiferazircon U–Pb geochronologyseismic reflection
Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 156 , Issue 1 , January 2019 , pp. 39 - 61
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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