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Adenosine Triphosphate Quantification Correlates Poorly with Microbial Contamination of Duodenoscopes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 April 2017

Lovisa B. Olafsdottir ,
Sharon B. Wright ,
Anne Smithey ,
Riley Heroux ,
Elizabeth B. Hirsch ,
Alice Chen ,
Benjamin Lane ,
Mandeep S. Sawhney  and
Graham M. Snyder
Lovisa B. Olafsdottir
Affiliation:
Division of Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Silverman Institute of Health Care Quality & Safety, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Sharon B. Wright
Affiliation:
Division of Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Silverman Institute of Health Care Quality & Safety, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Anne Smithey
Affiliation:
Division of Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Silverman Institute of Health Care Quality & Safety, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Riley Heroux
Affiliation:
Division of Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Silverman Institute of Health Care Quality & Safety, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Elizabeth B. Hirsch
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacy, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Pharmacy and Health Systems Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
Alice Chen
Affiliation:
Division of Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Silverman Institute of Health Care Quality & Safety, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Benjamin Lane
Affiliation:
Division of Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Silverman Institute of Health Care Quality & Safety, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Mandeep S. Sawhney
Affiliation:
Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Graham M. Snyder*
Affiliation:
Division of Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Silverman Institute of Health Care Quality & Safety, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
*
Address correspondence to Graham Snyder, Mailstop SL-435, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (gsnyder@bidmc.harvard.edu).
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to quantify the correlation between adenosine triphosphate (ATP) measurements and bacterial cultures from duodenoscopes for evaluation of contamination following high-level disinfection.

DESIGN

Duodenoscopes used for any intended endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure were included. Microbiologic and ATP data were collected concomitantly and in the same manner from ERCP duodenoscopes.

SETTING

A high-volume endoscopy unit at a tertiary referral acute-care facility.

METHODS

Duodenoscopes were sampled for ATP and bacterial contamination in a contemporaneous and highly standardized fashion using a “flush-brush-flush” method for the working channel (WC) and a dry flocked swab for the elevator mechanism (EM). Specimens were processed for any aerobic bacterial growth (colony-forming units, CFU). Growth of CFU>0 and ATP relative light unit (RLU)>0 was considered a contaminated result. Frequency of discord between among WC and EM measurements were calculated using 2×2 contingency tables. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to calculate the relatedness of bacterial contamination and ATP as continuous measurements.

RESULTS

The Spearman correlation coefficient did not demonstrate significant relatedness between ATP and CFU for either a WC or EM site. Among 390 duodenoscope sampling events, ATP and CFU assessments of contamination were discordant in 82 of 390 WC measurements (21%) and 331 of 390 of EM measurements (84.9%). The EM was frequently and markedly positive by ATP measurement.

CONCLUSION

ATP measurements correlate poorly with a microbiologic standard assessing duodenoscope contamination, particularly for EM sampling. ATP may reflect biological material other than nonviable aerobic bacteria and may not serve as an adequate marker of bacterial contamination.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:678–684

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 38 , Issue 6 , June 2017 , pp. 678 - 684
Copyright
© 2017 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved 

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Footnotes

PREVIOUS PRESENTATION: Findings from this study were presented at The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology Spring 2016 Conference in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 19, 2016 (poster no. 530).

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