¹ The democratic deficit argument is now almost too well known to require a reference, but for two general and authoritative works dealing with the issue see Scharpf, Fritz W, Governing in Europe: Effective and Democratic? (OUP, Oxford, 1999CrossRefGoogle Scholar) and Amaryllis, Verhoeven, The European Union in Search of a Democratic and Constitutional Theory (Kluwer, The Hague, 2002).Google Scholar The democratic deficit problem has also been acknowledged by the European institutions themselves: see, for example, the European Commission's White Paper on European Governance of 25 July 2001 (COM(2001) 428 final).Google Scholar

² Acknowledged in the Commission's White Paper on European Governance, eg at p 7.Google Scholar

³ The French and Dutch rejections of the Constitution were admittedly events which took place after publication of the book, but the phenomenon of Euro-scepticism, which these events embody, is not a new one.

⁴ To cite but one example, see the review of these developments in Anaya, S James, Indigenous Peoples in International Law (2nd edn, OUP, Oxford, 2004).Google Scholar