The specimen herein described was sent me by Mr. T. S. Hall, M.A., of Melbourne University. It was found by Mr. F. P. Spry in a rock of supposed Silurian age, at the Yarra Improvement Works, near Prince's Bridge, Melbourne, in November, 1896. The matrix is a fine-grained micaceous sandstone, of a dark purplegrey, weathering yellowish. It often contains crinoid columnals, such as were long ago noticed by the Geological Survey of Victoria, and were figured by W. Blandowski as “Cyatocrinites (probably)pinnatus”; but neither from here, nor from any other Silurian rock of Australia, has a crinoid crown hitherto been recoi-ded. The remains of the crinoid are in the form of an impression, coloured red by iron-oxide; all calcareous matter has been dissolved away. The counterpart of the impression has not been preserved. The specimen was studied by means of wax squeezes; the drawing (Plate XV) represents such a squeeze; and the description follows the drawing.

In the first part of this paper I confined myself to the consideration of the age of the Himalayan granite; in this I propose to discuss Mr. Middlemiss's views regarding the cause of its foliation.

Some time ago I discussed in this Magazine the recent geology of Greenland; and I ventured to argue, and, I think, to prove, that the general rise of that great island from the sea, which is conceded by every inquirer, has been unbroken, and that during the so-called Glacial period, instead of being a lofty plateau as it now is, it was a comparatively low-lying land. I ventured further to argue, and also, I think, to prove, that with the rise from the sea of this great island there has been a corresponding fall in its temperature, which is a very natural and simple a priori meteorological conclusion, and to adduce a number of biological facts to show that during the so-called Glacial period Greenland, instead of having been mantled with an ice-sheet as it is now, had a comparatively mild climate; and that its scanty fauna and flora, instead of having been the result of sporadic migrations thither since the so-called Glacial age, is, in fact, the expiring and shrinking remnant of a once much more important life. The facts and arguments I adduced have nowhere been traversed or met, and it seems to me they are unanswerable.

I Suppose that most of us are familiar with the processes by which necks of land are cut down, by which promontories are turned into peninsulas, and the peninsulas into islands, while the islands in their turn become rocks. I have elsewhere called attention to all stages of the process as shown in the four corners of Sark. On the south there is the Coupee causeway, an isthmus 200 feet above sea-level, with a crest only some six feet in width; on the north, an isthmus yet lower, and parts beyond already being separated by the sea; on the west, an island, Breqhou; on the east, rocks, the Burons. There are to be seen all stages of the process, but does that process always proceed through all those stages to the end?

Upon glancing at the map of Western Australia, the eye is at once attracted by a series of large lakes in the interior: which are further often emphasized by being coloured blue. The natural inference is, that they represent sheets of water, either fresh or salt.